Pigment migration and spectral sensitivity in the compound eye of moths

1970 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H�glund ◽  
G. Struwe
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Pigment Migration

Spectral sensitivity of screening pigment migration in the compound eye ofManduca sexta

1983 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. White ◽  
Mark J. Banister ◽  
Ruth R. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Screening Pigment ◽  
Pigment Migration

scholarly journals Red-shift of spectral sensitivity due to screening pigment migration in the eyes of a moth, Adoxophyes orana

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Satoh ◽  
Finlay J. Stewart ◽  
Hisaharu Koshitaka ◽  
Hiroshi D. Akashi ◽  
Primož Pirih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Adoxophyes Orana ◽  
Screening Pigment ◽  
Pigment Migration

Feeding behavior in the nocturnal moth Manduca sexta is mediated mainly by blue receptors, but where are they located in the retina?

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (9) ◽  
pp. 1909-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Cutler ◽  
R Bennett ◽  
R Stevenson ◽  
R White
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Action Spectrum ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Feeding Response ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Nectar Feeding ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Two Peaks

The spectral sensitivity of nectar feeding by adults of the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta was measured in free-choice experiments. The action spectrum displayed a narrow peak at 450 nm and a low secondary maximum at 560 nm. Thus, the feeding response is mediated primarily by blue-sensitive receptors containing the Manduca sexta photopigment P450, while green-sensitive receptors containing P520 play a minor role. A minimum at 500 nm separating the two peaks suggests mutual inhibition between green and blue receptors or negative interaction more proximally in the visual system. The action spectrum drops off abruptly at 400 nm, in accordance with an earlier finding that ultraviolet wavelengths, discerned by receptors containing P357, obstruct the feeding response. The spectral sensitivity of the Manduca sexta compound eye, determined by electroretinogram recordings, and earlier visual pigment measurements indicate that approximately 75 % of the receptors are green-sensitive, with the remainder divided between blue- and ultraviolet-sensitive cells. The distribution of receptor types in small areas of the retina was measured by their ultrastructural response to light. Green and ultraviolet receptors were found, but not the blue receptors that dominate the feeding response. Possibly they are concentrated in a particular region of the retina that has not yet been found.

Spectral sensitivity of the compound eye of the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Brown ◽  
M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Delia Radicum ◽  
Secondary Peak ◽  
Peak Response ◽  
Primary Peak ◽  
Cabbage Root Fly

AbstractThe spectral sensitivity of the compound eye of the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum (Linnaeus), was measured using the electroretinogram (ERG) technique, at fifteen selected wavelengths between 340 nm and 670 nm. The form of the ERG was found to be diphasic in nature. A primary peak of spectral sensitivity in the UV (340–350 nm), and a smaller secondary peak in the blue-green region (460–546 nm) were found, together with a shoulder of sensitivity, representing a ‘pseudo-peak’ as reported for other Diptera, in the red region (630 nm). No significant differences were found between the dorsal and ventral regions of the eye. The peak response in the green region (546 nm) agrees well with existing behavioural data on colour attraction and visual discrimination of host plants by the cabbage root fly.

scholarly journals The Spectral Sensitivity of Crayfish and Lobster Vision

1961 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1089-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Kennedy ◽  
Merle S. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Light Adaptation ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Sensitivity Function ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Cone Pigments ◽  
Sensitivity Data

(1) The spectral sensitivity function for the compound eye of the crayfish has been determined by recording the retinal action potentials elicited by monochromatic stimuli. Its peak lies at approximately 570 mµ. (2) Similar measurements made on lobster eyes yield functions with maxima in the region of 520 to 525 mµ, which agree well with the absorption spectrum of lobster rhodopsin if minor allowances are made for distortion by known screening pigments. (3) The crayfish sensitivity function, since it is unaffected by selective monochromatic light adaptation, must be determined by a single photosensitive pigment. The absorption maximum of this pigment may be inferred with reasonable accuracy from the sensitivity data. (4) The visual pigment of the crayfish thus has its maximum absorption displaced by 50 to 60 mµ towards the red end of the spectrum from that of the lobster and other marine crustacea. This shift parallels that found in both rod and cone pigments between fresh water and marine vertebrates. In the crayfish, however, an altered protein is responsible for the shift and not a new carotenoid chromophore as in the vertebrates. (5) The existence of this situation in a new group of animals (with photoreceptors which have been evolved independently from those of vertebrates) strengthens the view that there may be strong selection for long wavelength visual sensitivity in fresh water.

scholarly journals Electroretinogram Characteristics and the Spectral Mechanisms of the Median Ocellus and the Lateral Eye in Limulus polyphemus

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 2267-2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Chapman ◽  
Abner B. Lall
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Pigment ◽  
Light Adaptation ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
State Level ◽  
Chromatic Adaptation ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Energy Functions ◽  
Lateral Eye ◽  
Median Ocellus

Electrical responses (ERG) to light flashes of various wavelengths and energies were obtained from the dorsal median ocellus and lateral compound eye of Limulus under dark and chromatic light adaptation. Spectral mechanisms were studied by analyzing (a) response waveforms, e.g. response area, rise, and fall times as functions of amplitude, (b) slopes of amplitude-energy functions, and (c) spectral sensitivity functions obtained by the criterion amplitude method. The data for a single spectral mechanism in the lateral eye are (a) response waveforms independent of wavelength, (b) same slope for response-energy functions at all wavelengths, (c) a spectral sensitivity function with a single maximum near 520 mµ, and (d) spectral sensitivity invariance in chromatic adaptation experiments. The data for two spectral mechanisms in the median ocellus are (a) two waveform characteristics depending on wavelength, (b) slopes of response-energy functions steeper for short than for long wavelengths, (c) two spectral sensitivity peaks (360 and 530–535 mµ) when dark-adapted, and (d) selective depression of either spectral sensitivity peak by appropriate chromatic adaptation. The ocellus is 200–320 times more sensitive to UV than to visible light. Both UV and green spectral sensitivity curves agree with Dartnall's nomogram. The hypothesis is favored that the ocellus contains two visual pigments each in a different type of receptor, rather than (a) various absorption bands of a single visual pigment, (b) single visual pigment and a chromatic mask, or (c) fluorescence. With long duration light stimuli a steady-state level followed the transient peak in the ERG from both types of eyes.

scholarly journals Evolution of Insect Color Vision: From Spectral Sensitivity to Visual Ecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper J. van der Kooi ◽  
Doekele G. Stavenga ◽  
Kentaro Arikawa ◽  
Gregor Belušič ◽  
Almut Kelber
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Visual Ecology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Retinal Structure ◽  
Perceived Color

Color vision is widespread among insects but varies among species, depending on the spectral sensitivities and interplay of the participating photoreceptors. The spectral sensitivity of a photoreceptor is principally determined by the absorption spectrum of the expressed visual pigment, but it can be modified by various optical and electrophysiological factors. For example, screening and filtering pigments, rhabdom waveguide properties, retinal structure, and neural processing all influence the perceived color signal. We review the diversity in compound eye structure, visual pigments, photoreceptor physiology, and visual ecology of insects. Based on an overview of the current information about the spectral sensitivities of insect photoreceptors, covering 221 species in 13 insect orders, we discuss the evolution of color vision and highlight present knowledge gaps and promising future research directions in the field.

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