The distribution and origin of nerve fibers immunoreactive for substance P and neurokinin A in the anterior buccal gland of the rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 277 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T�rnwall ◽  
H. Uusitalo ◽  
Y. T. Konttinen
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Neurokinin A

scholarly journals Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Cerebral Blood Vessels: Distribution and Vasomotor Effects

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Edvinsson ◽  
R. Ekman ◽  
I. Jansen ◽  
J. McCulloch ◽  
R. Uddman
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Basilar Arteries

The innervation of cerebral blood vessels by nerve fibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the vasomotor effects of this peptide are described for a number of different mammalian species. CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the adventitia of cerebral arteries in all species examined (guinea pig, cat, rabbit, rat, and mouse). Numerous perikarya containing CGRP immunoreactivity are demonstrable in the trigeminal ganglion of all species. In the cerebral perivascular nerve fibers and in trigeminal perikarya, CGRP is often colocalized with substance P and neurokinin A. Marked interspecies differences exist both in the density of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers and in the cerebrovascular levels measured with radioimmunoassay. The highest concentrations were observed in cerebral vessels from guinea pigs, the lowest concentration in rabbit vessels, and intermediate levels in the feline and human cerebral vasculature. CGRP is a potent dilator of cerebral arteries in all species examined (human pial, feline middle cerebral, rabbit, guinea pig and rat basilar arteries). The concentration of CGRP eliciting half-maximal responses ranged from 0.4 n M (human pial artery) to 3 n M (rat and rabbit basilar arteries). Pretreatment of cerebral arteries with low concentrations of either substance P (0.1 n M) or neurokinin A (3 n M) attenuated slightly the CGRP-induced relaxations of guinea pig basilar arteries. Calcitonin was found to be a very weak dilator of cerebral arteries from human and guinea pig. Thus, cardiovascular nerve fibers containing CGRP appear to be present in all mammalian species (although to varying degrees) and CGRP is invariably a potent dilator of the cerebral arteries for all species.

Demonstration of Neuropeptide Containing Nerves and Vasomotor Responses to Perivascular Peptides in Human Cerebral Arteries

Cephalalgia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Edvinsson ◽  
I Jansen ◽  
M Cunha e Sa ◽  
S Gulbenkian
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Vasomotor Responses ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Migraine Pathophysiology

A rich supply of nerve fibers containing neuropeptide Y-like (NPY-LI) and tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity was seen in human cerebral arteries, arterioles and veins. Only a sparse supply of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP-LI), substance P (SP-LI), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP-LI) was demonstrated in the walls of human cerebral vessels. In isolated ring segments of human cerebral arteries, NPY and noradrenaline caused vasoconstriction but did not potentiate each other. VIP, peptide histidine methionine, SP, neurokinin A, and CGRP relaxed arteries precontracted by prostaglandin F2a. The degree of innervation and the vasomotor responses are discussed in relation to migraine pathophysiology.

scholarly journals Expression and coupling of neurokinin receptor subtypes to inositol phosphate and calcium signaling pathways in human airway smooth muscle cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (3) ◽  
pp. L523-L534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Mizuta ◽  
George Gallos ◽  
Defen Zhu ◽  
Fumiko Mizuta ◽  
Farida Goubaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Human Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Human Airway ◽  
Intracellular Ca

Neuropeptide tachykinins (substance P, neurokinin A, and neurokinin B) are present in peripheral terminals of sensory nerve fibers within the respiratory tract and cause airway contractile responses and hyperresponsiveness in humans and most mammalian species. Three subtypes of neurokinin receptors (NK1R, NK2R, and NK3R) classically couple to Gq protein-mediated inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) synthesis and liberation of intracellular Ca2+, which initiates contraction, but their expression and calcium signaling mechanisms are incompletely understood in airway smooth muscle. All three subtypes were identified in native and cultured human airway smooth muscle (HASM) and were subsequently overexpressed in HASM cells using a human immunodeficiency virus-1-based lentivirus transduction system. Specific NKR agonists {NK1R, [Sar9,Met(O2)11]-substance P; NK2R, [β-Ala8]-neurokinin A(4–10); NK3R, senktide} stimulated inositol phosphate synthesis and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in native HASM cells and in HASM cells transfected with each NKR subtype. These effects were blocked by NKR-selective antagonists (NK1R, L-732138; NK2R, GR-159897; NK3R, SB-222200). The initial transient and sustained phases of increased [Ca2+]i were predominantly inhibited by the IP3 receptor antagonist 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) or the store-operated Ca2+ channel antagonist SKF-96365, respectively. These results show that all three subtypes of NKRs are expressed in native HASM cells and that IP3 levels are the primary mediators of NKR-stimulated initial [Ca2+]i increases, whereas store-operated Ca2+ channels mediate the sustained phase of the [Ca2+]i increase.

scholarly journals cDNA sequence of human β-preprotachykinin, the common precursor to substance P and neurokinin A

FEBS Letters ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Harmar ◽  
A. Armstrong ◽  
J.C. Pascall ◽  
K. Chapman ◽  
R. Rosie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Cdna Sequence ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Common Precursor ◽  
The Common

Immunocytochemical study of nerve fibers containing substance P in the junctional epithelium of rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tanaka ◽  
M. A. Kido ◽  
T. Ibuki ◽  
T. Yamaza ◽  
T. Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Junctional Epithelium ◽  
Immunocytochemical Study

Tachykinins (Substance P, Neurokinin A and Neuropeptide γ) and Neurotensin from the Intestine of the Burmese Python, Python molurus

Peptides ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1505-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Michael Conlon ◽  
Thomas E Adrian ◽  
Stephen M Secor
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Python Molurus
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