Ultrastructural localisation of NADPH-diaphorase in the chick thymic medulla

1995 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punam Gulati ◽  
An-Soo Chan ◽  
Seng-Kee Leong
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Thymic Medulla

Ultrastructural localisation of NADPH-diaphorase in the chick thymic medulla

1995 ◽  
Vol 279 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-409
Author(s):  
Punam Gulati ◽  
An-Soo Chan ◽  
Seng-Kee Leong
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Thymic Medulla

scholarly journals NADPH Diaphorase Histochemistry Detects Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthetase Activity in the Thymus of Naive and Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-stimulated Mice

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 787-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Virág ◽  
György Haskó ◽  
Andrew L. Salzman ◽  
Csaba Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Mouse Thymus ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthetase ◽  
Thymic Medulla ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Here we examined the changes in NADPH diaphorase (NADPHd) and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) positivity in the medulla of the mouse thymus in response to treatment with the superantigen, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). A few NADPHd+ and iNOS+ cells scattered in the medulla were detected in the thymi of naive mice. SEB induced the appearance of a large number of NADPHd+- and iNOS-immunoreactive cells in the thymic medulla. In the thymus of iNOS-deficient mice, a total absence of these NADPHd+ and iNOS+ medullary cells was found both under basal conditions and after SEB stimulation. With the NADPHd reaction, only endothelial staining was detected in the thymi of iNOS-deficient mice. Our data indicate that NADPHd+ cells in the thymic medulla express iNOS and that SEB induces iNOS expression in the mouse thymus.

scholarly journals Selective involution of thymic medulla by cyclosporine A with a decrease of mature thymic epithelia, XCR1+ dendritic cells, and epithelium-free areas containing Foxp3+ thymic regulatory T cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Sawanobori ◽  
Yusuke Kitazawa ◽  
Hisashi Ueta ◽  
Kenjiro Matsuno ◽  
Nobuko Tokuda
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Thymic Medulla ◽  
Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells

AbstractImmunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine A (CSA) can disrupt thymic structure and functions, ultimately inducing syngeneic/autologous graft-versus-host disease together with involuted medullas. To elucidate the effects of CSA on the thymus more precisely, we analyzed the effects of CSA on the thymus and T cell system using rats. In addition to confirming the phenomena already reported, we newly found that the proportion of recent thymic emigrants also greatly decreased, suggesting impaired supply. Immunohistologically, the medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) presented with a relative decrease in the subset with a competent phenotype and downregulation of class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. In control rats, thymic dendritic cells (DCs) comprised two subsets, XCR1+SIRP1α−CD4− and XCR1−SIRP1α+CD4+. The former had a tendency to selectively localize in the previously-reported epithelium-containing areas of the rat medullas, and the number was significantly reduced by CSA treatment. The epithelium-free areas, another unique domains in the rat medullas, contained significantly more Foxp3+ thymic Tregs. With CSA treatment, the epithelium-free areas presented strong involution, and the number and distribution of Tregs in the medulla were greatly reduced. These results suggest that CSA inhibits the production of single-positive thymocytes, including Tregs, and disturbs the microenvironment of the thymic medulla, with a decrease of the competent mTECs and disorganization of epithelium-free areas and DC subsets, leading to a generation of autoreactive T cells with selective medullary involution.

Morphological analyses of NADPH-diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase positive structures in human visual cortex

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 770-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans -Joachim L�th ◽  
Annelies Hedlich ◽  
Heidegard Hilbig ◽  
Ernst Winkelmann ◽  
Bernd Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Human Visual Cortex ◽  
Oxide Synthase

256 NADPH-diaphorase activity in the paraventricular and sypraoptic nuclei in postnatal rat

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. S49
Author(s):  
YiMu Yang ◽  
Hitoshi Ozawa ◽  
Kazunari Yuri ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kawata
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Diaphorase Activity

scholarly journals A Role for Fas in Negative Selection of Thymocytes In Vivo

1998 ◽  
Vol 187 (9) ◽  
pp. 1427-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro Kishimoto ◽  
Charles D. Surh ◽  
Jonathan Sprent
Keyword(s):  
Negative Selection ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Thymic Medulla ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Specific Peptide ◽  
Selection Of

To seek information on the role of Fas in negative selection, we examined subsets of thymocytes from normal neonatal mice versus Fas-deficient lpr/lpr mice injected with graded doses of antigen. In normal mice, injection of 1–100 μg of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) induced clonal elimination of SEB-reactive Vβ8+ cells at the level of the semi-mature population of HSAhi CD4+ 8− cells found in the thymic medulla; deletion of CD4+ 8+ cells was minimal. SEB injection also caused marked elimination of Vβ8+ HSAhi CD4+ 8− thymocytes in lpr/lpr mice. Paradoxically, however, elimination of these cells in lpr/lpr mice was induced by low-to-moderate doses of SEB (≤1 μg) but not by high doses (100 μg). Similar findings applied when T cell receptor transgenic mice were injected with specific peptide. These findings suggest that clonal elimination of semi-mature medullary T cells is Fas independent at low doses of antigen but Fas dependent at high doses. Previous reports documenting that negative selection is not obviously impaired in lpr/lpr mice could thus reflect that the antigens studied were expressed at only a low level.

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