Metabolic rates of epipelagic marine zooplankton as a function of body mass and temperature

1985 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Marine Zooplankton

scholarly journals Allometry of mitochondrial efficiency is set by metabolic intensity

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1911) ◽  
pp. 20191693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boël Mélanie ◽  
Romestaing Caroline ◽  
Voituron Yann ◽  
Roussel Damien
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria ◽  
Metabolic Intensity ◽  
Mitochondrial Efficiency

Metabolic activity sets the rates of individual resource uptake from the environment and resource allocations. For this reason, the relationship with body size has been heavily documented from ecosystems to cells. Until now, most of the studies used the fluxes of oxygen as a proxy of energy output without knowledge of the efficiency of biological systems to convert oxygen into ATP. The aim of this study was to examine the allometry of coupling efficiency (ATP/O) of skeletal muscle mitochondria isolated from 12 mammal species ranging from 6 g to 550 kg. Mitochondrial efficiencies were measured at different steady states of phosphorylation. The efficiencies increased sharply at higher metabolic rates. We have shown that body mass dependence of mitochondrial efficiency depends on metabolic intensity in skeletal muscles of mammals. Mitochondrial efficiency positively depends on body mass when mitochondria are close to the basal metabolic rate; however, the efficiency is independent of body mass at the maximum metabolic rate. As a result, it follows that large mammals exhibit a faster dynamic increase in ATP/O than small species when mitochondria shift from basal to maximal activities. Finally, the invariant value of maximal coupling efficiency across mammal species could partly explain why scaling exponent values are very close to 1 at maximal metabolic rates.

Metabolic rate does not scale with body mass in cultured mammalian cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (6) ◽  
pp. R2115-R2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie F. Brown ◽  
Tyson P. Gratton ◽  
Jeffrey. A. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Species Specific

The allometric scaling of metabolic rate with organism body mass can be partially accounted for by differences in cellular metabolic rates. For example, hepatocytes isolated from horses consume almost 10-fold less oxygen per unit time as mouse hepatocytes [Porter and Brand, Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 269: R226–R228, 1995]. This could reflect a genetically programmed, species-specific, intrinsic metabolic rate set point, or simply the adaptation of individual cells to their particular in situ environment (i.e., within the organism). We studied cultured cell lines derived from 10 mammalian species with donor body masses ranging from 5 to 600,000 g to determine whether cells propagated in an identical environment (media) exhibited metabolic rate scaling. Neither metabolic rate nor the maximal activities of key enzymes of oxidative or anaerobic metabolism scaled significantly with donor body mass in cultured cells, indicating the absence of intrinsic, species-specific, cellular metabolic rate set points. Furthermore, we suggest that changes in the metabolic rates of isolated cells probably occur within 24 h and involve a reduction of cellular metabolism toward values observed in lower metabolic rate organisms. The rate of oxygen delivery has been proposed to limit cellular metabolic rates in larger organisms. To examine the effect of oxygen on steady-state cellular respiration rates, we grew cells under a variety of physiologically relevant oxygen regimens. Long-term exposure to higher medium oxygen levels increased respiration rates of all cells, consistent with the hypothesis that higher rates of oxygen delivery in smaller mammals might increase cellular metabolic rates.

Environmental and genetic influences on body mass and resting metabolic rates (RMR) in a natural population of weaselMustela nivalis

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1283-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAROL ZUB ◽  
STUART PIERTNEY ◽  
PAULINA A. SZAFRAŃSKA ◽  
MAREK KONARZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Metabolic Rates

scholarly journals Accounting for body mass effects in the estimation of field metabolic rates from body acceleration

2021 ◽  
pp. jeb.233544
Author(s):  
Evan E. Byrnes ◽  
Karissa O. Lear ◽  
Lauran R. Brewster ◽  
Nicholas M. Whitney ◽  
Matthew J. Smukall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Scale Dependence ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Body Acceleration ◽  
Mass Effects ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Field Metabolic Rates ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Modelling Process

Dynamic Body Acceleration (DBA), measured through animal-attached tags, has emerged as a powerful method for estimating field metabolic rates of free-ranging individuals. Following respirometry to calibrate oxygen consumption rate (MO2) with DBA under controlled conditions, predictive models can be applied to DBA data collected from free-ranging individuals. However, laboratory calibrations are generally performed on a relatively narrow size range of animals, which may introduce biases if predictive models are applied to differently sized individuals in the field. Here, we tested the mass dependence of the DBA-MO2 relationship to develop an experimental framework for the estimation of field metabolic rates when organisms differ in size. We performed respirometry experiments with individuals spanning one order of magnitude in body mass (1.74–17.15 kg) and used a two-stage modelling process to assess the intraspecific scale dependence of the MO2-DBA relationship and incorporate such dependencies into the coefficients of MO2 predictive models. The final predictive model showed scale dependence; the slope of the MO2-DBA relationship was strongly allometric (M1.55), whereas the intercept term scaled closer to isometry (M1.08). Using bootstrapping and simulations, we evaluated the performance of this coefficient-corrected model against commonly used methods of accounting for mass effects on the MO2-DBA relationship and found the lowest error and bias in the coefficient-corrected approach. The strong scale dependence of the MO2-DBA relationship indicates that caution must be exercised when models developed using one size class are applied to individuals of different sizes.

Teaching Body Mass Index and Kleiber Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 1920010
Author(s):  
Dulli C. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Spherical Head

Scaling laws advise that resting metabolic rates in animals and their corresponding body surfaces both should follow [Formula: see text] dependence. A pedagogic attempt has been made to validate this Kleiber law in case of human beings having spherical head and cylindrical arms, legs and trunk with the help of associated body mass index. It is observed that the metabolic rates of those persons who either lose or put on weight are not affected provided their body parts are functioning properly. It is suggested that matching body mass indices should also be worked out for animals.

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