Electron microscopy of spore germination and cell wall formation in Mucor rouxii

1968 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bartnicki-Garcia ◽  
Nancy Nelson ◽  
E. Cota-Robles
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Mucor Rouxii ◽  
Wall Formation

Initial stages of cell wall formation in the dinoflagellate Peridinium trochoideum

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Kalley ◽  
Thana Bisalputra
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Fibrous Material ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Marine Dinoflagellate ◽  
Interphase Cells

The formation of the cell wall in the marine dinoflagellate Peridinium trochoideum was studied using light and electron microscopy. In mature, interphase cells, densely staining inclusions termed ‘prothecal bodies’ were found distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Before ecdysis each amorphous prothecal body developed into many vesicles, each of which contained fibrous material in an electron-transparent matrix. The vast number of vesicles so formed may have increased the cell's osmotic pressure enough to initiate ecdysis. At ecdysis the thecal plates and overlying membranes were lost and a new wall was formed by deposition of intact prothecal vesicles at the protoplast surface. The newly formed wall was continuous over the protoplast and no plates existed as such

scholarly journals A single heterologously expressed plant cellulose synthase isoform is sufficient for cellulose microfibril formation in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (40) ◽  
pp. 11360-11365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallinti Purushotham ◽  
Sung Hyun Cho ◽  
Sara M. Díaz-Moreno ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
B. Tracy Nixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Wall Formation

Plant cell walls are a composite material of polysaccharides, proteins, and other noncarbohydrate polymers. In the majority of plant tissues, the most abundant polysaccharide is cellulose, a linear polymer of glucose molecules. As the load-bearing component of the cell wall, individual cellulose chains are frequently bundled into micro and macrofibrils and are wrapped around the cell. Cellulose is synthesized by membrane-integrated and processive glycosyltransferases that polymerize UDP-activated glucose and secrete the nascent polymer through a channel formed by their own transmembrane regions. Plants express several different cellulose synthase isoforms during primary and secondary cell wall formation; however, so far, none has been functionally reconstituted in vitro for detailed biochemical analyses. Here we report the heterologous expression, purification, and functional reconstitution of Populus tremula x tremuloides CesA8 (PttCesA8), implicated in secondary cell wall formation. The recombinant enzyme polymerizes UDP-activated glucose to cellulose, as determined by enzyme degradation, permethylation glycosyl linkage analysis, electron microscopy, and mutagenesis studies. Catalytic activity is dependent on the presence of a lipid bilayer environment and divalent manganese cations. Further, electron microscopy analyses reveal that PttCesA8 produces cellulose fibers several micrometers long that occasionally are capped by globular particles, likely representing PttCesA8 complexes. Deletion of the enzyme’s N-terminal RING-finger domain almost completely abolishes fiber formation but not cellulose biosynthetic activity. Our results demonstrate that reconstituted PttCesA8 is not only sufficient for cellulose biosynthesis in vitro but also suffices to bundle individual glucan chains into cellulose microfibrils.

Cell Wall Formation of Compression Wood in Todo Fir (Abies Sacharinensis) - I. Deposition of Polysaccharides

IAWA Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Takabe ◽  
Takaharu Miyauchi ◽  
Kazumi Fukazawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Cytochemical Staining ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Ultraviolet Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron

Cell wall formation, particularly deposition of polysaccharides, of compression wood in Todo fir (Abies sacharinensis) was examined by either fluorescence and ultraviolet microscopy or by transmission electron microscopy coupled with cytochemical staining.

Ethylene effects on cambial activity and cell wall formation in hypocotyls of Picea abies seedlings

1991 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbro S. M. Ingemarsson ◽  
Leif Eklund ◽  
Lennart Eliasson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Wall Formation

Arabidopsis Callose Synthase Gene GSL8 is Required for Cell Wall Formation and Establishment and Maintenance of Quiescent Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-397
Author(s):  
Liu Lin ◽  
Quan Xianqing ◽  
Zhao Xiaomei ◽  
Huang Lihua ◽  
Feng Shangcai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Quiescent Center ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Callose Synthase ◽  
Wall Formation
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