Spawn predation and larval growth inhibition as mechanisms for niche separation in anurans

Oecologia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Banks ◽  
T. J. C. Beebee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Niche Separation ◽  
Larval Growth Inhibition

Evidence for the induction of interference competition between anuran larvae in plastic pond cages

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Baker ◽  
Trevor J.C. Beebee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Interference Component ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

AbstractWe recently showed that growth inhibition of Bufo bufo larvae by those of Rana temporaria in garden ponds only occurred when the larvae were confined in plastic cages. We therefore carried out further experiments to investigate the mechanism of this growth inhibition. Bufo bufo larvae were raised in mesh cages, plastic cages or plastic cages with supplementary food either alone or in the presence of R. temporaria. Three lines of evidence suggested that competition in the plastic cages had an interference component: firstly, growth inhibition of B. bufo by R. temporaria was only seen in plastic cages despite the fact that these cages supported normal growth rates of B. bufo in the absence of R. temporaria; secondly, food supplementation in plastic cages did not reduce the extent of B. bufo growth inhibition; and thirdly Anurofeca (= Prototheca) richardsi production was high in plastic cages but not in other treatments and correlated negatively with subsequent B. bufo larval growth. Plastic cages supported a different trophic web from other treatments and biotic factors seem the most likely regulators of A. richardsi abundance in these pools.

scholarly journals Plumbagin, a Potent Naphthoquinone from Nepenthes Plants with Growth Inhibiting and Larvicidal Activities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Asifur Rahman-Soad ◽  
Alberto Dávila-Lara ◽  
Christian Paetz ◽  
Axel Mithöfer
Keyword(s):  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Larvicidal Activities ◽  
Larval Growth Inhibition ◽  
Growth Inhibiting ◽  
Different Tissues

Some plant species are less susceptible to herbivore infestation than others. The reason for this is often unknown in detail but is very likely due to an efficient composition of secondary plant metabolites. Strikingly, carnivorous plants of the genus Nepenthes show extremely less herbivory both in the field and in green house. In order to identify the basis for the efficient defense against herbivorous insects in Nepenthes, we performed bioassays using larvae of the generalist lepidopteran herbivore, Spodoptera littoralis. Larvae fed with different tissues from Nepenthes x ventrata grew significantly less when feeding on a diet containing leaf tissue compared with pitcher-trap tissue. As dominating metabolite in Nepenthes tissues, we identified a naphthoquinone, plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone). When plumbagin was added at different concentrations to the diet of S. littoralis larvae, an EC50 value for larval growth inhibition was determined with 226.5 µg g−1 diet. To further determine the concentration causing higher larval mortality, sweet potato leaf discs were covered with increasing plumbagin concentrations in no-choice-assays; a higher mortality of the larvae was found beyond 60 µg plumbagin per leaf, corresponding to 750 µg g−1. Plant-derived insecticides have long been proposed as alternatives for pest management; plumbagin and derivatives might be such promising environmentally friendly candidates.

Light-induced increase in the contents of ferulic and diferulic acids in cell walls of Avena coleoptiles: its relationship to growth inhibition by light

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Miyamoto ◽  
Junichi Ueda ◽  
Satomi Takeda ◽  
Kazuko Ida ◽  
Takayuki Hoson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Cell Walls

Larval Behavior and Protective Implications for Sea Scallops and Surf Clams within the Middle Atlantic Bight: Part Two, Variability of Physical Environment and Larval Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Larval Behavior ◽  
Larval Release ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Middle Atlantic ◽  
Sea Scallops

Larval growth and settlement rates are important larval behaviors for larval protections. The variability of larval growthsettlement rates and physical conditions for 2006-2012 and in the future with potential climate changes was studied using the coupling ROMS-IMBs, and new temperature and current indexes. Forty-four experimental cases were conducted for larval growth patterns and release mechanisms, showing the spatial, seasonal, annual, and climatic variations of larval growthsettlement rates and physical conditions, demonstrating that the slight different larval temperature-adaption and larval release strategies made difference in larval growth-settlement rates, and displaying that larval growth and settlement rates highly depended upon physical conditions and were vulnerable to climate changes.

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