Marathon fatigue: the role of plasma fatty acids, muscle glycogen and blood glucose

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Callow ◽  
A. Morton ◽  
M. Guppy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Arteriovenous glucose differences across the mammary gland of the fed, starved, and re-fed lactating rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Page ◽  
N J Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acids ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Time Courses

Arteriovenous glucose difference across the mammary gland of the lactating rat was used as an ‘instantaneous’ monitor of mammary glucose uptake. Plasma [glucose] and arteriovenous glucose difference varied according to whether Halothane, diethyl ether or sodium pentobarbitone anaesthesia was used. In pentobarbitone-treated rats a 60% glucose extraction in the fed state decreased to 5% after 18 h starvation, and recovered to 40% and 59% after 15 min and 60 min re-feeding respectively. The increase and decrease in plasma [fatty acids] and the depletion and restoration of hepatic glycogen mostly followed similar time courses. Re-feeding was accompanied by a brief surge of plasma [insulin]. Starved lactating rats showed a markedly greater capacity than age-matched virgin rats in the oral and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. Mammary glucose uptake in the starved rat was significantly restored by oral or intraperitoneal glucose or by insulin, but not by acetoacetate or by heparin-induced elevation of plasma [fatty acids]. The role of insulin and of possible changes in mammary sensitivity to insulin in the return of mammary glucose uptake on re-feeding is discussed.

Role of Plasma Fatty Acids, Prostaglandins and Antioxidant Balance in Bovine Mastitis

1989 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-10) ◽  
pp. 702-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Atroshi ◽  
A. Rizzo ◽  
R. Kangasniemi ◽  
S. Sankari ◽  
T. Työppönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Plasma Fatty Acids

The Role of Medium-Chain Triglycerides in Exercise

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline R. Berning
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Alternative Carbon Source ◽  
Sparing Effect ◽  
Fuel Source

Studies investigating fat as a fuel for exercise have found that increasing free fatty acids during exercise tends to spare muscle glycogen due to increased utilization of free fatty acids for energy, which in turn can enhance the capacity for endurance exercise. Medium-chain triglycerides do not delay gastric emptying or absorption. They are broken down by lipase in the stomach and duodenum to glycerol and medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA). Since MCFAs are metabolized as quickly as glucose, it has been speculated that they might provide an alternative carbon source for the muscle during prolonged exercise. While the majority of studies investigating the role of medium-chain triglycerides and exercise have found no sparing effect of muscle glycogen after consumption of medium-chain triglycerides, two recent studies have presented conflicting results. This review will investigate the speculated role of medium-chain triglycerides as an alternative fuel source for exercising muscles and will discuss the possibility that medium-chain triglycerides preserve muscle glycogen during exercise,

scholarly journals Further Evidence for the Role of Glucose as a Metabolic Regulator of Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator Activity in Goats

Endocrinology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 145 (7) ◽  
pp. 3239-3246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ohkura ◽  
Toru Ichimaru ◽  
Fumiaki Itoh ◽  
Shuichi Matsuyama ◽  
Hiroaki Okamura
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Gnrh Release ◽  
Multiple Unit ◽  
Metabolic Signal ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Generator Activity

Abstract The present study examined the relative importance of blood glucose vs. free fatty acids as a metabolic signal regulating GnRH release as measured electrophysiologically by multiple-unit activity (MUA) in the arcuate nucleus/median eminence region in ovariectomized, estradiol-treated goats. MUA was recorded before, during, and after: 1) cellular glucoprivation by peripheral infusion of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG; 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg·h, iv); 2) peripheral hypoglycemia in response to various doses (15–195 mU/kg·h, iv) of insulin infusion; and 3) cellular lipoprivation induced by peripheral infusion of sodium mercaptoacetate (MA; 2.4 mg/kg·h alone or combined with 25 mg/kg·h of 2DG, iv), and effects on the interval of characteristic increases in MUA (MUA volleys) were examined. Infusion of the highest dose of 2DG increased the mean interval between MUA volleys, whereas the lower doses of 2DG had no effect on volley interval. The MUA volley intervals lengthened as insulin-induced hypoglycemia became profound. There was a negative correlation between MUA volley intervals and blood glucose concentrations during insulin infusion, and coinfusion of glucose with insulin returned the MUA volley interval to a normal frequency. Infusion of MA alone or MA with 2DG did not increase MUA volley intervals. These findings demonstrate that glucose availability, but not fatty acids, regulates the GnRH pulse generator activity in the ruminant. Glucose is considered a key metabolic regulator that fine-tunes pulsatile GnRH release.

Alcohol intake impairs glucose counterregulation during acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia in IDDM patients. Evidence for a critical role of free fatty acids

Diabetes ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1626-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Avogaro ◽  
P. Beltramello ◽  
L. Gnudi ◽  
A. Maran ◽  
A. Valerio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Critical Role
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