Distribution of sperm in the storage organs of the Drosophila melanogaster female at various levels of insemination

1968 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Fowler ◽  
K. E. Eroshevich ◽  
S. Zimmering
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Storage Organs

scholarly journals Structural variation in Drosophila melanogaster spermathecal ducts and its association with sperm competition dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 200130
Author(s):  
Ben R. Hopkins ◽  
Irem Sepil ◽  
Stuart Wigby
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Spermathecal Duct ◽  
Male Sperm ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Single Mating

The ability of female insects to retain and use sperm for days, months, or even years after mating requires specialized storage organs in the reproductive tract. In most orders, these organs include a pair of sclerotized capsules known as spermathecae. Here, we report that some Drosophila melanogaster females exhibit previously uncharacterized structures within the distal portion of the muscular duct that links a spermatheca to the uterus. We find that these ‘spermathecal duct presences' (SDPs) may form in either or both ducts and can extend from the duct into the sperm-storing capsule itself. We further find that the incidence of SDPs varies significantly between genotypes, but does not change significantly with the age or mating status of females, the latter indicating that SDPs are not composed of or stimulated by sperm or male seminal proteins. We show that SDPs affect neither the number of first male sperm held in a spermatheca nor the number of offspring produced after a single mating. However, we find evidence that SDPs are associated with a lack of second male sperm in the spermathecae after females remate. This raises the possibility that SDPs provide a mechanism for variation in sperm competition outcome among females.

scholarly journals Severe Fertility Effects of sheepish Sperm Caused by Failure To Enter Female Sperm Storage Organs in Drosophila melanogaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Tomaru ◽  
Takashi Ohsako ◽  
Masahide Watanabe ◽  
Naoto Juni ◽  
Hiroshi Matsubayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Storage Organs

scholarly journals Mated Drosophila melanogaster Females Require a Seminal Fluid Protein, Acp36DE, to Store Sperm Efficiently

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 845-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M Neubaum ◽  
Mariana F Wolfner
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Seminal Fluid Proteins ◽  
Barrier Formation ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Initial Storage ◽  
Seminal Fluid Protein

Abstract Mated females of many animal species store sperm. Sperm storage profoundly influences the number, timing, and paternity of the female’s progeny. To investigate mechanisms for sperm storage in Drosophila melanogaster, we generated and analyzed mutations in Acp36DE. Acp36DE is a male seminal fluid protein whose localization in mated females suggested a role in sperm storage. We report that male-derived Acp36DE is essential for efficient sperm storage by females. Acp36DE1 (null) mutant males produced and transferred normal amounts of sperm and seminal fluid proteins. However, mates of Acp36DE1 males stored only 15% as many sperm and produced 10% as many adult progeny as control-mated females. Moreover, without Acp36DE, mated females failed to maintain an elevated egg-laying rate and decreased receptivity, behaviors whose persistence (but not initiation) normally depends on the presence of stored sperm. Previous studies suggested that a barrier in the oviduct confines sperm and Acp36DE to a limited area near the storage organs. We show that Acp36DE is not required for barrier formation, but both Acp36DE and the barrier are required for maximal sperm storage. Acp36DE associates tightly with sperm. Our results indicate that Acp36DE is essential for the initial storage of sperm, and that it may also influence the arrangement and retention of stored sperm.

scholarly journals Costs and benefits of giant sperm and sperm storage organs in Drosophila melanogaster

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1300-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Zajitschek ◽  
Felix Zajitschek ◽  
Sarah Josway ◽  
Reem Al Shabeeb ◽  
Halli Weiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sperm Storage ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Storage Organs

scholarly journals Structural variation in Drosophila melanogaster spermathecal ducts and its association with sperm competition dynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben R. Hopkins ◽  
Irem Sepil ◽  
Stuart Wigby
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Structural Variation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Spermathecal Duct ◽  
Male Sperm ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Single Mating

AbstractThe ability of female insects to retain and use sperm for days, months, or even years after mating requires specialised storage organs in the reproductive tract. In most orders these organs include a pair of sclerotised capsules known as spermathecae. Here, we report that some Drosophila melanogaster females exhibit previously uncharacterised structures within the distal portion of the muscular duct that links a spermatheca to the uterus. We find that these ‘spermathecal duct presences’ (SDPs) may form in either or both ducts and can extend from the duct into the sperm-storing capsule itself. We further find that the incidence of SDPs varies significantly between genotypes, but does not change significantly with the age or mating status of females, the latter indicating that SDPs are not composed of or stimulated by sperm or male seminal proteins. We show that SDPs affect neither the number of first male sperm held in a spermatheca nor the number of offspring produced after a single mating. However, we find evidence that SDPs are associated with a lack of second male sperm in the spermathecae after females remate. This raises the possibility that SDPs provide a mechanism for variation in sperm competition outcome among females.

Metabolic signalling and the partitioning of resources in plant storage organs

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL G. HALFORD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Metabolic Signalling ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Plant Storage

The most important harvested organs of crop plants, such as seeds, tubers and fruits, are often described as assimilate sinks. They play little or no part in the fixation of carbon through the production of sugars through photosynthesis, or in the uptake of nitrogen and sulphur, but import these assimilated resources to support metabolism and to store them in the form of starch, oils and proteins. Wild plants store resources in seeds and tubers to later support an emergent young plant. Cultivated crops are effectively storing resources to provide us with food and many have been bred to accumulate much more than would be required otherwise. For example, approximately 80% of a cultivated potato plant's dry weight is contained in its tubers, ten times the proportion in the tubers of its wild relatives (Inoue & Tanaka 1978). Cultivation and breeding has brought about a shift in the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen assimilate between the organs of the plant.

Author response for "Location and arrangement of campaniform sensilla in Drosophila melanogaster"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesa F. Dinges ◽  
Alexander S. Chockley ◽  
Till Bockemühl ◽  
Kei Ito ◽  
Alexander Blanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Campaniform Sensilla

Live Confocal Analysis of Fertilization and Early Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1012-1013
Author(s):  
Uyen Tram ◽  
William Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Primary Defect ◽  
Fluorescent Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Event ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Fluorescent Studies

Embryonic development is a dynamic event and is best studied in live animals in real time. Much of our knowledge of the early events of embryogenesis, however, comes from immunofluourescent analysis of fixed embryos. While these studies provide an enormous amount of information about the organization of different structures during development, they can give only a static glimpse of a very dynamic event. More recently real-time fluorescent studies of living embryos have become much more routine and have given new insights to how different structures and organelles (chromosomes, centrosomes, cytoskeleton, etc.) are coordinately regulated. This is in large part due to the development of commercially available fluorescent probes, GFP technology, and newly developed sensitive fluorescent microscopes. For example, live confocal fluorescent analysis proved essential in determining the primary defect in mutations that disrupt early nuclear divisions in Drosophila melanogaster. For organisms in which GPF transgenics is not available, fluorescent probes that label DNA, microtubules, and actin are available for microinjection.

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