Post-dispersal predation and scatterhoarding of Dipteryx panamensis (Papilionaceae) seeds by rodents in Panama

Oecologia ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Michel Forget
Keyword(s):  
Dipteryx Panamensis

Impact of Mammals on Early Recruitment of a Tropical Canopy Tree, Dipteryx panamensis, in Panama

Oikos ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane De Steven ◽  
Francis E. Putz
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Tree ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis ◽  
Early Recruitment

Assessing inter- and intra-specific variation in trunk carbon concentration for 32 neotropical tree species

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlène Elias ◽  
Catherine Potvin
Keyword(s):  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Neotropical Tree ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Hura Crepitans ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Highly Correlated

Trunk carbon (C) concentrations were assessed for 32 species of tropical trees to understand sources of variation. The main effect of species accounted for 38% of the total variance in C concentration (p < 0.0001). Tectona grandis demonstrated the greatest C concentration (49.4%), while Ormosia macrocalyx displayed the lowest C concentration (44.4%). We also observed significant differences among the sampling sites (F = 2.2, p < 0.02). For three of the species sampled in both plantations and natural forests, the natural forest individuals had significantly higher C concentrations (Dipteryx panamensis: F = 6.10, p = 0.06; Hura crepitans: F = 5.53, p = 0.06; and Miconia argentea: F = 8.92, p = 0.02). C concentration was highly correlated with wood specific gravity (r2 = 0.86). A canonical correspondence analysis was performed to identify the environmental and (or) growth factors explaining variation in trunk C concentration. The two factors with the highest loading values on the first canonical axis are site and diameter at breast height (DBH), while DBH and density load on axis 2. The biplot shows that species respond differently to environmental factors. Our results suggest that a better consideration of interspecific variation in C concentration could reduce the error associated with estimates of C sequestration by up to 10%.

Conventional and genetic measures of seed dispersal for Dipteryx panamensis (Fabaceae) in continuous and fragmented Costa Rican rain forest

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thor Hanson ◽  
Steven Brunsfeld ◽  
Bryan Finegan ◽  
Lisette Waits
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis ◽  
Continuous Forest ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dispersal Distances

The effects of habitat fragmentation on seed dispersal can strongly influence the evolutionary potential of tropical forest plant communities. Few studies have combined traditional methods and molecular tools for the analysis of dispersal in fragmented landscapes. Here seed dispersal distances were documented for the tree Dipteryx panamensis in continuous forest and two forest fragments in Costa Rica, Central America. Distance matrices were calculated between adult trees (n = 283) and the locations of seeds (n = 3016) encountered along 100 × 4-m transects (n = 77). There was no significant difference in the density of seeds dispersed > 25 m from the nearest adult (n = 253) among sites. There was a strong correlation between the locations of dispersed seeds and the locations of overstorey palms favoured as bat feeding roosts in continuous forest and both fragments. Exact dispersal distances were determined for a subset of seeds (n = 14) from which maternal endocarp DNA could be extracted and matched to maternal trees using microsatellite analysis. Dispersal within fragments and from pasture trees into adjacent fragments was documented, at a maximum distance of 853 m. Results show no evidence of a fragmentation effect on D. panamensis seed dispersal in this landscape and strongly suggest bat-mediated dispersal at all sites.

scholarly journals Propiedades energéticas de biomasa torrefaccionada de Dipteryx panamensis Pittier y Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm.

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Johanna Gaitán-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis

<p>Se cuantificaron las propiedades energéticas de la biomasa torrefaccionada de dos especies forestales, Dipteryx panamensis y Gmelina arborea. Se tomaron 500 gramos de aserrín provenientes del proceso de aserrío primario de cada especie y se dividió en tres partes para aplicar tres tipos de tiempos a la exposición de temperatura, denominado como tratamientos: el tratamiento número 1 es el testigo, el cual no se torrefaccionó (0 minutos). El tratamiento número 2 consistió en aplicar una temperatura de 200 °C por 15 minutos, y el tratamiento número 3 consistió en aplicar una temperatura de 200 °C por 20 minutos. A este se le determinó densidad, contenido de cenizas, poder calórico, contenido de humedad e índice de combustibilidad. Las densidades de ambas especies variaron entre 155,48 kg/m3 a 191,86 kg/m3. El poder calórico paso de 9749,00 kJ/kg a 18126,35 kJ/kg con el proceso de torrefacción. Los porcentajes de cenizas se mantuvieron en un rango de 0,39 % a 1,07 %, y para el índice de combustibilidad en un rango de 109,31 a 6675,93; los valores más bajos los presentó el tratamiento a 0 minutos en ambas especies. Se logró determinar que la torrefacción incrementa las propiedades energéticas del material y que Dipteryx panamensis fue la que presentó un mejor comportamiento como combustible.</p>

Steaming and Heating Dipteryx panamensis Logs from Fast-Grown Plantations: Reduction of Growth Strain and Effects on Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Roger Moya ◽  
Carolina Tenorio ◽  
Juan David Conde Torres
Keyword(s):  
Fast Growth ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Growth Strain ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Color Parameters ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis

Abstract Steaming and heating as pretreatments before log sawing reduce the negative effects of growth strain (GS). The object of this work was to study the reduction of GS in logs of Dipteryx panamensis from a fast-growth plantation using steaming and heating treatments and evaluate the effects on the lumber quality. According to the results, the maximum temperature in the center of the log was approximately 90°C after 24 hours for both treatments. GS decreased after heating and steaming. The average value of GS for three treatments was 2,085.61 microdeformation units (με) before the treatment, decreasing to average value to1,692.14 με after the treatments. This reduction in turn produced a reduction of crook due to sawing measured in logs and semilogs and a decrease in the values and incidence of crook, bow, twist, and split. Similarly, color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) were statistically affected by the treatment, except for parameter L* in sapwood. In general, wood darkening was observed. Lastly, both treatments applied to D. panamensis logs showed few differences in GS, in crook due to sawing measured in logs and semilogs, and in the values and incidence of crook, bow, twist, and split. Therefore, both treatments achieved GS reduction in D. panamensis lumber.

scholarly journals Potencial de mejoramiento genético en Dipteryx panamensis a los 33 meses de edad en San Carlos, Costa Rica

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Martínez-Albán ◽  
Lucía Fallas-Valverde ◽  
Olman Murillo-Gamboa ◽  
Yorleny Badilla-Valverde
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis ◽  
San Carlos

<p>El almendro (Dipteryx panamensis) es la especie nativa con la madera de mayor dureza que se planta en la región. Como especie leguminosa expresa gran potencial para su cultivo en la zona norte y caribe del país, donde predominan suelos de baja fertilidad, compactados, mal drenados y ácidos, limitantes para la mayoría de las especies forestales. Como especie de alto valor ecológico y potencial económico, se le ha considerado entre el grupo denominado maderas gourmet y parte estratégica del desarrollo forestal del país. Se estudió el potencial de mejoramiento genético en Dipteryx panamensis a los 33 meses de edad, en un ensayo de procedencia/progenie establecido en San Carlos, zona norte de Costa Rica. Se evaluaron 3 procedencias nativas de la zona norte del país, Crucitas (Pocosol, San Carlos), Sarapiquí y Coopesanjuan (Cutris, San Carlos) y, 10 árboles dentro de cada procedencia, todos seleccionados únicamente por su sanidad y vigor en condiciones naturales, para un total final de 29 familias o accesiones. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar, con 6 bloques y 6 progenies por familia en cada bloque (parcela), distribuidas en 3 parejas aleatorizadas dentro de cada bloque. Las variables evaluadas fueron: diámetro a la altura del pecho (dap), altura total (h total), presencia de ramas gruesas, presencia de bifurcación, calidad del árbol y sobrevivencia. El análisis de los datos se realizó con el software SELEGEN de EMBRAPA, Brasil. La heredabilidad media de procedencias fue h2mp = 0,72 para el dap, h2mp = 0,81 para la altura total y h2mp = 0,64 para la presencia de ramas gruesas. Mientras que la heredabilidad individual fue h2i = 0,46 para el dap y h2i = 0,29 para la altura total. La heredabilidad media familiar para el dap fue de hmf = 0,80, para la altura total hmf = 0,72 y de 0,55 para la presencia de rama gruesa. En la clasificación genética con base en dap y altura total, 25 de las 29 familias coincidieron como las mejores para ambos caracteres. El coeficiente de variación genético fue de 8,6 % para el dap y de 5,8 % para la altura total. Si se seleccionan las mejores 10 familias la ganancia genética esperada en dap a esta edad sería de un 15 %. La mayor variación se registró entre familias dentro de procedencias y poca variación se obtuvo entre las tres procedencias. La correlación genética entre el dap y las ramas gruesas fue r = 0,53*** y de r = 0,27** con la presencia de bifurcación. Como estrategia de mejoramiento se propone seleccionar dos individuos con el mayor diámetro dentro de cada una de las mejores 10 familias sin importar su procedencia. Esto generará una población con suficiente diversidad genética para atender la demanda de semilla del país en un horizonte de planificación no menor a 15 años. Se propone ampliar la base genética del programa de mejoramiento de almendro mediante nuevas colectas de otras procedencias naturales dentro del país.</p>

scholarly journals Expected genetic gain and genotype by environment interaction in almond (Dipteryx panamensis (Pittier) Rec. and Mell) in Costa Rica

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
N. León ◽  
O. Murillo ◽  
Y. Badilla ◽  
C. Ávila ◽  
R. Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis

Abstract Almendro (Dipteryx panamensis (Pittier) Record & Mell.) is one of the native tree species with higher wood density planted in Latin American tropical region, which has given it a reputation and international acceptance in the wood-floors markets. The tree has also a remarkable ecological value, as an important food source and habitat for several endangered fauna. This research studied the potential for genetic improvement and stability of a collection of 29 open-pollinated families of Dipteryx panamensis at 48 months of age. The materials came from three different local native populations northern from Costa Rica. Individual heritabilities for commercial volume registered moderate values, between 9 % and 22 %, while mean family heritability, ranged between 47 % and 74 % for the traits evaluated. No significant genetic differences among provenances for none of the traits evaluated were observed. The genetic correlation for commercial volume between both sites showed a value of r = 0.96, which suggests low G × E interaction. If selected the top 20 individuals from the genetic ranking in commercial volume, an expected genetic gain above 50 % in year 4 can be obtained. The use of improved almendro seeds could have great impact and motivate plantations with this tree species in tropical regions. It is concluded that a unique breeding program for the whole country is feasible.

Allometry of emergent tree species from saplings to above-canopy adults in a Costa Rican rain forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. King ◽  
Deborah A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
La Selva ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Tropical Wet Forest ◽  
Dipteryx Panamensis ◽  
Emergent Species

Abstract:Relations between crown width and tree height and trunk diameter and tree height were measured for trees of all sizes of six large emergent species (Balizia elegans, Dipteryx panamensis, Hieronyma alchorneoides, Hymenolobium mesoamericanum, Lecythis ampla and Terminalia oblonga) in the lowland tropical wet forest at La Selva, Costa Rica. Thirty to 45 individuals were chosen per species to provide a relatively even height distribution from 1 m up to the maximum encountered height. Among small juveniles, the crown widths of the two species with the smallest leaves and horizontally spreading branches were greater than those of the four large-leaved species. On reaching and exceeding the canopy, all but one species showed pronounced increases in crown width with increasing height. These patterns are linked to leaf size and first branching height in small juveniles and low densities of emergent trees at La Selva and other tropical forests, where crown expansion in all directions enhances light interception under the equatorial sun in trees that are not crowded by neighbours of similar height.

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