Time-resolved studies of the dynamic behavior of the tendon fibers (chordae tendineae) of the human mitral valve

1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
D. Christmann ◽  
W. Folkhard ◽  
E. Kn�rzer ◽  
E. Mosler ◽  
Th. Nemetschek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Time Resolved

scholarly journals Biomechanical-Structural Correlation of Chordae tendineae in Animal Models: A Pilot Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Justyn Gach ◽  
Izabela Janus ◽  
Agnieszka Mackiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Klekiel ◽  
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Structural Correlation ◽  
Ring Valve

The mitral valve apparatus is a complex structure consisting of the mitral ring, valve leaflets, papillary muscles and chordae tendineae (CT). The latter are mainly responsible for the mechanical functions of the valve. Our study included investigations of the biomechanical and structural properties of CT collected from canine and porcine hearts, as there are no studies about these properties of canine CT. We performed a static uniaxial tensile test on CT samples and a histopathological analysis in order to examine their microstructure. The results were analyzed to clarify whether the changes in mechanical persistence of chordae tendineae are combined with the alterations in their structure. This study offers clinical insight for future research, allowing for an understanding of the process of chordae tendineae rupture that happens during degenerative mitral valve disease—the most common heart disease in dogs.

Time-Resolved DPIV Analysis of Vortex Dynamics in a Left Ventricular Model Through Bileaflet Mechanical and Porcine Heart Valve Prostheses

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Pierrakos ◽  
Pavlos P. Vlachos ◽  
Demetri P. Telionis
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Vortical Structures ◽  
Jude Medical ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Valve Prostheses ◽  
Physical Phenomena

The performance of the heart after a mitral valve replacement operation greatly depends on the flow character downstream of the valve. The design and implanting orientation of valves may considerably affect the flow development. A study of the hemodynamics of two orientations, anatomical and anti-anatomical, of the St. Jude Medical (SJM) bileaflet valve are presented and compared with those of the SJM Biocor porcine valve, which served also to represent the natural valve. We document the velocity field in a flexible, transparent (LV) using time-resolved digital particle image velocimetry (TRDPIV). Vortex formation and vortex interaction are two important physical phenomena that dominate the filling and emptying of the ventricle. For the three configurations, the following effects were examined: mitral valve inlet jet asymmetry, survival of vortical structures upstream of the aortic valve, vortex-induced velocities and redirection of the flow in abidance of the Biot–Savart law, domain segmentation, resonant times of vortical structures, and regions of stagnant flow. The presence of three distinct flow patterns, for the three configurations, was identified by the location of vortical structures and level of coherence corresponding to a significant variation in the turbulence level distribution inside the LV. The adverse effect of these observations could potentially compromise the efficiency of the LV and result in flow patterns that deviate from those in the natural heart.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in Valvular Heart Diseases: Biological Regulators, Prognostic Markers and Therapeutical Targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12132
Author(s):  
Francesco Nappi ◽  
Adelaide Iervolino ◽  
Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh ◽  
Massimo Chello
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases

miRNAs have recently attracted investigators’ interest as regulators of valvular diseases pathogenesis, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutical targets. Evidence from in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrated stimulatory or inhibitory roles in mitral valve prolapse development, aortic leaflet fusion, and calcification pathways, specifically osteoblastic differentiation and transcription factors modulation. Tissue expression assessment and comparison between physiological and pathological phenotypes of different disease entities, including mitral valve prolapse and mitral chordae tendineae rupture, emerged as the best strategies to address miRNAs over or under-representation and thus, their impact on pathogeneses. In this review, we discuss the fundamental intra- and intercellular signals regulated by miRNAs leading to defects in mitral and aortic valves, congenital heart diseases, and the possible therapeutic strategies targeting them. These miRNAs inhibitors are comprised of antisense oligonucleotides and sponge vectors. The miRNA mimics, miRNA expression vectors, and small molecules are instead possible practical strategies to increase specific miRNA activity. Advantages and technical limitations of these new drugs, including instability and complex pharmacokinetics, are also presented. Novel delivery strategies, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, are described to improve knowledge on future personalized treatment directions.

scholarly journals Optimizing P2 Neochordal Length and Stability in Mitral Valve Repair With Use of a Polypropylene Loop

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Anil Ozen ◽  
Ertekin Utku Unal ◽  
Hamdi Mehmet Ozbek ◽  
Gorkem Yigit ◽  
Hakki Zafer Iscan
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Severe Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Posterior Leaflet ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Optimal Length ◽  
Precise Method ◽  
Artificial Chordae

Determining the optimal length of artificial chordae tendineae and then effectively securing them is a major challenge in mitral valve repair. Our technique for measuring and stabilizing neochordae involves tying a polypropylene suture loop onto the annuloplasty ring. We used this method in 4 patients who had moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation from degenerative posterior leaflet (P2) prolapse and flail chordae. Results of intraoperative saline tests and postoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed only mild insufficiency. One month postoperatively, echocardiograms showed trivial regurgitation in all 4 patients. We think that this simple, precise method for adjusting and stabilizing artificial chordae will be advantageous in mitral valve repair.

Abstract 15523: Absence of Chordae Tendineae near Valve Coaptation Leads to Mitral Regurgitation in Lone Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Itabashi ◽  
Hirotsugu Mihara ◽  
Javier Berdejo ◽  
Hiroto Utsunomiya ◽  
Ken Matsuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Lone Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coaptation Line ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Mitral annuloplasty is performed to treat mitral valve regurgitation (MR) in lone atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The mechanisms of the significant MR in lone AF patients are not known well. We assessed the hypothesis that absence of chordae tendineae near the mitral valve (MV) coaptation could lead to the significant functional MR in the lone AF patients. Methods: We analyzed 64 patients with a history of AF with greater than 50 % of the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, and no organic abnormality of MV. Of these 31 has mild or lesser MR (AF Groups) and 33 has moderate or severe MR (AFMR Group). We also analyzed 33 sinus rhythm patients with normal echocardiographic findings (Sinus Group). Parameters concerning to MV morphology were measured with commercial software. Chordae attaching points (CAPs) nearest from the coaptation line were detected on the anterior mitral leaflet (Figure). Ratio of the length from CAP to coaptation line against that from anterior annulus to coaptation line was calculated as CAP-C/An-C ratio. Results: Mitral annular area (P < 0.05), leaflets surface area (P < 0.05), and CAP-C/An-C ratio (P < 0.05) were larger in the AFMR Group as compared with the AF Group (Table). With multivariate analysis, the correlation factor of significant MR in AF patients was increase in the CAP-C/An-C ratio (Odds ratio (per 1 % increase) = 1.70; p <0.05). Conclusion: The absence of chordae tendineae near the coaptation line represented by larger CAP-C/An-C ratio is related to the functional MR in AF patients with normal LV function.

scholarly journals Study of the traction resistance of mitral valve chordae tendineae

Clinics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Lafraia Lobo ◽  
Flávio Roberto Takeda ◽  
Carlos Manuel de Almeida Brandão ◽  
Domingo Marcolino Braile ◽  
Fabio Biscegli Jatene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Chordae Tendineae

scholarly journals ELONGATION OF MITRAL VALVE CHORDAE TENDINEAE IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED LEAFLET SURFACE AREA IN PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE MITRAL REGURGITATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. A2024
Author(s):  
Kikuko Obase ◽  
Lynn Weinert ◽  
Andrew Hollatz ◽  
Farhan Farooqui ◽  
Joseph Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Chordae Tendineae

scholarly journals Clinical results of mitral valve repair by reconstructing artificial chordae tendineae in children

1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Matsumoto ◽  
Hideaki Kado ◽  
Munetaka Masuda ◽  
Yuichi Shiokawa ◽  
Kouji Fukae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Repair ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Valve Repair ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Artificial Chordae

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Annuloplasty on Mitral Valve Chordae Tendineae Forces to Supplement Surgical Planning Model Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Siefert ◽  
Jean-Pierre M. Rabbah ◽  
Eric L. Pierce ◽  
Karyn S. Kunzelman ◽  
Ajit P. Yoganathan
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Chordae Tendineae
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