On the contours of apparent motion: A new perspective on visual space-time

1980 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Caelli ◽  
P. C. Dodwell
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
New Perspective

Visual Perception of Apparent Motion Abides by Minimization Principles of Geometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxin Liu ◽  
Stella F. Lourenco
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Target Detection ◽  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
Kinematic Geometry ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Target Detection Task ◽  
Perceptual Phenomenon

Apparent motion is a robust perceptual phenomenon in which observers perceive a stimulus traversing the vacant visual space between two flashed stimuli. Although it is known that the “filling-in” of apparent motion favors the simplest and most economical path, the interpolative computations remain poorly understood. Here, we tested whether the perception of apparent motion is best characterized by Newtonian physics or kinematic geometry. Participants completed a target detection task while Pacmen- shaped objects were presented in succession to create the perception of apparent motion. We found that target detection was impaired when apparent motion, as predicted by kinematic geometry, not Newtonian physics, obstructed the target’s location. Our findings shed light on the computations employed by the visual system, suggesting specifically that the “filling-in” perception of apparent motion may be dominated by kinematic geometry, not Newtonian physics.

scholarly journals The Space-Evolution Frame as an Alternative to Space-Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Du
Keyword(s):  
Proper Time ◽  
World Line ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Dimensional Euclidean Space ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Minkowski Space Time ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
New Perspective

Abstract As an alternative to the Minkowski space-time frame, this paper proposes a four-dimensional Euclidean space that combines three spatial dimensions with proper time instead of time. We call this space evolution, in which proper time is interpreted as an evolutionary position and time is considered world line length and absolute. The space-evolution frame provides a new perspective for our understanding of time, space and special relativity. The new frame is self-consistent and compatible to spacial relativity, the Lorentz transform and its predictions could be derived geometrically by simple coordinate rotation.

Visual space-time geometry - A tool for perception and the imagination

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 1113-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fermuller ◽  
P. Baker ◽  
Y. Aloimonos
Keyword(s):  
Visual Space ◽  
Space Time

scholarly journals Illusory Snakes Might Be Due to Asynchronized Respective Field Remapping

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Peripheral Retina ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Central Retina ◽  
Respective Field

In this proposal, we try to virtually navigate inside the human brain to understand the neural mechanism of the perception of illusory snakes. To achieve this mission, we have to imagine the neural network of the visual motion perception during spontaneous saccadic eye movements; and digging into clear distinction between the foveal versus the peripheral visual receptive field remapping. We had previously discussed that conscious perception generated by the central retina has very different attributes than the visual awareness generated by the peripheral retina. It was clear that the central retina triggers visual perception which decelerates the apparent motion of the cyclic elements, and enlarge the size of these elements, see reference 2. The peripheral retina , however, not only accelerates the apparent motion, but it generates illusory motion reversals, see reference 19. Since there are clear discrepancies in the spatiotemporal characteristics between the central and the peripheral retina in the visual awareness, we hypothesized that the illusory rotating snakes might be due to asynchronized respective field remapping; namely, a rivalrous remapping processes of the central versus the peripheral retinal images. In another word, the respective field remapping process triggered by the central retina has different spatial and temporal feeds to the visual awareness than the retinal peripheries. Interestingly, it had been found that deactivating the retinal peripheries through significant reduction against the contrast of the stimulus (that may stop the retinal peripheries from signaling the brain) eliminates the rotating snakes illusion. Elimination that might evidence the role of active retinal peripheries in creating the perception of illusory snakes. Collectively, we think that illusory snakes is due to a rivalry between the central and the peripheral retina; and their corresponding conscious brains; and the saccades are nothing but to convey parts of the retinal image from the center to the peripheries, and vice versa. Namely, the illusory snakes is generated by a spontaneous saccadic rivalry between the fovea & its corresponding conscious brain competing with the peripheral retina & its corresponding conscious brain. Similarly, peripheral drift illusion that requires peripheral vision to be perceived, may not be generated without the aforementioned saccadic rivalry; namely, we think that the perception of that illusion may not be occurred without spontaneous saccade away from the fixational peripheral visual space, see also reference 1 and 5. That saccade is mostly due to spatial attention which conveys the retinal image from the retinal peripheries (the fixational visual space) to the central retina (the attentional visual space). Namely, we think that without the aforementioned conveyance, the perceived illusion may not be generated because the aforementioned spatiotemporal discrepancies will be terminated. Importantly, we investigated the contribution of the human medial temporal complex in producing the illusory motion conscious perception with three different mechanisms: Cognitive control, deep breathing, and the arrangements of the patterns of the building blocks. The aforementioned processes are found to alter the visual perception of rotating snakes stimulus. Inclusively, we distinguished between two distinct visual awareness, namely, the central versus the peripheral vision and we show how active vision which requires cognitive control but not passive vision can ultimately control the perception of the rotating snakes stimulus, namely, alternation between real and illusory visual awareness!

A Computational Structure for Generalized Visual Space-Time Chromatic Processing

2007 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
D. Freire-Obregón ◽  
R. Moreno-Díaz ◽  
R. Moreno-Díaz ◽  
G. De Blasio ◽  
A. Moreno-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Computational Structure ◽  
Chromatic Processing

Paradoxes of Nature

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Demetris Nicolaides
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Even Start ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Logical Paradoxes

Parmenides’s insinuation of an unchanging universe is assertively supported by Zeno with various logical paradoxes that question the very nature of plurality, space, time, and the reality of apparent motion. The dichotomy is his most famous paradox. To begin a trip, say, from here to the door, a traveler must travel the first half of it, but before she does that she must travel half of the first half, and in fact half of that, ad infinitum. Since there will always exist a smaller first half to be traveled first, Zeno questions whether a traveler can ever even start a trip. Zeno’s analysis is logical; on the other hand, things everywhere appear to be moving. Hence, either Zeno’s reasoning is wrong or appearances are deceptive. Empowered by the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics, it will be argued that, at best, the phenomenon of motion is experimentally unverifiable!

PATH INTEGRAL QUANTUM MECHANICS IN CURVED SPACE-TIME: A NEW PERSPECTIVE

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 541-550
Author(s):  
DINESH SINGH ◽  
NADER MOBED
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Path Integral ◽  
Free Particle ◽  
Scalar Particle ◽  
Translation Operator ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Time Translation ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Integral Quantum

A new approach to path integral quantum mechanics in curved space-time for a scalar particle is presented in terms of local curvature involving Fermi or Riemann normal co-ordinates. This approach involves use of a local time translation operator with Lie transport that, while strictly non-unitary in form, nonetheless yields the correct expression for the curved space-time free-particle Lagrangian in the sum-over-histories, with additional terms corresponding to a curvature-dependent violation of probability. These terms simultaneously induce a breakdown of time-reversal symmetry at the quantum mechanical level, and also a violation of the weak equivalence principle at the particle's Compton wavelength scale. Furthermore, the scalar propagator generates a gravitational analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm effect and Berry's phase through the appearance of an overall gauge-invariant phase factor. Future directions to follow from this initial research are presented.

scholarly journals On the Reality of Quantum Collapse and the Emergence of Space-Time

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Andreas Schlatter
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Unitary Symmetry ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
New Perspective

We present a model, in which quantum-collapse is supposed to be real as a result of breaking unitary symmetry, and in which we can define a notion of “becoming”. We show how empirical space-time can emerge in this model, if duration is measured by light-clocks. The model opens a possible bridge between Quantum Physics and Relativity Theory and offers a new perspective on some long-standing open questions, both within and between the two theories.

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