The relationship between fruit growth and apical senescence in the G2 line of peas

Planta ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Gianfagna ◽  
Peter J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Growth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Apical Senescence

scholarly journals Localised and non-localised promotion of fruit development by seeds in Arabidopsis

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Cox ◽  
Stephen M. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Pollen Tube Elongation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Silique Length

In Arabidopsis, as in the majority of flowering plants, developing seeds promote fruit growth. One method to investigate this interaction is to use plants with reduced seed set and determine the effect on fruit growth. Plants homozygous for a transgene designed to ectopically express a gene encoding a gibberellin-deactivating enzyme exhibit reduced pollen tube elongation, suggesting that the plant hormone gibberellin is required for this process. Reduced pollen tube growth causes reduced seed set and decreased silique (fruit) size, and this genotype is used to explore the relationship between seed set and fruit elongation. A detailed analysis of seed set in the transgenic line reveals that reduced pollen tube growth decreases the probability of each ovule being fertilised. This effect becomes progressively more severe as the distance between the stigma and the ovule increases, revealing the complex biology underlying seed fertilisation. In terms of seed-promoted fruit growth, major localised and minor non-localised components that contribute to final silique length can be identified. This result demonstrates that despite the relatively small size of the fruit and associated structures, Arabidopsis can be used as a model to investigate fundamental questions in fruit physiology.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of Two Expansin Genes in Developing Fruit of Cracking-susceptible and -resistant Litchi Cultivars

2006 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Yong ◽  
Lu Wangjin ◽  
Li Jianguo ◽  
Jiang Yueming
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Rapid Amplification ◽  
Race Pcr ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Days After Anthesis

To understand the relationship between fruit cracking and gene expression patterns, we identified two expansin genes from litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit and then examined their expression profiles in pericarp and aril at different stages of fruit development, using the cracking-resistant cultivar Huaizhi and the cracking-susceptible cultivar Nuomici. Two full-length cDNAs of 1087 and 1010 base pairs encoding expansin, named LcExp1 and LcExp2, were isolated from expanding fruit using RT-PCR and RACE-PCR (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) methods. LcExp1 mRNA could be detected from the early stage of fruit rapid growth (59 days after anthesis). The LcExp1 mRNA increased and reached to the highest level at the end of growth phase (80 days after anthesis) in pericarp of `Huaizhi', while the mRNA could be detected at the stage of rapid fruit growth, then increased slightly and finally kept remained almost constant in the pericarp of `Nuomici'. Similar accumulation of LcExp2 mRNA was observed in fruit aril of `Nuomici' and `Huaizhi', whereas LcExp2 accumulated only in pericarp of `Huaizhi' but did not appear in pericarp of `Nuomici'. The results indicate that expression of two expansin genes in litchi pericarp are closely associated with fruit growth and cracking.

scholarly journals Fruit Growth Stage Transitions in Two Mango Cultivars Grown in a Mediterranean Environment

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Alessandro Carella ◽  
Giuseppe Gianguzzi ◽  
Alessio Scalisi ◽  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Paolo Inglese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
The Relationship

Studying mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit development represents one of the most important aspects for the precise orchard management under non-native environmental conditions. In this work, precision fruit gauges were used to investigate important eco-physiological aspects of fruit growth in two mango cultivars, Keitt (late ripening) and Tommy Atkins (early-mid ripening). Fruit absolute growth rate (AGR, mm day−1), daily diameter fluctuation (ΔD, mm), and a development index given by their ratio (AGR/ΔD) were monitored to identify the prevalent mechanism (cell division, cell expansion, ripening) involved in fruit development in three (‘Tommy Atkins’) or four (‘Keitt’) different periods during growth. In ‘Keitt’, cell division prevailed over cell expansion from 58 to 64 days after full bloom (DAFB), while the opposite occurred from 74 to 85 DAFB. Starting at 100 DAFB, internal changes prevailed over fruit growth, indicating the beginning of the ripening stage. In Tommy Atkins (an early ripening cultivar), no significant differences in AGR/ΔD was found among monitoring periods, indicating that both cell division and expansion coexisted at gradually decreasing rates until fruit harvest. To evaluate the effect of microclimate on fruit growth the relationship between vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and ΔD was also studied. In ‘Keitt’, VPD was the main driving force determining fruit diameter fluctuations. In ‘Tommy Atkins’, the lack of relationship between VPD and ΔD suggest a hydric isolation of the fruit due to the disruption of xylem and stomatal flows starting at 65 DAFB. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

The relationship of number and position of seeds to fruit size and curvature in Capsicum annuum L.

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-510
Author(s):  
R. N. McArdle
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Fruit curvature is a trait which has been little investigated by botanists and horticulturists. The degree to which a fruit is curved can be accounted for intuitively in cases where there are no physical barriers to normal fruit growth, such as obstruction by plant parts or the soil surface. The curvature of pendant, unobstructed fruit, as in the Solanaceae, has received limited discussion in the literature.

scholarly journals Fruit growth and sink strength in olive (Olea europaea) are related to cell number, not to tissue size

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Adolfo Rosati ◽  
Silvia Caporali ◽  
Sofiene B. M. Hammami ◽  
Inmaculada Moreno-Alías ◽  
Hava Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Olive Cultivar ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Tissue Size ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between tissue (mesocarp and endocarp) growth and either tissue initial (i.e. in the ovary at bloom) size or cell number was studied using the olive cultivar Leccino (L) and its mutated clone (LC), which produces tetraploid fruits. LC ovaries were 2.7 times the volume of L ovaries, but contained an overall similar number of much larger cells. This allowed decoupling cell number and ovary size, which are normally closely correlated. With this decoupling, cell number in the ovary correlated with tissue growth in the fruit while tissue size in the ovary did not. Cell size in the ovary was inversely correlated with the tissue relative growth from bloom to harvest (i.e. the ratio between final and initial tissue size). These results support the hypothesis that cell number and not tissue size are related to fruit growth and sink strength, and that cell size in the ovary tissues is a good predictor of tissue growth, across cultivars and tissues, even when cell size is strongly affected by ploidy.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

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