Centromere Co-orientation at metaphase I in interchange heterozygotes of rye, Secale cereale L.

Chromosoma ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Lacadena ◽  
M. Candela
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Metaphase I

Evidence of nonchiasmate bonds at metaphase I in inbred rye

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Cermeño ◽  
J. Orellana ◽  
J. R. Lacadena
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Chromosome 1R ◽  
Metaphase I

The loss of bound chromosome arms through early, middle, and late metaphase I has been analyzed in a plant of inbred rye (Secale cereale L.) heterozygous for a terminal heterochromatic C-band of the long arm of chromosome 1R. From the increase in the number of univalent pairs due to bound arm loss, and from the comparison between the frequencies of bound arms at metaphase I and recombinant chromosomes at anaphase I, it is concluded that some of the chromosome bonds appearing at metaphase I are actually nonchiasmate associations that can be considered as remnants of prophase pairing. Conclusions concerning recombination obtained solely from the analysis of chiasma frequency measured as bound arms may be invalid.Key words: inbred rye, C-heterochromatin, meiotic pairing, nonchiasmate bonds.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF ISOZYMES WITH A RECIPROCAL TRANSLOCATION IN CULTIVATED RYE (SECALE CEREALE L.)

Genetics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-193
Author(s):  
Ana M Figueiras ◽  
Maria T Gonzalez-Jaen ◽  
Julio Salinas ◽  
Cesar Benito
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Reciprocal Translocation ◽  
Chromosome Arrangement ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Meiotic Configuration ◽  
Chromosome Arm ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Metaphase I

ABSTRACT In rye (Secale cereale L. cv. "Ailés") the progeny of a cross between a structural heterozygote for a reciprocal translocation (involving the 1R chromosome) and a homozygote for the standard chromosome arrangement were analyzed for the electrophoretic patterns of eight different leaf isozymes and also for their meiotic configuration at metaphase I.—The Got-3 and Mdh-2b loci are linked to each other and also to the reciprocal translocation. The Mdh-2b locus is located in the interstitial segment of the 3Rq chromosome arm, with an estimated distance of 8 cM to the breakpoint. Therefore, the reciprocal translocation involves the 1R and 3R chromosomes.—Also, the Mdh-1 and 6-Pgd-2 loci are linked (16 ± 3 cM) and have been located on the 2Rq arm. Finally, the Per-3 and Per-4 loci are located on the 2Rp chromosome arm at an estimated distance of 26 ± 4 cM.

Comparison between synaptonemal complexes at pachytene and chromosome association at metaphase I in heterozygotes for a "nonreciprocal" translocation of rye

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Naranjo ◽  
A. Roca ◽  
P. G. Goicoechea ◽  
J. H. de Jong ◽  
W. D. Smilde
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Chromosome Association ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex Formation ◽  
Metaphase I

A comparative analysis of synaptonemal complex formation at pachytene and chromosome association at metaphase I was carried out in heterozygotes for translocation T242W (2R/6R) of rye (Secale cereale L.). Synaptonemal complex formation supported earlier light microscopic observations that one exchanged segment of this translocation was very small and restricted to the telomere or had been lost. Negative interference between the interstitial segments with respect to chiasma formation was detected at metaphase I. This interference was apparently the result of the simultaneous occurrence of either asynapsis or nonhomologous pairing around the translocation point at pachytene. Negative interference detected across the centromere of 6R was attributed to nonhomologous pairing. The presence of an intercalary C-band in the interstitial segment 2RLi or in the 1RS arm had no apparent influence on synaptonemal complex formation. Unmatched ends of synaptonemal complex 1R and of the multivalent were in most cases associated with heterozygosity for the telomeric C-heterochromatin.Key words: Secale cereale, translocation, synapsis, interference, C-banding.

Relation between loss of chromosome associations at metaphase I and interference estimates in rye

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
A. Roca ◽  
T. Naranjo ◽  
P. G. Goicoechea ◽  
R. Giraldez
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Translocation Breakpoint ◽  
Negative Interference ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Chromosome Associations ◽  
I Cells ◽  
Chiasma Interference ◽  
Metaphase I

Interference between metaphase I associations (bonds) in specific segments of the chromosomes involved in translocation T242W of rye has been studied. Different values of coincidence were obtained at mid- and late metaphase I for all segment pairs analyzed. At mid-metaphase I there is negative interference between segments opposite to the translocation breakpoint and there is no cross-centromere interference. At late metaphase I there is negative interference in all these segment pairs. The comparison between mid- and late metaphase I cells also indicated that the frequency with which some of these segments are associated decreases along this stage. The possible causes of this decrease and its relation to the differences in coincidence estimates are discussed.Key words: Secale cereale L., translocations, chiasma interference.

Effet antioxydant et antihyperglycémiant du seigle (Secale cereale L.) et du sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) chez le rat Wistar rendu diabétique

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S273-S283
Author(s):  
Z. Mami-Soualem ◽  
N. Brixi ◽  
C. Beghdad ◽  
M. Belarbi
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Stress Oxydant ◽  
Habitudes Alimentaires ◽  
Diabète Sucré ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Vitamine C ◽  
Fibres Alimentaires ◽  
Peroxydation Lipidique ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Le changement des habitudes alimentaires au cours de ces dernières années a abouti à l’apparition des maladies dites de civilisation, parmi elles le diabète sucré. Des approches diétothérapeutiques privilégient la consommation des produits céréaliers sous la forme la plus complète possible. Ce travail a pour but de tester l’efficacité des régimes expérimentaux préparés à base des grains complets des deux céréales, le sorgho (Sorghum bicolor L.) et le seigle (Secale cereale L.), sur la correction de l’hyperglycémie et des marqueurs du stress oxydant associés au diabète chez le rat mâle Wistar. Les résultats montrent que les rats diabétiques, soumis au régime seigle pendant quatre semaines, présentent une diminution significative de la glycémie qui atteint les 53,95 % à la fin de l’expérimentation, ce qui fait que leur taux en glycémie se rapproche de celui des normoglycémiques. Le sorgho blanc présente, d’une part, une diminution significative de la peroxydation lipidique intracellulaire et, d’autre part, une augmentation de l’activité de la glutathion peroxydase, la glutathion réductase ainsi que la vitamine C. Ces approches méthodologiques peuvent, en améliorant la connaissance de l’importance des céréales (fibres alimentaires solubles et des polyphénols) dans l’évolution du diabète, aboutir à des recommandations et à une éducation nutritionnelle du diabétique.

scholarly journals Production of Methane, Hydrogen and Ethanol from Secale cereale L. Straw Pretreated with Sulfuric Acid

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Domański ◽  
Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk ◽  
Weronika Cieciura-Włoch ◽  
Piotr Patelski ◽  
Urszula Dziekońska-Kubczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rye Straw ◽  
Secale Cereale L

The study describes sulfuric acid pretreatment of straw from Secale cereale L. (rye straw) to evaluate the effect of acid concentration and treatment time on the efficiency of biofuel production. The highest ethanol yield occurred after the enzyme treatment at a dose of 15 filter paper unit (FPU) per gram of rye straw (subjected to chemical hydrolysis with 2% sulfuric acid (SA) at 121 °C for 1 h) during 120 h. Anaerobic digestion of rye straw treated with 10% SA at 121 °C during 1 h allowed to obtain 347.42 L methane/kg volatile solids (VS). Most hydrogen was released during dark fermentation of rye straw after pretreatment of 2% SA, 121 °C, 1 h and 1% SA, 121 °C, 2 h—131.99 and 134.71 L hydrogen/kg VS, respectively. If the rye straw produced in the European Union were processed into methane, hydrogen, ethanol, the annual electricity production in 2018 could reach 9.87 TWh (terawatt-hours), 1.16 TWh, and 0.60 TWh, respectively.

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