The common mussel Mytilus edulis as an indicator of pollution by zinc, cadmium, lead and copper. I. Effects of environmental variables on uptake of metals

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. H. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cadmium Lead

An Analysis of Factors Determining Seasonal Variation in the Byssal Attachment Strength of Mytilus Edulis

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Price
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Scope For Growth ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Attachment Strength ◽  
The Common

INTRODUCTIONThe common mussel Mytilus edulis L. is one of the most successful shore molluscs. It is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere and is abundant not only in the most sheltered bays and loughs but also in conditions of extreme exposure (Lewis, 1964; Seed, 1976). Attachment to the substratum is by means of the proteinaceous byssus complex, the strength of which has been shown to vary seasonally (Price, 1980b). This variation could be a response to seasonal fluctuations in wave action, as suggested by Pieters et al. (1978), or may result from the seasonality of other environmental variables. Some of these, e.g. salinity and sea temperature, have been shown to influence byssus production (Glaus, 1968; Van Winkle, 1970; Allen et al. 1976), Phytoplankton density, spawning and the reduced ‘scope for growth’ during winter months (Bayne & Widdows, 1978) may also play a role in determining byssus strength.In the present study, the relationships between byssal attachment strength and environmental and other variables are examined in a population of mussels on the South Wales coast.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage in an Uranium Deposit

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoyan N. Groudev ◽  
Plamen S. Georgiev ◽  
Irena Spasova ◽  
Marina Nicolova
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Uranium Deposit ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
The Individual

Acid drainage waters generated in the uranium deposit Curilo, Bulgaria, were treated by means of different passive systems such as natural and constructed wetlands, alkalizing limestone drains, permeable reactive multibarriers and a rock filter, used separately or in different combinations. The waters had a pH in the range of about 2 – 4 and contained radionuclides (uranium, radium), heavy metals (copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese), arsenic and sulphates in concentrations usually much higher than the relevant permissible levels for waters intended for use in agriculture and/or industry. The water flow rate through the individual systems was different and not stable, and varied in the range approximately from 0.02 to 1.5 l/s. Efficient removal of pollutants was achieved by means of these systems during the different climatic seasons, even during the cold winter months at water and ambient temperatures close to 0 oC. The removal was due to different mechanisms but microbial sulphate reduction, biosorption by living and dead plant biomass and chemical neutralization played the main roles.

scholarly journals Mapping blood pressure loci in (A/J × B6)F2 mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. L. Woo ◽  
Ira Kurtz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Chromosome 17 ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Lod Score ◽  
Human Hypertension ◽  
Complex Genetics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Human Chromosome 17

Although the genetics of rare, monogenic, forms of human hypertension are fairly well defined, the genetics of the common polygenic form of human essential hypertension is only emerging. With the ability to control environmental variables, animal models have provided valuable tools with which to study blood pressure (BP) homeostasis. We have now studied BP genetics in a model consisting of 1,521 F2 mice from a series of (A/J × B6) intercrosses kept under standardized conditions. Using whole genome quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, we have identified four novel significant BP loci. These included Abbp1 on mouse chromosome MMU1 [maximum LOD score (MLS) at ∼35 cM = 6.8], Abbp2 on MMU4 (MLS at ∼25 cM = 9.8), Abbp3 on MMU7 (MLS at ∼25 cM = 5.4), and Abbp4 on MMU11 (MLS at ∼58 cM = 6.3). Compared with A/J homozygotes, homozygosity for the B6 alleles of Abbp1, Abbp2, or Abbp4 is independently associated with a 7–12 mmHg increase in BP. In contrast Abbp3 interacts epistatically with a locus on MMU17 (near D17Mit180) to modulate BPs in female (A/J × B6)F2 mice. Interestingly, Abbp4 on MMU11 is homologous to a major confirmed BP locus, BP1, on rat chromosome 10 and to a major confirmed BP locus, HYT1, on human chromosome 17. Defining the molecular differences between the A/J and the B6 alleles at these novel loci with major influences on the BP phenotype will contribute to our understanding of the complex genetics of BP control.

scholarly journals Formation and characterization of acid mine drainage in the Madzharovo ore field, Southeastern Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Svetlana Bratkova
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sulfide Minerals ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The Impact

The formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental problem in areas with mining and processing industries worldwide. Their generation is associated with chemical and biological processes of oxidation of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite. Sources of AMD can be deposits of sulfide minerals and coal with a high content of pyrite sulfur, mining waste and some tailings. The impact of AMD on surface and groundwater in mining areas continues for decades after the cessation of extraction. An example of the negative impact of generated acid mine drainage on the state of surface waters is in the region of Madzharovo. Years after the cessation of mining, the waters at the discharge points "Momina Skala", "Harman Kaya" and "Pandak Dere" are characterized by low pH values and high concentrations of iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and manganese.

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