The effects of temperature and IAA concentration on the latent period for IAA-induced rapid growth of Avena coleoptile segments

Planta ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Philipson ◽  
J. R. Hillman ◽  
M. B. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Avena Coleoptile ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Effects of temperature, drought, and gibberellin A4/7, and timing of treatment, on flowering in potted Piceaengelmannii and Piceaglauca grafts

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Timing Of Treatment ◽  
Spray Applications

Four experiments conducted over 2 years on potted 4- to 7-year-old Piceaengelmannii and 3-year-old Piceaglauca grafts compared the effectiveness of different temperature, drought, and gibberellin A4/7 treatment regimes for promotion of flowering. With the exception of one study in which trees were not properly preconditioned, heat treatment within a polyethylene–covered house (polyhouse) promoted profuse female and male flowering in previously root-pruned P. engelmannii grafts. The optimal daytime temperature of 22–25 °C in the polyhouse was well below the 30 °C temperature for Piceaabies suggested in the literature. Timing of heat treatment was critical. Few trees produced seed or pollen cones if moved indoors before the new shoots were at least 80% elongated, with 85–95% elongation being optimal. Drought also promoted flowering but only if applied outdoors while shoots were actively elongating. Response to these cultural practices was further enhanced by spray applications of gibberellin A4/7 during the rapid growth phase. Younger P. glauca grafts that were not root-pruned or sprayed with gibberellin A4/7 failed to respond to early drought and late heat treatments, but did so the following year when these adjunct treatments were given. Response of P. engelmannii grafts to retreatment indicates that alternate-year induction, with a year's rest for cone maturation and vegetative replenishment of shoots turned reproductive, is practical and will result in sustained abundant cone production in potted trees.

scholarly journals Seasonal Infection of the Weed Dyer's Woad by a Puccinia sp. Rust Used for Biocontrol, and Effects of Temperature on Basidiospore Production

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Flint ◽  
Sherman V. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Infection

Potted dyer's woad rosettes exposed to natural rust inoculum at field sites became infected when exposed from late April through early July, depending upon the location. The latent period between exposure and symptom expression varied from 9 to 54 weeks. The length of this latent period was unrelated to either the age of plants at exposure or the exposure period itself. The age of rosettes at the time of exposure did not affect the incidence of infection. Fall infection of potted rosettes occurred, but the incidence was low. When naturalized stands of woad were inoculated with teliosori, either fresh or dried, the incidence of infection was 58 to 76%, compared with 2 to 7% incidence in noninoculated plants. Basidiospores were readily produced from intact teliosori when suspended over water agar, with the highest rate of production between 3 and 6 h of incubation, at 10 to 20°C. The optimum temperature for basidiospore production over a 24-h period was 15°C, but they were produced at temperatures as low as 5°C, although not at 25°C. These lower-than-expected temperatures for spore production corroborate the field evidence that dyer's woad rust most actively infects in springtime, when temperatures are comparatively low and rainfall is more frequent.

scholarly journals FACTORS LIMITING BACTERIAL GROWTH

1939 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Hershey
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Satisfactory Agreement ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Mathematical Expressions

Simple assumptions have led to equations by which the latent period in multiplication and the bacterial numbers expected at any time during the phase of rapid growth may be predicted. Experimental data obtained under rather diverse conditions have given satisfactory agreement with calculated values. Since the mathematical expressions contain no arbitrary constants, more than accidental significance must be attached to this agreement. The hypotheses set forth appear completely to describe the early development of Bacterium coli and Bacterium dysenteriae in broth, without postulating differences other than size among individual cells, or cells obtained under different conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature on Sporulation and Latent Period of Colletotrichum Spp. Infecting Strawberry Fruit

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. T. King ◽  
L. V. Madden ◽  
M. A. Ellis ◽  
L. L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Over Time

Effects of temperature on sporulation of Colletotrichum acutatum, C. gloeosporioides, and C. fragariae, causes of anthracnose of strawberry, were determined in controlled-environment studies. Detached immature fruit were inoculated with a conidial suspension and incubated up to 36 days at constant temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°C. Latent period (time to first sporulation) depended on temperature and ranged from 2 to 3 days at 25°C to 6 to 17 days at 5°C. C. acutatum had a shorter latent period than the other species at 5 and 10°C; at higher temperatures, latent periods of the species were very similar. During the first 4 days of sporulation, there was an optimum-type relationship between the logarithm of conidia per fruit [log(Y)] and temperature, with maximum observed sporulation (generally 106 to 107 conidia per fruit) from 15 to 30°C. Sporulation increased over time at temperatures of 15°C and above. The greatest difference among the species was at 5 and 10°C, where tested C. acutatum isolates produced from 10 to 100 more conidia per fruit than the other species. Polynomial regression equations were used successfully to represent log(Y) as a function of temperature and incubation time. The rate of increase in sporulation over time was a function of temperature, with a predicted optimum of 22 to 26°C. Equations were validated by predicting sporulation of the three species infecting fruit attached to plants growing in controlled-environment chambers. Although the predictions tended to be slightly larger than observed, mean error [100(observed - predicted)/ observed] was only -0.7% (95% confidence interval: -2.4 to 1.0%).

Studies on the action of abscisic acid on IAA-induced rapid growth of Avena coleoptile segments

Planta ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Philipson ◽  
J. R. Hillman ◽  
M. B. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Avena Coleoptile
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