Developmental regulation of polyamine metabolism in growth and differentiation of carrot culture

Planta ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Fienberg ◽  
J. H. Choi ◽  
W. P. Lubich ◽  
Z. R. Sung
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Carrot Culture

scholarly journals Polyamine Metabolism in Scots Pine Embryogenic Cells under Potassium Deficiency

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1244
Author(s):  
Riina Muilu-Mäkelä ◽  
Jaana Vuosku ◽  
Hely Häggman ◽  
Tytti Sarjala
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Arginine Decarboxylase ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Embryogenic Cells ◽  
Embryogenic Cell

Polyamines (PA) have a protective role in maintaining growth and development in Scots pine during abiotic stresses. In the present study, a controlled liquid Scots pine embryogenic cell culture was used for studying the responses of PA metabolism related to potassium deficiency. The transcription level regulation of PA metabolism led to the accumulation of putrescine (Put). Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) had an increased expression trend under potassium deficiency, whereas spermidine synthase (SPDS) expression decreased. Generally, free spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm)/ thermospermine (t-Spm) contents were kept relatively stable, mostly by the downregulation of polyamine oxidase (PAO) expression. The low potassium contents in the culture medium decreased the potassium content of the cells, which inhibited cell mass growth, but did not affect cell viability. The reduced growth was probably caused by repressed metabolic activity and cell division, whereas there were no signs of H2O2-induced oxidative stress or increased cell death. The low intracellular content of K+ decreased the content of Na+. The decrease in the pH of the culture medium indicated that H+ ions were pumped out of the cells. Altogether, our findings emphasize the specific role(s) of Put under potassium deficiency and strict developmental regulation of PA metabolism in Scots pine.

scholarly journals Developmental regulation of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA in different rat tissues.

1986 ◽  
Vol 261 (28) ◽  
pp. 13144-13150 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Brown ◽  
D E Graham ◽  
S P Nissley ◽  
D J Hill ◽  
A J Strain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor Ii

scholarly journals Effect of Methionine Restriction on Aging: Its Relationship to Oxidative Stress

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Munehiro Kitada ◽  
Yoshio Ogura ◽  
Itaru Monno ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Daisuke Koya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Lifespan Extension ◽  
Methionine Metabolism ◽  
Glutathione Synthesis ◽  
Methyl Donors ◽  
Methionine Restriction ◽  
Adenosyl Methionine ◽  
Species Production

Enhanced oxidative stress is closely related to aging and impaired metabolic health and is influenced by diet-derived nutrients and energy. Recent studies have shown that methionine restriction (MetR) is related to longevity and metabolic health in organisms from yeast to rodents. The effect of MetR on lifespan extension and metabolic health is mediated partially through a reduction in oxidative stress. Methionine metabolism is involved in the supply of methyl donors such as S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), glutathione synthesis and polyamine metabolism. SAM, a methionine metabolite, activates mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 and suppresses autophagy; therefore, MetR can induce autophagy. In the process of glutathione synthesis in methionine metabolism, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced through cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase; however, MetR can induce increased H2S production through this pathway. Similarly, MetR can increase the production of polyamines such as spermidine, which are involved in autophagy. In addition, MetR decreases oxidative stress by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria. Thus, MetR can attenuate oxidative stress through multiple mechanisms, consequently associating with lifespan extension and metabolic health. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the effects of MetR on lifespan extension and metabolic health, focusing on the reduction in oxidative stress.

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