Effects of parentage, prior fruit set and pollen load on fruit and seed production in Campanula americana L

Oecologia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Richardson ◽  
Andrew G. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Campanula Americana

scholarly journals Cryogenic Storage of Tomato Pollen: Effect on Fecundity

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Sacks ◽  
Dina A. St. Clair
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Pollen Storage ◽  
Germplasm Storage ◽  
Cryogenic Storage ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Tomato Breeding ◽  
Pollen Effect

The influence of cryogenic pollen storage on fruit set and seed production in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was investigated. Flowers pollinated with pollen samples stored for 5 weeks at –80C, with or without 20 h precooling at 4C, had similar fruit set and number of viable seed per fruit as those pollinated with fresh pollen. Pollen samples, which were repeatedly cooled (–80C) and warmed (to 22 to 24C) for up to six cycles, continuously maintained the same viability as the fresh pollen. When cryogenically stored pollen of L. esculentum 2-837, LA359, LA3198, and LA3199 were used to pollinate LA359, the number of viable seed formed per fruit differed significantly. Results of this study suggest that pollen cryopreservation can be used successfully for tomato breeding and germplasm storage.

scholarly journals Crossability Between Wild (Malus sylvestris) and Cultivated (M. x domestica) Apples

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Larsen ◽  
M. Jensen ◽  
E. D. Kjær
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Malus X Domestica ◽  
Malus Sylvestris ◽  
Postzygotic Barriers

Abstract Malus sylvestris, a native fruit tree of Europe, is believed to be threatened by hybridization with the omnipresent cultivated apple (Malus x domestica). In the present study a series of controlled crossings were carried out in order to establish whether M. sylvestris can hybridize with its near relative, M. x domestica. By looking at fruit set, seed production, germination percentages, and development of seedlings following inter- and intraspecific crossings, no indication of neither pre- nor postzygotic barriers to hybridization between the two species was found. This can have important implications for management of the genetic resources of M. sylvestris.

The pollination ecology of the late-successional tree, Oroxylum indicum (Bignoniaceae) in Thailand

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (05) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuanjit Srithongchuay ◽  
Sara Bumrungsri ◽  
Ekapong Sripao-raya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Pollination Success ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Fruit Bat ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Multiple Species

Abstract:Although plant species that attract multiple species of pollinators predominate in tropical plant communities, pollination specialists appear to be at a greater advantage in tropical ecosystems in which pollinators are numerous and many plants flower synchronously. The present study determined the breeding system and legitimate pollinators ofOroxylum indicumVent. in Songkhla and Patthalung Provinces, Thailand.Oroxylum indicumexhibits steady-state flowering, with one or two flowers per inflorescence opening each night. Flowers open in the evening and drop off shortly after midnight, while its bilabiate stigma is highly sensitive, and quickly close upon being touched.Oroxylum indicumis self-incompatible. Hand-cross pollination and open pollination yielded the highest pollination success (47.7% and 31.2% respectively, n = 7 trees). About 900 pollen grains are needed for initiating fruit set. It is confirmed that a fruit bat,Eonycteris spelaea, is the legitimate pollinator. Bats are responsible for all pollen load and the pollen load from only one visit is generally sufficient to initiate fruit set. AlthoughEonycteris spelaeais effective, it is an inefficient pollinator. Compared with plant species pollinated by multiple animal species, the likelihood of pollination failure resulting from the decline in populations ofEonycteris spelaeawill be much more intense inOroxylum indicum.

scholarly journals Net Enclosure of ‘Honeycrisp’ and ‘Gala’ Apple Trees at Different Bloom Stages Affects Fruit Set and Alters Seed Production

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhles Elsysy ◽  
Sara Serra ◽  
Phil Schwallier ◽  
Stefano Musacchi ◽  
Todd Einhorn
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Parthenocarpic Fruit ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Commercial Crop ◽  
Mature Seeds

Thinning is a critical but challenging practice in apple production, especially for organic producers. The objective of this experiment was to determine if exclusion netting, used to manage insect pests and stress, could reduce fruit set and thinning requirements of ‘Gala’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ apple trees in Michigan and Washington, U.S.A., respectively. Nets were closed around whole canopies at different timings based on a predetermined percentage of open flowers. In 2017 and 2018, netted trees set a full commercial crop regardless of percentage of open bloom at the time of netting, including prebloom enclosures. Fruit set and yield of netted ‘Honeycrisp’ trees were significantly lower than non-netted, nonthinned controls but similar to non-netted hand-thinned controls. ‘Gala’ fruit set and yield did not differ among treatments. Exclusion netting markedly reduced the number of mature seeds and increased the number of nonfertilized seeds in both cultivars. Pollinator exclusion to ‘Gala’ in a frost year increased parthenocarpic fruit set two-fold compared to non-netted trees. Fruit size, shape, and quality attributes of ‘Gala’ were were similar among treatments, but ‘Honeycrisp’ fruit were significantly smaller than hand-thinned, non-netted controls. Netting may constitute an alternative, viable strategy to manage fruit set but requires testing on different cultivars.

scholarly journals POLLEN DISPERSION IN RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 874c-874
Author(s):  
Patricio Brevis ◽  
Scott NeSmith ◽  
Lynne Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Pollen Dispersion ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Novel Method

Poor fruit set is one of the most important horticultural problems of the rabbiteye blueberry industry. Rabbiteye blueberries require cross-pollination and several bee species are expected to transfer pollen from one cultivar to another. A novel method was developed to measure bee-mediated pollen dispersion in rabbiteye blueberry. Pollen diameters were used to predict the proportion of cross-pollen in bumble bees' pollen load. Bumble bees visiting blueberry flowers had low proportions of cross-pollen. It is proposed that inadequate levels of cross-pollination play a major role in the failure of rabbiteye blueberries to set adequate commercial crops. The composition of bees' pollen load changed with the phenology of the crop. Data indicate that the greatest likelihood for cross-pollination occurred around the time of maximum bloom overlap of the two studied cultivars.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BORON DAN WAKTU PEMANENAN POLEN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN VIABILITAS POLEN TETUA JANTAN SEMANGKA (Citrullus lanatus Thunberg.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Aris Susanto ◽  
Sri Hartatik ◽  
Muh. Burhan Rosyidi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Male Flower ◽  
Random Group ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Hybrid Seeds ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Factorial Design Of Experiments

Pollen management is one of the important factors in the production of hybrid seeds. The main obstacle in the seed production of hybrid watermelon are the appearance of the flowers do not coincide, and limited the availability of pollen with high viability. This research aims to the of dosage of boron and pollen harvesting time the pollen production and viability of pollen watermelon male parent. The research was done on a farm Seed Production Research Land of PT. Benih Citra Asia, sub-district Ajung, districts Jember and done with a random group of factorial design of experiments, with the first factor: 4 level doses of boron, and the second factor: 3 time harvesting the pollen, with each combination treatment is repeated as many as three times. The research result of which demonstrate of application of boron 1,0 kg ha-1 and time of harvesting the pollen pre-anthesis produces the successs of pollination to 100%. The boron dosage 1 kg ha-1 is able to give the age of male flowers faster which is 25,89 DAP, and the age of female flowers is faster which is 31,67 DAP, and produces a higher fruit set that is 94,44%. The time for harvesting pollen in anthesis phase produces the highest pollen germination, which 63,81%.Keywords: male flower, media Brewbaker and Kwack, germination pollen, fruit set

The beneficial effect of ants on the reproductive success of Dyckia floribunda (Bromeliaceae), an extrafloral nectary plant

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L Vesprini ◽  
Leonardo Galetto ◽  
Gabriel Bernardello
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Extrafloral Nectaries ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Mutualistic Association

Dyckia floribunda is a perennial herb from the Argentinian Chaco with extrafloral nectaries. Ants visited these nectaries while patrolling inflorescences and infructescences. We anticipated that ants attracted to extrafloral nectaries might protect the reproductive organs, increasing plant reproductive output. To evaluate the possibility of mutualism between D. floribunda and ant visitors, we determined whether ant-accessible plants showed a higher seed production than ant-excluded plants. Experimental fieldwork suggested a decrease in fruit set of ant-excluded plants compared with ant-accessible plants but the seed number per fruit was not affected by ant exclusion. Thus, total seed number per plant was highly reduced in treated spikes. Analyses of covariance confirmed these trends, indicating that total seed production per plant was strongly affected by ant exclusion. This study marks the first experimental report of this mutualistic association in Bromeliaceae.Key words: ant–plant interaction, Bromeliaceae, Chaco, Dyckia floribunda, fruit set, seed set, mutualism.

Pollen load, capsule weight, and seed production in three orchid species

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Proctor ◽  
L. D. Harder
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Ovule Number ◽  
Cypripedium Calceolus ◽  
The Relationship

Relationships between pollen load, seed production, and capsule weight in orchids are important both theoretically and pragmatically. It has been hypothesized that pollen packets (pollinia) evolved in orchids because of selection to produce packages capable of fertilizing all ovules in an ovary; testing this hypothesis requires information about the relationship between pollen load and seed production. As well, because capsules contain thousands to millions of seeds, an easily measured correlate of seed number, such as capsule weight, would be valuable for studies of reproductive success. We hand-pollinated Cypripedium calceolus, Amerorchis rotundifolia, and Calypso bulbosa with different pollen loads, weighed capsules, and estimated seed number by subsampling from liquid suspension. Pollen load affected seed number in Calypso but had no significant effect in Cypripedium or Amerorchis. Capsule weight was positively associated with seed number in all species, but there was considerable variation in R2 across species (from 0.40 to 0.85), indicating that it is unwise to assume that capsule weight is a good measure of relative reproductive success. As well, our data suggest that size of the typical unit of pollen deposition rather than that of the entire pollinarium evolved to match ovule number in orchids. Key words: Orchidaceae, pollen load, capsule weight, seed set.

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