Guest commentary on the study: ?Lung cancer due to diesel soot particles in ambient air?? by W. St�ber and U. Abel

1996 ◽  
Vol 68 (S1) ◽  
pp. S1-S2 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kentner ◽  
U. Thielebeule
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Guest Commentary

scholarly journals Combustion characteristics of water-insoluble elemental and organic carbon in size selected ambient aerosol particles

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1905-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wittmaack
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soot Combustion ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Ambient Aerosol ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Inorganic Oxides ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Combustion of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) contained in ambient aerosol matter was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). To ease identification of the particles of interest and to avoid or at least reduce interaction with simultaneously sampled inorganic oxides and salts, the approach used in this work differed in two ways from commonly applied procedures. First, rather than using a mixture of particles of vastly different sizes, as in PM10 or PM2.5, aerosol matter was collected in a 5-stage impactor. Second, the water soluble fraction of the collected matter was removed prior to analysis. Diesel soot particles, which appeared in the well-known form of chain-type aggregates, constituted the major fraction of EC. In contrast, OC containing particles were observed in a variety of shapes, including a sizable amount of bioaerosol matter appearing mostly in the size range above about 1 µm. During heating in ambient air for 1h, diesel soot particles were found to be stable up to 470°C, but complete combustion occurred in a narrow temperature interval between about 480 and 510°C. After diesel soot combustion, minute quantities of "ash" were observed in the form of aggregated tiny particles with sizes less than 10 nm. These particles could be due to elemental or oxidic contaminants of diesel soot. Combustion of OC was observed over a wide range of temperatures, from well below 200°C to at least 500°C. Incompletely burnt bioaerosol matter was still found after heating to 600°C. The results imply that the EC fraction in aerosol matter can be overestimated significantly if the contribution of OC to a thermogram is not well separated.

scholarly journals Combustion characteristics of water-insoluble elemental and organic carbon in size selected ambient aerosol particles

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2247-2268 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wittmaack
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soot Combustion ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Ambient Aerosol ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Inorganic Oxides ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Combustion of elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) contained in ambient aerosol matter was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). To ease identification of the particles of interest and to avoid or at least reduce interaction with simultaneously sampled inorganic oxides and salts, the approach used in this work differed in two ways from commonly applied procedures. First, rather than using a mixture of particles of vastly different sizes, as in PM10 or PM2.5, aerosol matter was collected in a 5-stage impactor. Second, the water soluble fraction of the collected matter was removed prior to analysis. Diesel soot particles, which appeared in the well-known form of chain-type aggregates, constituted the major fraction of EC. In contrast, OC containing particles were observed in a variety of shapes, including a sizable amount of bioaerosol matter appearing mostly in the size range above about 1 µm. During heating in ambient air for 1 h, diesel soot particles were found to be stable up to 480°C, but complete combustion occurred in a narrow temperature interval between about 490 and 510°C. After diesel soot combustion, minute quantities of ''ash'' were observed in the form of aggregated tiny particles with sizes less than 10 nm. These particles could be due to elemental or oxidic contaminants of diesel soot. Combustion of OC was observed over a wide range of temperatures, from well below 200°C to at least 500°C. Incompletely burnt bioaerosol matter was still found after heating to 600°C. The results imply that the EC fraction in aerosol matter can be overestimated significantly if the contribution of OC to a thermogram is not well separated.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF AIRBORNE DIESEL SOOT PARTICLES

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 421-422
Author(s):  
K.-H. NAUMANN ◽  
H. SAATHOFF ◽  
M. SCHNAITER ◽  
U. SCHURATH
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Soot Particles

Impact of multi-injection strategies on morphology, nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of diesel soot particles

2022 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 111854
Author(s):  
Xingyu Liang ◽  
Bowen Zhao ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Xu Lv ◽  
Yajun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Oxidation Reactivity ◽  
Injection Strategies

scholarly journals The Analysis in the Burden of Lung Cancer Attributable to PM2.5 Exposure in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiaomei wu ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
Yifei Bi ◽  
Shuang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Pm2.5 Exposure

Abstract Objective Air pollution is the major contributor of lung cancer mortality, we want to analyze the long-term trends and the differences in lung cancer burden attributable to PM2.5 exposure between ambient air pollution and household air pollution.Methods The indicators (mortality rate, disability-adjusted life years rate, years lived with disability rate, and years of life lost rate) of lung cancer burden were obtained from GBD 2017. The joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the magnitude and direction of trends from 1990 to 2017, and the age-period-cohort method was used to analyze the temporal trends of the indicators of lung cancer by age, period, and cohort.Results The age-standardized indicators showed an upward trend in ambient PM2.5 exposure (APE) and a downward trend in household PM2.5 exposure (HPE). The overall net drifts per year were above zero for APE and below zero for HPE, and the local drift values in APE and HPE increased by age groups. For the longitudinal age curves, the indicators of lung cancer burden for younger in APE or HPE were in a low level, and significantly increased from 45-49 age group to 90-94 age group. For the period RRs, the indicators of lung cancer burden in APE increased from 1990 to 2017, but decreased in HPE from 1990 to 2017. For the cohort RRs, the indicators of lung cancer burden in APE was on the upward trend before 1965, and fluctuated after from 1970 to 1990. The indicators of lung cancer burden in HPE was on the downward trend.Conclusions For lung cancer attributable to air pollution, China had changed from household air pollution to ambient air pollution. PM2.5 exposure had more harmful in male and older people. Ambient air pollution should be emphasized, China should strengthen implementation of effective public policies and other interventions.

VARIATIONS IN SOIL RADON LEVELS DURING WINTER AND SPRING PERIODS

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Sakhayaan Gavriliev ◽  
Tatiana Petrova ◽  
Petr Miklyaev ◽  
Nikolay Nefedov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Α Decay ◽  
Radon Flux ◽  
Significant Health

Abstract Radon poses significant health risk due to inhalation and subsequent α-decay of its progeny and is the second biggest cause of lung cancer worldwide. In Russian Federation, radon flux density (RFD) measurements are performed routinely to assess radon safety of land lots before construction takes place. This study aims to show possible ‘weather’-influenced variations in RFD and radon activity concentration (RAC) that can occur during winter and spring periods in climatic conditions typical for territories with severe snowy winters. Results show that RFD correlates with weather, having a significant correlation with ambient air temperature in winter as well as spring periods and a weak inverse correlation with wind speed. In spring, RFD also responds to an increase in soil moisture, dropping severely because of rainfall. RAC, however, correlates very little with weather but has a weak inverse correlation with RFD.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollution and lung cancer risk among never-smokers in the Womenʼs Health Initiative

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e076
Author(s):  
Shilpa N. Gowda ◽  
Anneclaire J. DeRoos ◽  
Rebecca P. Hunt ◽  
Amanda J. Gassett ◽  
Maria C. Mirabelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Never Smokers
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