Thymidine incorporation as a measure of heterotrophic bacterioplankton production in marine surface waters: Evaluation and field results

1982 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Fuhrman ◽  
F. Azam
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacterioplankton ◽  
Bacterioplankton Production ◽  
Marine Surface

Estimation of Biologically Damaging UV Levels in Marine Surface Waters with DNA and Viral Dosimeters¶

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Wilhelm ◽  
Wade H. Jeffrey ◽  
Curtis A. Suttle ◽  
David L. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Marine Surface

Abundant and diverse bacteria involved in DMSP degradation in marine surface waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2397-2410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn C. Howard ◽  
Shulei Sun ◽  
Erin J. Biers ◽  
Mary Ann Moran
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Marine Surface

Zinc marine biogeochemistry in seawater: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Sinoir ◽  
Edward C. V. Butler ◽  
Andrew R. Bowie ◽  
Mathieu Mongin ◽  
Pavel N. Nesterenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Phytoplankton Growth ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Subtle Effect ◽  
Marine Biogeochemistry ◽  
Marine Surface

The interest in trace element biogeochemistry has arisen from the well demonstrated iron hypothesis that revealed the central role that iron exerts on oceanic primary and associated biogeochemical cycles. The essentiality of zinc for key biological enzymes, coupled with a nutrient-like vertical distribution with low dissolved concentrations in many marine surface waters, provided motivation to study zinc in marine systems. Laboratory studies have confirmed the importance of zinc to sustain phytoplankton growth and its influence on the composition of the phytoplankton community. However, mixed results were obtained in the field, which suggest a more subtle effect of zinc on oceanic phytoplankton growth than iron. As a consequence, consensus on its biological role, mechanisms at play or regional versus global relevance is currently lacking and highlights the need for new conceptual models of zinc in marine systems. The recent GEOTRACES program is generating new data approaches to discuss and understand further zinc behaviour in the ocean.

scholarly journals Effects of soot deposition on particle dynamics and microbial processes in marine surface waters

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Mari ◽  
Jérôme Lefèvre ◽  
Jean-Pascal Torréton ◽  
Yvan Bettarel ◽  
Olivier Pringault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Particle Dynamics ◽  
Microbial Processes ◽  
Soot Deposition ◽  
Marine Surface

scholarly journals Rates of primary production in groundwater rival those in oligotrophic marine systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will A Overholt ◽  
Susan Trumbore ◽  
Xiaomei Xu ◽  
Till L V Bornemann ◽  
Alexander J Probst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Carbonate Aquifer ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Marine Surface ◽  
Terrestrial Subsurface

The terrestrial subsurface contains nearly all of Earth's freshwater reserves and harbors upwards of 60% of our planet's total prokaryotic biomass. While genetic surveys suggest these organisms rely on in situ carbon fixation, rather than the translocation of photosynthetically derived organic carbon, corroborating measurements of carbon fixation in the subsurface are absent. Using a novel ultra-low level 14C-labeling technique, we show that in situ carbon fixation rates in a carbonate aquifer reached 10% of the median rates measured in oligotrophic marine surface waters, and were up to six-fold greater than those observed in lower euphotic zone waters where deep chlorophyll levels peak. Empirical carbon fixation rates were substantiated by both nitrification and anammox rate data. Metagenomic analyses revealed a remarkable abundance of putative chemolithoautotrophic members of an uncharacterized order of Nitrospiria - the first representatives of this class expected to fix carbon via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. Based on these fixation rates, we extrapolate global primary production in carbonate groundwaters to be 0.11 Pg of carbon per year.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Glucose under Anoxic Conditions by Bacterioplankton from Coastal North Sea Surface Waters

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Alonso ◽  
Jakob Pernthaler
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Marine Surface

ABSTRACT It has been hypothesized that the potential for anaerobic metabolism might be a common feature of bacteria in coastal marine waters (L. Riemann and F. Azam, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68: 5554-5562, 2002). Therefore, we investigated whether different phylogenetic groups of heterotrophic picoplankton from the coastal North Sea were able to take up a simple carbon source under anoxic conditions. Oxic and anoxic incubations (4 h) or enrichments (24 h) of seawater with radiolabeled glucose were performed in July and August 2003. Bacteria with incorporated substrate were identified by using a novel protocol in which we combined fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography of cells on membrane filters. Incorporation of glucose under oxic and anoxic conditions was found in α-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, and the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster of the Bacteroidetes at both times, but not in marine Euryarchaeota. In July, the majority of cells belonging to the α-proteobacterial Roseobacter clade showed tracer incorporation both in oxic incubations and in oxic and anoxic enrichments. In August, only a minority of the Roseobacter cells, but most bacteria affiliated with Vibrio spp., were able to incorporate the tracer under either condition. A preference for glucose uptake under anoxic conditions was observed for bacteria related to Alteromonas and the Pseudoalteromonas-Colwellia group. These genera are commonly considered to be strictly aerobic, but facultatively fermentative strains have been described. Our findings suggest that the ability to incorporate substrates anaerobically is widespread in pelagic marine bacteria belonging to different phylogenetic groups. Such bacteria may be abundant in fully aerated coastal marine surface waters.

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