Effects of the bispyridinium compounds HGG12, HGG42, and obidoxime on synaptic transmission and NAD(P)H-fluorescence in the superior cervical ganglion of the rat in vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diethelm M. Kirsch ◽  
Nikolaus Weger
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Ganglion

scholarly journals Nerve Fibers Containing Neuropeptide Y in the Cerebrovascular Bed: Immunocytochemistry, Radioimmunoassay, and Vasomotor Effects

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Edvinsson ◽  
J. R. Copeland ◽  
P. C. Emson ◽  
J. McCulloch ◽  
R. Uddman
Keyword(s):  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Superior Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Calcium Entry Blocker ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Perivascular nerve fibers containing neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity were identified around cerebral blood vessels of human, cat, guinea pig, rat, and mouse. The major cerebral arteries were invested by dense plexuses; veins, small arteries, and arterioles were accompanied by few fibers. Removal of the superior cervical ganglion resulted in a reduction of NPY-like material in pial vessels and dura mater. Pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine or reserpine reduced the number of visible NPY fibers and the concentration of NPY in rat cerebral vessels. Sequential immuno-staining with antibodies toward dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) (an enzyme involved in the synthesis of noradrenaline) and NPY revealed an identical localization of DBH and NPY in nerve cell bodies in the superior cervical ganglion and in perivascular fibers of pial blood vessels, suggesting their coexistence. Administration of NPY in vitro resulted in concentration-dependent contractions that were not modified by a sympathectomy. The contractions induced by noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and prostaglandin F2α and the dilator responses to calcitonin gene-related peptide were not modified by NPY in rat cerebral arteries. However, the constrictor response to NPY was reduced by 70% in the presence of the calcium entry blocker nifedipine, and abolished following incubation in a calcium-free buffer. These data suggest an interaction of NPY at a postsynaptic site, which for induction of contraction may open calcium channels in the sarcolemma of cerebral arteries.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DEPRIVATION OF GLUCOSE ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION OF THE RAT IN VITRO

1966 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nicolescu ◽  
M. Dolivo ◽  
C. Rouiller ◽  
C. Foroglou-Kerameus
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Glucose Deprivation ◽  
Axonal Conduction ◽  
Electrophysiological Measurements ◽  
Cervical Ganglion ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Ultrastructure And Function ◽  
And Function

The superior cervical sympathetic ganglion of the rat kept in vitro in a bicarbonate-buffered Krebs' solution retains its capacity for synaptic transmission and axonal conduction during more than 36 hr. After glucose withdrawal, synaptic transmission is lost in 2½ hr and this loss is irreversible; on the other hand, axonal conduction can still be measured on the postganglionic nerve for more than 24 hr after glucose deprivation. Electrophysiological measurements as well as electron microscope studies revealed specific changes at the level of the presynaptic terminal processes, while the ganglion cells and the satellite cells remained relatively unaltered. The presynaptic lesion due to lack of glucose can be prevented by keeping the preparation in vitro at 6°C. This strongly suggests that this lesion results from a major disturbance of the metabolism of the presynaptic fibers.

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