�ber die Degeneration von Eizellen des Zebrafisches, Brachydanio rerio, in vitro

1969 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl -H. Korfsmeier
Keyword(s):  
Brachydanio Rerio

Fish embryo culture: rhombencephalic neuritic outgrowth in explanted axial cords from the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio (Hamilton-Buchanan)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3215-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans W. Laale
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Neuritic Outgrowth ◽  
Close Contacts

Fifteen stage 17 axial cords from the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio were stripped of epidermis and separated from their yolk spheres. Posterior halves, from the mid-rhombencephalic level to the caudal knob, were maintained in nutrient medium for 30 days at 24 ± 2 °C. The study describes preliminary observations on rhombencephalic neuritic outgrowth and associations with non-neural cells from 7 to 30 days of culture. Nerve fiber bundles increased in number and complexity with time and displayed heterogeneous branching behaviour. Frequent multiple close contacts with individual non-neural cells were observed, but selectivity of attraction to specific target cells was not verified. The findings are compared with similar contacts reported for mammalian tissues in vitro.

In vitro primary spreading and dissociation of zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio, blastoderm-derived embryonic epidermis

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 800-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans W. Laale
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Initial Attachment ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Membrane Formation ◽  
Locomotory Behaviour

Blastoderm isolates from Brachydanio rerio (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) blastulas were maintained in nutrient medium for up to 40 days. Of 120 blastoderm isolates cultured 75% showed initial attachment and underwent major changes in adhesive properties affecting aggregative and locomotory behaviour. Of the attached blastoderm isolates, 70% differentiated into embryos of varying degrees of organization and all exhibited subsequent primary membrane formation and spreading. The paper, covering the first 18 days of culture, focuses on the phenomenon of primary membrane spread formation, dissociation, and its associated cell types. A discussion of the relevant literature is provided.

scholarly journals Radicinin, a Fungal Phytotoxin as a Target-Specific Bioherbicide for Invasive Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris) Control

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Masi ◽  
Fabrizio Freda ◽  
Felicia Sangermano ◽  
Viola Calabrò ◽  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity

The fungal pathogens Cochliobolus australiensis and Pyricularia grisea have recently been isolated from diseased leaves of buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris) in its North American range, and their ability to produce phytotoxic metabolites that could potentially be used as natural herbicides against this invasive weed was investigated. Fourteen secondary metabolites obtained from in vitro cultures of these two pathogens were tested by leaf puncture assay on the host plant at different concentrations. Radicinin and (10S, 11S)-epi-pyriculol proved to be the most promising compounds. Thus, their phytotoxic activity was also evaluated on non-host indigenous plants. Radicinin demonstrated high target-specific toxicity on buffelgrass, low toxicity to native plants, and no teratogenic, sub-lethal, or lethal effects on zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) embryos. It is now under consideration for the development of a target-specific bioherbicide to be used against buffelgrass in natural systems where synthetic herbicides cause excessive damage to native plants.

Kupffer's vesicle in Brachydanio rerio: multivesicular origin and proposed function in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2408-2415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Willer Laale
Keyword(s):  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Kupffer’S Vesicle ◽  
Kupffer's Vesicle

Stage 16+ endomesodermal caudal explants from embryos of the zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio (Hamilton-Buchanan), were maintained in vitro for up to 48 h at 24 ± 2 °C. The development of Kupffer's vesicle by multivesicular coalescence and subsequent atrophy is described. Kupffer's vesicle in the absence of periblast and epidermal ectoderm is shown to be mesodermal in origin and not a remnant of the archenteron. The vesicle similarly would appear to play no role in the mediation of nutrients from the yolk via a modified periblast under conditions of culture.

In vitro secondary spreading from dissociating blastoderm-derived embryonic tissues of the zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 812-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans W. Laale
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Brachydanio Rerio ◽  
Membrane Formation ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Substrate Modification ◽  
Culture Substrate ◽  
Epidermal Membrane ◽  
Medium Conditioning

Brachydanio rerio (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) blastoderm-derived embryos, deprived of their epidermis in in vitro culture, dissociate and their tissues disperse radially upon the culture substrate. The phenomenon, referred to as secondary spreading, follows primary epidermal membrane formation and dissociation and spans a period from 18 days to 40 days of culture at 24 °C.Secondary spreads and associated cell types and cellular phenomena are described, and medium conditioning, substrate modification, degeneration, and necrosis are discussed.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

In Vitro Induction of Crystals of MT Protein by Vinblastine-Colcemid in Mouse Spermatids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John J. Wolosewick ◽  
John H. D. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nuclear Ring ◽  
Rough Er ◽  
Distal Direction ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Early in spermiogenesis the manchette is rapidly assembled in a distal direction from the nuclear-ring-densities. The association of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the manchette microtubules (MTS) has been reported. In the mouse, osmophilic densities at the distal ends of the manchette are the organizing centers (MTOCS), and are associated with the SER. Rapid MT assembly and the lack of rough ER suggests that there is an existing pool of MT protein. Colcemid potentiates the reaction of vinblastine with tubulin and was used in this investigation to detect this protein.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Immunoenzymatic demonstration of the simultaneous presence of transferrin, hemopexin and albumin in a same hepatocyte and their ultrastructural localization

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-89
Author(s):  
M. Kraemer ◽  
J. Foucrier ◽  
J. Vassy ◽  
M.T. Chalumeau
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Monospecific Antisera ◽  
Different Levels

Some authors using immunofluorescent techniques had already suggested that some hepatocytes are able to synthetize several plasma proteins. In vitro studies on normal cells or on cells issued of murine hepatomas raise the same conclusion. These works could be indications of an hepatocyte functionnal non-specialization, meanwhile the authors never give direct topographic proofs suitable with this hypothesis.The use of immunoenzymatic techniques after obtention of monospecific antisera had seemed to us useful to bring forward a better knowledge of this problem. We have studied three carrier proteins (transferrin = Tf, hemopexin = Hx, albumin = Alb) operating at different levels in iron metabolism by demonstrating and localizing the adult rat hepatocytes involved in their synthesis.Immunological, histological and ultrastructural methods have been described in a previous work.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

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