Douglas-fir wood quality studies part I: Effects of age and stimulated growth on wood density and anatomy

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Erickson ◽  
A. Th. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Douglas Fir

Determination of relative economic weights for multitrait selection in coastal Douglas-fir

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1164-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A Aubry ◽  
W T Adams ◽  
Thomas D Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Branch Diameter ◽  
Economic Weights ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Multitrait Selection

Relationships between tree traits and tree value for lumber production were investigated. For the purposes of estimating relative economic weights for use in multitrait selection in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii), tree height, diameter at breast height, and branch diameter were measured on 164 trees (ages 36-66 years). Increment cores from a subsample (92) of these trees were assayed by X-ray densitometry to determine wood density. Bole volume was derived by summing the log volumes of all logs from each tree. Value of lumber recovered from each tree was determined in a separate mill study using both visual and machine stress rated (MSR) grading rules. Multiple linear regression was used to relate tree value to the growth and wood quality traits. Stem volume and branch diameter significantly influenced tree value under visual grading, with relative economic weights of 0.06dm3 and -5.22cm, respectively. Wood density significantly influenced tree value under MSR grading (relative economic weights: 0.06dm3, -6.69cm, and 0.06kg/mdm3, respectively), where lumber strength is measured more accurately. These regression coefficients can be used directly as economic weights in selection indices.

Impact of the foliar pathogen Swiss needle cast on wood quality of Douglas-fir

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Johnson ◽  
Amy T Grotta ◽  
Barbara L Gartner ◽  
Geoff Downes
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Needle Retention ◽  
Foliar Pathogen ◽  
Swiss Needle Cast

Many stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) near coastal areas of Oregon and Washington are heavily infected with the foliar pathogen causing Swiss needle cast (SNC) disease, and yet there is very little research on the resulting wood quality. Modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), microfibril angle (MFA), wood density, latewood proportion, and sapwood moisture content were examined in 20- to 28-year-old trees from 15 stands that were infected with varying intensities of SNC. SNC severity was quantified by measuring needle retention, the number of needle cohorts retained at three crown levels. Correlations between disease severity and wood properties were examined at both the stand and within-stand levels. Trees from heavily infected stands (needle retention <2 years) had higher MOE, wood density, and latewood proportion and lower sapwood moisture content than trees from healthier stands. Breast-height age (BHage) was also correlated with these properties, but age alone did not explain all of the increases. MFA was not associated with SNC severity. Within stands, needle retention was not associated with MOE or MOR. The increase in latewood proportion in diseased stands appears to be the driving factor behind their increase in stiffness (MOE). Ring width decreased with decreased needle retention, and the examined wood properties generally showed stronger correlations with ring width than with needle retention.

Wachstum und Wertleistung der Douglasie in Abhängigkeit von der Standraumgestaltung

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Klädtke ◽  
Ulrich Kohnle ◽  
Edgar Kublin ◽  
Andreas Ehring ◽  
Hans Pretzsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Monetary Analysis ◽  
Starting Conditions ◽  
Tree Number ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Further Development

Growth and value production of Douglas-fir under varying stand densities The investigation is focused on the effects of initial tree number and thinning on growth and value performance of Douglas-fir stands. Data base is a coordinated Douglas-fir spacing experiment in South Germany, started 40 years ago and comprising variants of tree numbers with 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 Douglas-firs per hectare. The treatment was performed according to a standardized experiment program. The results show that at low initial tree numbers, the diameter on breast height (DBH) of (pre)dominant trees at the beginning of the observations (with 12 m top height) is bigger than at higher initial plant numbers. Accordingly, the quotient of height (H) to DBH (as an indicator for tree's static stability) is lower. The further development of DBH and H/DBH quotient is decisively determined by stand treatment, which superimposes the effect of the initial tree number. The total volume growth shows a clear differentiation, too, the variants with initially high tree numbers appearing on top. In the monetary analysis, this ranking is reversed: despite a supposed inferior wood quality, the variants with lower initial tree numbers clearly outperform the ones with higher numbers in terms of value. From these results, the following silvicultural recommendations for Douglas-fir can be derived: the initial tree numbers should be in the range from 1,000 to 2,000 plants per hectare. On technically not accessible sites, even lower tree numbers may come into question. The strong influence of stand treatment on DBH and H/DBH development highlights the problem of postponed thinnings, for this causes growth and stability losses even under favorable starting conditions in terms of competition.

scholarly journals Growth performance and wood quality of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba) progeny testing at Parung Panjang, Bogor, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Chaerani ◽  
DEDE J SUDRAJAT ◽  
ISKANDAR Z SIREGAR ◽  
ULFAH J SIREGAR
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Pilodyn Penetration

Abstract. Chaerani N, Sudrajat DJ, Siregar IZ, Siregar UJ. 2019. Growth performance and wood quality of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba) progeny testing at Parung Panjang, Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2295-2301. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of growth and wood quality in white jabon progeny test at 54 months old in Parung Panjang, Bogor. The 105 half-sib families obtained from 12 provenances were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Wood quality was assessed both in a non-destructive way using a pilodyn and by destructive method using wood sample taker. Results indicated that the mean value ranged from 5.10 to 10.15 m for height, 6.67 to 15.30 cm for diameter, 2.30 to 3.62 cm for pilodyn penetration, 0.66 to 0.82 g/cm3 for wood density, 0.33 to 0.50 for specific gravity, and 66 to 111 % for moisture content, respectively. There were significant differences among 105 families for all traits except moisture content. The high heritability estimate was found for height (0.4-0.69) and basic density (0.27-0.59). Applying 80% selection intensity on diameter and leaving 84 best families in each block will produce a high total genetic gain. Pilodyn penetration had negative correlation with diameter, wood density, and specific gravity.

Heritability and phenotypic and genetic correlations of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) wood quality traits

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1536-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas K. Ukrainetz ◽  
Kyu-Young Kang ◽  
Sally N. Aitken ◽  
Michael Stoehr ◽  
Shawn D. Mansfield
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Glucose Content

Genetic control and relationships among coastal Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) growth and wood quality traits were assessed by estimating heritability and phenotypic and genetic correlations using 600 trees representing 15 full-sib families sampled from four progeny test sites. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.23 to 0.30 for growth traits, 0.19 for fibre coarseness, from 0.21 to 0.54 for wood density, from 0.16 to 0.97 for cell wall carbohydrates, and 0.79 and 0.91 for lignin content at two sites, Squamish River and Gold River, respectively. Glucose content, indicative of cell wall cellulose composition, and lignin were shown to be under strong genetic control, whereas fibre coarseness was shown to be under weak genetic control. Phenotypic correlations revealed that larger trees generally have longer fibres with higher fibre coarseness, lower density, lower carbohydrate content, a greater proportion of cell wall lignin, and higher microfibril angle. Genetic correlations and correlated response to selection suggest that breeding for height growth would result in a reduction in wood quality, whereas breeding for improved earlywood density in Douglas-fir would result in negligible reductions in volume and appears to be an ideal target for selecting for improved wood quality (density) while maintaining growth in the sample population.

Comparison of decomposition models using wood density of Douglas-fir logs

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1092-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Means ◽  
Kermit Cromack Jr ◽  
Paul C. MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Decay Class ◽  
Decomposition Models ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Single Exponential

Logs of Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco that had been on the ground for up to 313 years were grouped into five decay classes that ranged from 1, essentially undecayed, to 5, soft and incorporated into the forest floor but still identifiable. The mean residence times on the forest floor were 7, 17, 33, 82, and 219 years for decay classes 1 through 5, respectively. The single-exponential model of litter decomposition was fitted to the density of these logs. The summation-exponential model was constructed by summing single-exponential models fitted to lignin, cellulose, and the acid detergent soluble fraction. Both models gave virtually identical, statistically significant fits to the data. Wood density of these Douglas-fir logs decreased more slowly than that of most species other researchers have studied. The single-exponential model gave mineralization rates (k) of 0.0063 and 0.0070 year−1 when residence time and decay class age (mean residence time of the decay class), respectively, were used as the independent variable. Lignin decayed more slowly than cellulose or the fraction soluble in hot acid detergent, both of which decayed at rates that were not significantly different; thus, the summation-exponential model is recommended when these constituents are of interest.

scholarly journals Tree breeding and silviculture: Douglas-fir volume gains with minimal wood quality loss under variable planting densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 118094
Author(s):  
Miriam Isaac-Renton ◽  
Michael Stoehr ◽  
Catherine Bealle Statland ◽  
Jack Woods
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Quality Loss

Effects of Density Control and Fertilization on Log Wood Quality from a Douglas-fir Stand in Western Oregon, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Rapeepan Kantavichai ◽  
Eric C Turnblom ◽  
Eini C Lowell
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Density Control ◽  
Heartwood Percentage

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of juvenile spacing (precommercial thinning), thinning, and fertilization on Douglas-fir butt log (first 4.9 m) and second log (4.9–10 m) quality attributes: juvenile wood percentage, heartwood percentage, rings per inch, specific gravity, and modulus of elasticity. A 41-year-old, 36.6 m site index Douglas-fir stand in western Oregon, USA was selected as the first stand to explore. Nine common silviculture pathway treatments of juvenile spacing, thinning, and fertilization were applied to independent 0.404-hectare plots. Ninety-nine trees were felled and disks cut at five heights along the stem. Wood properties were measured and calculated from the disks for log quality attributes. There was no effect of silvicultural treatments on log heartwood percentage, but significant effects on other log quality attributes were observed. Juvenile wood percentage and rings per inch declined with stand density control and fertilization treatment. Responses to thinning and fertilization in log specific gravity depend on juvenile spacing. Also, thinning and juvenile spacing were shown to have impacts on log modulus of elasticity.

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