Feeding biology of the shrimp Rimicaris exoculata at hydrothermal vents on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Van Dover ◽  
B. Fry ◽  
J. F. Grassle ◽  
S. Humphris ◽  
P. A. Rona
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Feeding Biology ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge

scholarly journals Food sources, behaviour, and distribution of hydrothermal vent shrimps at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Gebruk ◽  
E.C. Southward ◽  
H. Kennedy ◽  
A.J. Southward
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Tube Worms ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Menez Gwen ◽  
Juvenile Shrimp ◽  
Supporting Structures

Five species of bresilioid shrimp were investigated at seven hydrothermal sites on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Menez Gwen, Lucky Strike, Rainbow, Broken Spur, TAG, Snake Pit and Logatchev. Samples were prepared for analysis of stable isotopes, elemental composition and lipids. Shrimp behaviour was observed from the submersible ‘Alvin’ and in the laboratory aboard RV ‘Atlantis’. The distribution and zonation of the shrimp species was recorded. Juvenile shrimp of all species arrive at the vents carrying reserves of photosynthetic origin, built-up in the pelagic larval stages. These reserves are used while the shrimp metamorphose to the adult form and, in Rimicaris exoculata and Chorocaris chacei, while they develop epibiotic bacteria supporting structures, the modified mouthparts and the inside of the carapace. The main food of adult R. exoculata is filamentous bacteria that grow on these structures. The intermediate sizes of C. chacei also feed on such bacteria, but the final stage gets some food by scavenging or predation. Mirocaris species scavenge diverse sources; they are not trophically dependent on either R. exoculata or mussels. Adults of Alvinocaris markensis are predators of other vent animals, including R. exoculata. The dense swarms of R. exoculata, with their exosymbionts, can be compared to endosymbiont-containing animals such as Bathymodiolus and the vestimentiferan tube-worms of the Pacific vents. Such associations, whether endo- or ectosymbiotic, may be necessary for the development of flourishing communities at hydrothermal vents.

Mercury concentrations in invertebrates from Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vent fields

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Martins ◽  
V. Costa ◽  
F. Porteiro ◽  
A. Cravo ◽  
R.S. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Total Hg ◽  
Menez Gwen

Mercury determinations were carried out in mussels (Bathymodiolus azoricus) from three Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents (Lucky Strike, Menez Gwen and Rainbow) and shrimps (Rimicaris exoculata and Mirocaris fortunata) from Rainbow. Among the three hydrothermal vents, mussels of Menez Gwen show the highest levels of total Hg and comparing mussels and shrimps from Rainbow the former show more Hg than shrimps. Mussels from different hydrothermal vents are exposed to different kinds of environment which may result in distinct bioaccumulation processes. Detoxification processes in shrimps are related to the low concentrations found. When compared with coastal species from unpolluted sites, mussels show higher concentrations of total Hg and shrimps lower levels. The methyl-mercury concentrations found were very low, not exceeding the detection limit of the technique.

scholarly journals Population structure and environmental niches of Rimicaris shrimps from the Mid Atlantic Ridge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Methou ◽  
Ivan Hernandez Avila ◽  
Cecile Cathalot ◽  
Marie-Anne Cambon Bonavita ◽  
Florence Pradillon
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Population Demographics ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Potential Factors

Among the endemic and specialized fauna from hydrothermal vents, Rimicaris shrimp surely constitutes one of the most important and emblematic component of these ecosystems. In the Mid Atlantic Ridge, two species affiliated to this genus co-occur: Rimicaris exoculata and Rimicaris chacei that differ by their morphology, their trophic regime as well as by their abundance. The first forms large and dense aggregations on active vent chimney walls in close proximity to vent fluid emissions, whereas the second is recognized as much less conspicuous, living mostly in scattered groups or solitary further away from the fluids. However, the recent revision of Rimicaris juvenile stages from the Mid Atlantic Ridge show that R. chacei abundance would be higher than expected at these early life stages. Here, we describe and compare the population structures of R. exoculata and R. chacei at the Snake Pit and TAG vent fields. We show widely distinct population demographics between the two co-occurring shrimps with a large post settlement collapse in R. chacei population suggesting a large juvenile mortality for this species. We also observe important spatial segregation patterns between the two species and their different life stages. Additionally, our results highlight distinct niches for the earliest juvenile stages of both R. exoculata and R. chacei, compared to all the other life stages. Finally, we discuss the potential factors - predation and competitive interactions among others - that could explain the differences we observe in the population structure of these two species.

Retinal Anatomy of New Bresiliid Shrimp from the Lucky Strike and Broken Spur Hydrothermal Vent Fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Kuenzler ◽  
J.T. Kwasniewski ◽  
R.N. Jinks ◽  
R.C. Lakin ◽  
B.A. Battelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Black Smoker ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Surface Dwelling ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Visual Apparatus

The 1989 discovery of a large dorsal eye on the hydrothermal vent shrimp, Rimicaris exoculata, debunked the prevailing opinion that all animals living around deep hydrothermal vents were blind. Recent dives with DSV ‘Alvin’ recovered new bresiliid shrimp [Chorocaris (Lucky Strike) and Chorocaris (Broken Spur)] from two new vent fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Lucky Strike species has recently been named Chorocaris fortunata and may be the same as the Broken Spur species - the retinal morphologies reported here are very similar. Like R. exoculata, C. fortunata has a visual apparatus adapted to the very dim light of its environment. Although in both species enlarged, non-imaging eyes appear to have evolved from the stalked compound eyes typical of caridean shrimp, those of C. fortunata are forward-facing whilst that of R. exoculata is located dorsally. The massive array of photosensitive membrane (rhabdom) of C. fortunata lies beneath a smooth cornea within a matt, white, reflecting matrix and occupies 80% of the available volume of the photoreceptors compared to the expected 10–15% of shallow water decapods. All screening pigment is located out of the light path at the bottom of the retina. There is no ultrastructural evidence for cyclic rhabdom shedding or renewal. Thus the cellular organization of C. fortunata is remarkably similar to that of R. exoculata and distinct from its surface-dwelling relatives. This suggests that in these species imaging optics have been sacrificed to achieve the increased visual sensitivity necessary to detect the very dim light emitted from the throats of the black smoker chimneys around which they live

scholarly journals Niche partitioning in the Rimicaris exoculata holobiont: the case of the first symbiotic Zetaproteobacteria

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Anne Cambon-Bonavita ◽  
Johanne Aubé ◽  
Valérie Cueff-Gauchard ◽  
Julie Reveillaud
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Iron Sulfide ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Close Relatives

Abstract Background Free-living and symbiotic chemosynthetic microbial communities support primary production and higher trophic levels in deep-sea hydrothermal vents. The shrimp Rimicaris exoculata, which dominates animal communities along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, houses a complex bacterial community in its enlarged cephalothorax. The dominant bacteria present are from the taxonomic groups Campylobacteria, Desulfobulbia (formerly Deltaproteobacteria), Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and some recently discovered iron oxyhydroxide-coated Zetaproteobacteria. This epibiotic consortium uses iron, sulfide, methane, and hydrogen as energy sources. Here, we generated shotgun metagenomes from Rimicaris exoculata cephalothoracic epibiotic communities to reconstruct and investigate symbiotic genomes. We collected specimens from three geochemically contrasted vent fields, TAG, Rainbow, and Snake Pit, to unravel the specificity, variability, and adaptation of Rimicaris–microbe associations. Results Our data enabled us to reconstruct 49 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from the TAG and Rainbow vent fields, including 16 with more than 90% completion and less than 5% contamination based on single copy core genes. These MAGs belonged to the dominant Campylobacteria, Desulfobulbia, Thiotrichaceae, and some novel candidate phyla radiation (CPR) lineages. In addition, most importantly, two MAGs in our collection were affiliated to Zetaproteobacteria and had no close relatives (average nucleotide identity ANI < 77% with the closest relative Ghiorsea bivora isolated from TAG, and 88% with each other), suggesting potential novel species. Genes for Calvin-Benson Bassham (CBB) carbon fixation, iron, and sulfur oxidation, as well as nitrate reduction, occurred in both MAGs. However, genes for hydrogen oxidation and multicopper oxidases occurred in one MAG only, suggesting shared and specific potential functions for these two novel Zetaproteobacteria symbiotic lineages. Overall, we observed highly similar symbionts co-existing in a single shrimp at both the basaltic TAG and ultramafic Rainbow vent sites. Nevertheless, further examination of the seeming functional redundancy among these epibionts revealed important differences. Conclusion These data highlight microniche partitioning in the Rimicaris holobiont and support recent studies showing that functional diversity enables multiple symbiont strains to coexist in animals colonizing hydrothermal vents.

Hydrothermal vents near a mantle hot spot: the Lucky Strike vent field at 37°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

1997 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Langmuir ◽  
S. Humphris ◽  
D. Fornari ◽  
C. Van Dover ◽  
K. Von Damm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge

A novel eye in 'eyeless' shrimp from hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Nature ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 337 (6206) ◽  
pp. 458-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Lee Van Dover ◽  
Ete Z. Szuts ◽  
Steven C. Chamberlain ◽  
J. R. Cann
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge

scholarly journals A dual symbiosis shared by two mussel species, Bathymodiolus azoricus and Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae), from hydrothermal vents along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1441-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien Duperron ◽  
Claudia Bergin ◽  
Frank Zielinski ◽  
Anna Blazejak ◽  
Annelie Pernthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Mussel Species ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge
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