Effect of soil characteristics on N mineralization capacity in 112 native and agricultural soils from the northwest of Spain

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Gonz�lez-Prieto ◽  
A. Cabaneiro ◽  
M. C. Villar ◽  
T. Carballas ◽  
M. Carballas
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Characteristics

Effect of soil characteristics on N mineralization capacity in 112 native and agricultural soils from the northwest of Spain

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
S. J. Gonz�lez-Prieto ◽  
A. Cabaneiro ◽  
M. C. Villar ◽  
M. Carballas ◽  
T. Carballas
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Characteristics

scholarly journals Nitrogen Availability in Biochar-Amended Soils with Excessive Compost Application

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Chi Tsai ◽  
Yu-Fang Chang
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Mineralization Potential ◽  
The Impact

Adding biochar to excessive compost amendments may affect compost mineralization rate and nitrogen (N) availability. The objective of this 371-day incubation study was to evaluate the effects of four proportions of woody biochar (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%) from lead tree (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de. Wit) biochar produced at 750 °C through dynamic mineral N and N mineralization rates in three rural soils (one Oxisol and two Inceptisols). In each treatment, 5% poultry–livestock manure compost was added to serve as an excessive application. The results indicated that the biochar decreased available total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) (NO3−-N+NH4+-N) by on average 6%, 9% and 19% for 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% treatments, respectively. The soil type strongly influenced the impact of the biochar addition on the soil nitrogen mineralization potential, especially the soil pH and clay content. This study showed that the co-application of biochar and excessive compost benefited the agricultural soils by improving NO3−-N retention in agroecosystems. The application of biochar to these soils to combine it with excessive compost appeared to be an effective method of utilizing these soil amendments, as it diminished the net N mineralization potential and reduced the nitrate loss of the excessive added compost.

scholarly journals HEAVY METALS POLLUTION OF WHEAT FIELDS (SOIL AND LEAVES) SAMPLED FROM BASRAH AND MAYSAN PROVINCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
Qusai Hattab MADHI ◽  
Mohammed Hamza ABASS ◽  
Abdulnabi Abdul Ameer MATROOD
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
Wheat Leaves

This study was conducted to estimate the level of some heavy metals, mainly Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) in the soil and wheat leaves of some wheat fields in Basra and Maysan province; the sampling areas were Al-Qurna, Al-Madinah, Al-Amara, Kumit, Ali Al-Sharqi, and Ali Al-Gharbi. It was performed the analysis using the Flame Atomic Spectrophotometer. The results indicated an increase in the concentrations of above mentioned these heavy metals in all examined areas; the levels in agricultural soils were found to be exceeding the internationally permissible limits according to EU-2000 standards, the highest levels of pollution were observed at Al- Qurna site with significant differences than other sites for both available and total HMs concentrations in soils. Indicating that the arrangement of the metals according to their available concentrations in the analyzed soil was as follows: lead (21.32 )˃ cobalt (14.63) ˃ chromium (11.06) ˃ cadmium (1.15) as mg/Kg of soil. Additionally, results showed that the highest lead content in the wheat leaves was examined in the Qurna fields (0.175 mg/kg), followed by Amara with a concentration of 0.136 mg/kg. The lowest concentration of lead was observed in wheat leaves in the Kumit fields (0.007 mg/kg). In terms of Cd concentration in wheat leaves, the highest level was observed in Al-Qurna, with a significant difference from other fields, reaching 0.009 mg/kg. The lowest concentration of this HM was recorded in Ali Al-Gharbi, which reached 0.002 mg/kg. The results of the correlation between the available concentration of heavy metals elements and soil characteristics revealed a significant correlation between the soil pH and lead, cadmium, and chromium available concentrations, whereas no correlation with cobalt and a significant correlation between soil EC and lead was observed and a highly significant negative correlation with the cobalt. Results proved the high levels of pollution in all examined areas in Basra and Maysan provinces.

scholarly journals Effect of iron oxide on nitrification in two agricultural soils with different pH

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueru Huang ◽  
Xia Zhu-Barker ◽  
William R. Horwath ◽  
Sarwee J. Faeflen ◽  
Hongyan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
N Transformations ◽  
Fe Oxide ◽  
High Ph ◽  
N Transformation ◽  
Transformation Rates

Abstract. Iron (Fe) affects soil nitrogen (N) cycling processes both in anoxic and oxic environments. The role of Fe on soil N transformations such as mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification depends on its redox activity, which can be regulated by soil pH. We hypothesized that the effect of Fe oxide on N transformation processes would be different in soils as a function of pH. This study aimed to investigate N mineralization-immobilization, especially nitrification, as affected by Fe oxide in soils with different pH. A set of lab incubations under 100 % water holding capacity were carried out to investigate the effect of Fe oxide on N transformation rates in two subtropical agricultural soils with a low pH (pH 5.1) and a high pH (pH 7.8). 15N-labelled ammonium and nitrate were used separately to determine N transformation rates combined with Fe oxide (ferrihydrite) addition. Iron oxide addition stimulated net nitrification in the low pH soil (pH 5.1), while the opposite occurred in the high pH soil (pH 7.8). An explanation for this could be at low pH, Fe oxide increased NH3-N availability by stimulating N mineralization and inhibiting N immobilization. These results suggested that Fe oxide plays an important role in N transformations in soil ecosystem, and the effect of Fe oxide on N transformations depends on soil pH.

Dispersion of 226Ra in a Contaminated Environment

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. de Bettencourt ◽  
M.M.G.R. Texeira ◽  
M.J. Madruga ◽  
M.C. Faisca (INVITED)
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract A radium salts extraction factory was established in Portugal in 1908 in the northeastern part of the country. It was abandoned in the forties and is now in ruins. Wastes (mainly sands) highly contaminated with 226Ra were left near these ruins. Measurements were performed to evaluate the extent of the contamination due to the dispersion of radium around this site, using portable Gieger tube equipment as well as by gamma spectrometry analyses of soil samples. Vertical profiles of soil were taken to a depth of about 40 cm, and 5 cm sections were analysed by gamma spectrometry to evaluate the vertical distribution of 226Ra and 210Pb. Some soil characteristics, such as pH, organic matter and exchangeable calcium and radium were also analysed. The dispersion of radium seems to be mostly due to the removal of contaminated wastes by mechanical means, although some leaching may have occurred. Laboratory experiments were also conducted on sandy and agricultural soils to study the leaching of 226Ra and 210Pb with rainwater and to help explain the results obtained in the field study. The observed influence of different parameters on this leaching are briefly discussed. Vegetables grown on these soils (mainly cabbage) were analysed for their content of 226Ra and 210Pb in order to calculate concentration factors. For 226Ra, these range from about 7 x 10-3 to 7 x 10-2. For 210Pb, they range from about 10-3 to 2 x 10-2.

scholarly journals Evaluation of phosphate sorption capacity and external phosphorus requirement of some agricultural soils of the southwestern Ethiopian highlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Berhanu Dinssa ◽  
Eyasu Elias
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Ethiopian Highlands ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
P Sorption Capacity

<span>One of the most soil fertility management problems for crop production on acidic soils of the Ethiopian highlands is phosphorus fixation. The research was executed to assess the P-sorption capacity and to determine the external P requirement of different acidic soils in the Southwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Phosphorus sorption capacity (Kf) and its relation with selected soil characteristics were assessed for some major agricultural soils in the Ethiopian highlands to answer the questions, ‘What are the amount of P-sorption capacity and external P requirement of Nitisols, Luvisols, Alisols, and Andosols in Ethiopia?’. Twelve surface soil samples (at depth of 0-30 cm) were gathered and the P-sorption capacity was estimated. Phosphorus-sorption data were obtained by equilibrating 1 g of the 12 soil samples with 25 ml of KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> in 0.01 M CaCl2, having 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, and 330 mg P L<sup>-1</sup> for 24 hours. The data were adjusted to the Freundlich adsorption model and the relationship among P-sorption and soil characteristics was established by correlation analysis.  Clay content and exchangeable acidity, organic matter, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> oxides have affected phosphorus-sorption at a significance level of (P &lt; 0.05).  Alisols had the highest Kf value (413 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) but Nitisols had the lowest Kf (280 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>). The external phosphorus fertilizer requirement of the soils was in the order of 25, 30, 32, and 26 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup> for Nitisols, Luvisols, Alisols, and Andosols sequentially. The Kf varies among different soil types of the study area. The magnitude of the soil’s Kf was affected by the pH of the soil, soil OM content, and oxides of Fe and Al. Therefore, knowledge of the soils’ P retention capacity is highly crucial to determine the correct rate of P </span><span>fertilizer</span><span> for crop production.</span>

How does measuring methodology impact N mineralization in controlled conditions and relations to soil biological parameters: air dried versus fresh soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oka Ardiana Banaty ◽  
Koen Willekens ◽  
Stefaan De Neve
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Aerobic Incubation ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
N Mineralization Potential

&lt;p&gt;Predictions of N mineralization are still difficult but maybe this is due to the methodologies. Many soil tests have been proposed to predict N mineralization between field and laboratory experiment. Incubations of soil in the laboratory under controlled environmental conditions are most commonly used to assess N mineralization rates both from SOM and from added organic materials. However, predicting N mineralization due to the methods (the impact of using air-dried and fresh soil) has never been assessed before. If the results differ between the methods commonly used, there is a serious problem. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the incubation methods (air-dried vs fresh soil) to predict N mineralization. The N mineralization potential from fifteen agricultural soils in West and East Flanders &amp;#8211; Belgium, were determined by aerobic incubation methods used air-dried and fresh soil at (20 &amp;#8211; 25&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;C) for 84-days in the laboratory. The results indicated that total mineral nitrogen (NH4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; + NO3&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;) concentrations and carbon content of microbial biomass (MBC) did not differ significantly between these methods. Nitrogen was mineralized in fresh soil incubations (0.36 mg N. kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; soil day &lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) while in air-dried soil (0.31 mg N kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; soil day &lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). Thus, the results generate that it may be conceivable to predict N mineralization by these two methods in controlled conditions.&lt;/p&gt;

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