Multilingual generation: The role of telicity in lexical choice and syntactic realization

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 37-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie J. Dorr ◽  
Mari Broman Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Choice ◽  
Multilingual Generation

Pragmatics and the Lexicon

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Horn
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Relevance Theory ◽  
Lexical Choice ◽  
Meaning Change ◽  
Verb Constructions ◽  
Pragmatic Motivation ◽  
Negative Strengthening ◽  
Division Of Pragmatic Labour

Since Paul and Zipf, it has become evident that lexical choice and meaning change are largely guided by pragmatic principles. Two central interacting principles are, first, the least-effort tendency to reduce expression and, second, the communicative requirements on sufficiency of information. Descendants of this opposition include Grice’s bipartite Maxim of Quantity (‘Make your contribution as informative as/no more informative than is required’) grounded within a general theory of rationality and cooperation, the Q and R Principles (essentially ‘Say enough’/‘Don’t say too much’), and the interplay of effort and effect within Relevance Theory. This chapter motivates a (Q-based) constraint on lexicalization, surveys the role of the R principle in motivating the Division of Pragmatic Labour, syntagmatic reduction, narrowing of meaning, euphemism, and negative strengthening, and provides pragmatic motivation for the lexical clone, un-noun, and un-verb constructions, and for the complementary Avoid Synonymy and Avoid Homonymy principles.

scholarly journals Stylistics in “Asahan Dalam Angka 2015” Translation Text

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Ely Ezir Marpaung ◽  
Syahron Lubis ◽  
Amrin Saragih ◽  
Eddy Setia
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Stylistic Variation ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Morphological Process ◽  
Lexical Choice ◽  
Contextual Variation ◽  
Order Variation ◽  
Text Word ◽  
Grammatical Change

This research deals with the role of stylistics in translation and is aimed at identifying the types of stylistics used in “Asahan Dalam Angka 2015” in the translation text, to analyze the application of how and why stylistics is applied. This study applies qualitative research method, proposed by Miles and Huberman. There are six types of stylistics applied in ASDA 2015translation text: Word Formation Variation (WFV), Lexical Choice Variation (LCV), Syntactical Order Variation (SOV), Semantic Meaning Variation (SMV), Pragmatic Contextual Variation (PCV), and Grammatical Change Variation (GCV). The application refers to the morphological process (Word Formation Variation).The words are lexically chosen to vary lexical meaning (LCV), the phrases are syntactically reconstructed SOV), the words are pragmatically and contextually varied and translated to be equivalent (PCV), and the words are grammatically changed and varied to construct appropriate meaning. The finding shows that there are two causes why stylistics is not well applied in ASDA 2015translation text. Firstly, MT (Machine Translation) used in translating the text is not equipped by sufficient linguistic devices. Secondly, ASDA 2015 translation text is not realized in stylistic variation.

La investigación del español del Suroeste

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-252
Author(s):  
Francisco Marcos-Marín
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lexical Choice ◽  
Total Lack ◽  
Graphical Presentation ◽  
Historical References

This is the second of two articles dealing with the epistemology of the analysis of Spanish in the Southwest of the United States of America. The content of this part is basically linguistic, with social implications, and mostly synchronic. The historical references, however, are never set aside. In the first place, it is important to make a distinction between the real melting languages and theoretical misinterpretations. English and Spanish are combined with social and literary implications in the diverse slang forms of the area: pachuco, caló, among others. Spurious interests, however, have given force to fantastic hypotheses brought to a climax by the invention of an allegedly “new” language, called Spanglish. This lexical choice is unfortunate, because it takes advantage of the existence of a more innocuous use of the word, simply referring to all forms of contact between the two languages. Four aspects are therefore mixed up and mistaken: the invention of an allegedly “new” language, in spite of a total lack of unification; the constant code-switching with different modalities and extent; the bad quality of certain translations; and the cultural relegation of Hispanics to speakers of a ghetto language. The set of two articles ends with a graphical presentation of a SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats). The conclusion refers to Judeo-Spanish and the dangers of ghetto languages, as well as to the role of education.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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