A Sm-Nd isotopic study of 500 Ma old oceanic crust in the Variscan belt of Western Europe: the Chamrousse ophiolite complex, Western Alps (France)

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pin ◽  
F. Carme
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Variscan Belt ◽  
Isotopic Study ◽  
Ophiolite Complex

scholarly journals Direct dating reveals the early history of opium poppy in western Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Salavert ◽  
Antoine Zazzo ◽  
Lucie Martin ◽  
Ferran Antolín ◽  
Caroline Gauthier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Macrobotanical Remains ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temperate Europe ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Botanical Remains

AbstractThis paper aims to define the first chrono-cultural framework on the domestication and early diffusion of the opium poppy using small-sized botanical remains from archaeological sites, opening the way to directly date minute short-lived botanical samples. We produced the initial set of radiocarbon dates directly from the opium poppy remains of eleven Neolithic sites (5900–3500 cal BCE) in the central and western Mediterranean, northwestern temperate Europe, and the western Alps. When possible, we also dated the macrobotanical remains originating from the same sediment sample. In total, 22 samples were taken into account, including 12 dates directly obtained from opium poppy remains. The radiocarbon chronology ranges from 5622 to 4050 cal BCE. The results show that opium poppy is present from at least the middle of the sixth millennium in the Mediterranean, where it possibly grew naturally and was cultivated by pioneer Neolithic communities. Its dispersal outside of its native area was early, being found west of the Rhine in 5300–5200 cal BCE. It was introduced to the western Alps around 5000–4800 cal BCE, becoming widespread from the second half of the fifth millennium. This research evidences different rhythms in the introduction of opium poppy in western Europe.

Environment and subsistence in north-western Europe during the Younger Dryas: An isotopic study of the human of Rhünda (Germany)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 690-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothée G. Drucker ◽  
Wilfried Rosendahl ◽  
Wim Van Neer ◽  
Mara-Julia Weber ◽  
Irina Görner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Isotopic Study ◽  
North Western

Volcanic evolution of oceanic crust in a Late Ordovician back-arc basin: The Solund-Stavfjord Ophiolite Complex, West Norway

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Furnes ◽  
Helge Hellevang ◽  
Bjarte Hellevang ◽  
Kjell Petter Skjerlie ◽  
Brian Robins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Ophiolite Complex ◽  
Volcanic Evolution ◽  
Back Arc

scholarly journals Out-of-phase Late Pleistocene glacial maxima in the Western Alps reflect past changes in North Atlantic atmospheric circulation

Geology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natacha Gribenski ◽  
Pierre G. Valla ◽  
Frank Preusser ◽  
Thibault Roattino ◽  
Christian Crouzet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
European Alps

Paleoglacier reconstructions in the northern and southern forelands of the European Alps indicate a synchronous Late Pleistocene glacial maximum during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2, in phase with global ice volume records. However, strong controversy remains for the western foreland, where scarce and indirect dating as well as modeling studies suggest glacial maxima out of phase with the rest of the Alps. New luminescence dating brings the first direct Late Pleistocene glacial chronology for the western Alpine foreland and reveals two major glacier advances of similar maximum extent, at ca. 75–60 and ca. 40–30 ka, coinciding with MIS 4 and late MIS 3. We propose that asynchrony in glacial maxima between the western and the northern and southern Alpine forelands results from a progressive spatial reorganization of the atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic in response to Northern Hemisphere ice-sheet fluctuations. While such a feedback mechanism has emerged from general circulation models, our Late Pleistocene paleoglacial reconstruction permits tracking of the spatiotemporal evolution of moisture advection patterns over Western Europe.

Tectonostratigraphy of the northern Monviso Meta-ophiolite Complex (Western Alps)

2014 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianni Balestro ◽  
Bruno Lombardo ◽  
Gloria Vaggelli ◽  
Alessandro Borghi ◽  
Andrea Festa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Alps ◽  
Ophiolite Complex

New gravitational evidence for the subsurface extent of oceanic crust in north-central Newfoundland

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Miller ◽  
E. R. Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ophiolite Complex ◽  
Southern Boundary ◽  
North Central ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Bouguer Anomalies ◽  
Plate Margin

Gravity has been measured at 226 locations having a mean spacing of 2.5 km in the area of western Notre Dame Bay, in north-central Newfoundland. The data reveal that the observed steep seaward positive gradients of the Bouguer anomalies previously found on eastern Notre Dame Bay continue to coastal areas of western Notre Dame Bay. This belt of large gradients correlates spatially with the trace of the Chanceport – Lobster Cove Fault, which is the southern boundary of this belt of ophiolitic and island arc rocks (Belts Cove Ophiolite Complex) on the Burlington peninsula, which forms the basement of this belt. The observed anomalies may represent the gravity signature of a Paleozoic lithospheric plate margin, but a test of this possibility must await data from the bay itself.Interpretation of four profiles, using density data from rock samples and two-dimensional models, leads to the conclusion that oceanic crustal material similar to that found on Notre Dame Bay, zone D, continues inland beneath parts of zones C and E to 5–10 km maximum depth. The interpretation also suggests the desirability of establishing a subzone on the Burlington peninsula.

Geodetic deformation rates and driving processes in metropolitan France and neighboring Western Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Mazzotti ◽  
Juliette Grosset ◽  
Christine Masson ◽  
Philippe Vernant
Keyword(s):  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Western Alps ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Normal Extension ◽  
Isostatic Adjustment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Aquitaine Basin ◽  
Rhone Valley

<p>We constrain present-day deformation rates and styles in metropolitan France and neighboring Western Europe using a dataset of ca. 1200 GNSS horizontal and vertical velocities from continuous and semi-continuous stations. The characterization and correction of network-scale common-mode noise, combined with two independent network analysis technics allow the resolution of very small horizontal velocities (resp. strain rates) with a 95% confidence ca. 0.1–0.2 mm/yr (resp. ca. 1 x 10<sup>-9</sup> yr<sup>-9</sup>) on a spatial scale of 100–200 km. The resulting velocity and strain rate fields show regional coherent patterns that can be associated with features that have been previously identified (e.g., orogen-normal extension in the Pyrenees and Western Alps), but also with new deformation patterns such as North-South shortening in northeastern France - southwestern Germany north of the Alpine Front (Vosges - Rhine Graben - Black Forest). A joint analysis of these new geodetic data with seismicity and focal mechanism catalogs allows the definition of regional seismo-tectonic models that can be compared with the numerous models of deformation processes proposed for Western Europe, from plate tectonics to erosion or Glacial Isostatic Adjustment. We show that plate and micro-plate tectonics play a minor (probably negligible) role in present-day deformation in metropolitan France and that alternative non-tectonic processes must be considered to better understand the origin of recent moderate earthquakes such as the March 2019 Ml=4.9 Montendre earthquake in the Aquitaine Basin or the Nov. 2019 Mw=4.8 Teil earthquake in the Rhone Valley.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document