Identification of gibberellin A9 methyl ester as a natural substance regulating formation of reproductive organs in Lygodium japonicum

Planta ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisakazu Yamane ◽  
Nobutaka Takahashi ◽  
Kiyotoshi Takeno ◽  
Masaki Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Natural Substance ◽  
Lygodium Japonicum

scholarly journals Metabolism of GA9 methyl ester in a culture of prothallia of Lygodium japonicum.

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio SATO ◽  
Hisakazu YAMANE ◽  
Masatomo KOBAYASHI ◽  
Isomaro YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Nobutaka TAKAHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Lygodium Japonicum

Synthesis and Structure Determination of Gibberellin-Derived Antheridiogens From Fern Gametophytes of the Lygodium Genus

1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Furber ◽  
P Kraftklaunzer ◽  
LN Mander ◽  
M Pour ◽  
T Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Hydroxy Derivative ◽  
Radical Bromination ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
Lygodium Japonicum ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Fern Gametophytes

Two successful and two unsuccessful synthetic routes are described for the conversion of commercially available fungal gibberellins to the antheridiogen GA73 methyl ester (5), originally isolated from gametophytes of the fern Lygodium japonicum. The more efficient route began with the Birch reduction of either the GA7 derivative (31) or methyl gibberellate 3,13-dimesylate (32) to give the ∆1(10),16-diene acid (33), which was converted into the ∆1,9-diene acid (40) by means of a four step procedure. This intermediate could be selectively hydrogenated to the ∆9-ene derivative which underwent iodolactonization and then elimination of HI to afford enone (29), Wittig methylenation of which furnished the target antheridiogen (5). In addition, (29) was functionalized at C12 by free radical bromination to give access to the 12β-hydroxy derivative of (5), i.e. (6), a new antheridiogen isolated from Lygodium circinnatum.

Biological Activities of the Methyl Ester of Gibberellin A73, a Novel and Principal Antheridiogen in Lygodium japonicum

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyotoshi Takeno ◽  
Hisakazu Yamane ◽  
Tadayuki Yamauchi ◽  
Nobutaka Takahashi ◽  
Mark Furber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Lygodium Japonicum

Synthesis of GA73 methyl ester, a potent gibberellin-derived antheridiogen from gametophytes of the fern lygodium japonicum

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (43) ◽  
pp. 6235-6238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Kraft-Klaunzer ◽  
Mark Furber ◽  
Lewis N. Mander ◽  
Bruce Twitchin
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Lygodium Japonicum

Ultrastructural aspects of gymnosperms reproductive organs tissues due to their functional condition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
G. M. Kozubov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Tetrad Stage ◽  
Ubisch Bodies ◽  
Similar Organization ◽  
Female Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Metabolic Activity

The ultrastructure of reproductive organs of pine, spruce, larch and ginkgo was investigated. It was found that the male reproductive organs possess similar organization. The most considerable change in the ultrastructure of the microsporocytes occur in meiosis. Sporoderm is being laid at the late tetrad stage. The cells of the male gameto-phyte are distinguished according to the metabolic activity of the or- ganells. They are most weakly developed in the spermiogenic cell. Ta-petum of the gymnosperms is of the periplasmodic - secretorial type. The Ubisch bodies which possess similar structure in the types investigated but are specific in details in different species are produced in tapetum.Parietal and subepidermal layers are distinguished for their high metabolic activity and are capable of the autonomous photosynthesis. Female reproductive organs differ more greatly in their struture and have the most complicated structure in primitive groups. On the first stages of their formation the inner cells of nucellus are transformed into the nucellar tapetum in which the structures similar to the Ubisch bodies taking part in the formation of the sporoderm of female gametophyte have been found.

Pelvic Impairments

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
James Talmage ◽  
Jay Blaisdell
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Ring ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Pelvic Fractures ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Impact Event ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Rating Process ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Pelvic fractures are relatively uncommon, and in workers’ compensation most pelvic fractures are the result of an acute, high-impact event such as a fall from a roof or an automobile collision. A person with osteoporosis may sustain a pelvic fracture from a lower-impact injury such as a minor fall. Further, major parts of the bladder, bowel, reproductive organs, nerves, and blood vessels pass through the pelvic ring, and traumatic pelvic fractures that result from a high-impact event often coincide with damaged organs, significant bleeding, and sensory and motor dysfunction. Following are the steps in the rating process: 1) assign the diagnosis and impairment class for the pelvis; 2) assign the functional history, physical examination, and clinical studies grade modifiers; and 3) apply the net adjustment formula. Because pelvic fractures are so uncommon, raters may be less familiar with the rating process for these types of injuries. The diagnosis-based methodology for rating pelvic fractures is consistent with the process used to rate other musculoskeletal impairments. Evaluators must base the rating on reliable data when the patient is at maximum medical impairment and must assess possible impairment from concomitant injuries.

The Effect of Some Synthetic Arginyl and Lysyl Compounds on Clotting and Fibrinolysis

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J Weinstein ◽  
R. F Doolittle
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Thrombin Activation

SummaryThe effects of a number of synthetic arginyl- and lysyl-compounds on clotting and fibrinolysis have been studied. The lysyl derivatives had no significant effect on the clotting of recalcified plasma or recalcified euglobulin preparations, but tosyllysine (TL) and tosyllysine methyl ester (TLME) were very effective inhibitors of fibrinolysis. Certain arginyl-peptides (in particular, tosylarginylsarcosine methyl ester) were very effective at delaying clotting in these systems. These same substances gave rise to an exaggerated thrombin production, however, evidently by interfering with the natural thrombin activation of plasma antithrombin(s).

Activity of Plasmin and Streptokinase-Activator on Substituted Arginine and Lysine Esters

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 018-031 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sherry ◽  
Norma Alkjaersig ◽  
A. P Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

SummaryComparative studies have been made of the esterase activity of plasmin and the streptokinase-activator of plasminogen on a variety of substituted arginine and lysine esters. Human plasmin preparations derived by different methods of activation (spontaneous in glycerol, trypsin, streptokinase (SK) and urokinase) are similar in their esterase activity; this suggests that the molecular structure required for such esterase activity is similar for all of these human plasmins. Bovine plasmin, on the other hand, differs from human plasmin in its activity on several of the substrates studied (e.g., the methyl esters of benzoyl arginine and tosyl, acetyl and carbobenzoxy lysine), a finding which supports the view that molecular differences exist between the two animal plasmins. The streptokinase-activator hydrolyzes both arginine and lysine esters but the ratios of hydrolytic activity are distinct from those of plasmin and of other activators of plasminogen. The use of benzoyl arginine methyl ester as a substrate for the measurement of the esterase activity of the streptokinase-activator is described.

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