Regeneration and post-metamorphic development of the central nervous system in the protochordate Ciona intestinalis: a study with monoclonal antibodies

1995 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bollner ◽  
Sarah Howalt ◽  
Michael C. Thorndyke ◽  
Philip W. Beesley
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Metamorphic Development ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Interaction of notochord-derived fibrinogen-like protein with Notch regulates the patterning of the central nervous system of Ciona intestinalis embryos

2009 ◽  
Vol 328 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigehiro Yamada ◽  
Kohji Hotta ◽  
Takamasa S. Yamamoto ◽  
Naoto Ueno ◽  
Nori Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies involve reversible cranial dura matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kataoka ◽  
Daisuke Shimada ◽  
Hitoki Nanaura ◽  
Kazuma Sugie
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Programmed Cell Death 1 ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACT This case is the first document to describe a patient receiving anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibodies which showed cranial dura matter involvement. According to the increasing use of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies, adverse effects can occur in several organs since its ligand PD-L1 and PD-L2 are expressed in a wide variety of tissues. The estimated rate of neurological complications is 1–4.2% of patients, and neuromuscular disorders are the most common. Adverse effects on the central nervous system including encephalitis are less frequent. Here, a patient receiving anti-PD-1 antibodies showed cranial dura matter involvement, and the dura enhancement on MRI was resolved by withdrawal of the treatment with anti-PD-1 antibodies only.

Immunology of Multiple Sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Piccio ◽  
Anne H. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Treatment

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that targets myelin but affects both white matter and gray matter. Multiple sclerosis is thought to be mediated by cells of the adaptive and innate immune systems. CD4+ T lymphocytes of the Th1 and Th17 subtypes are believed to be critical for the initiation of multiple sclerosis. Treatment with monoclonal antibodies that deplete B lymphocytes has proven that B cells are critical to relapse development in multiple sclerosis. While immunopathophysiology is clearly important in MS, whether multiple sclerosis is truly an autoimmune disorder and the target or targets of the autoimmunity remain unknown.

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