Visual contrast detection by a single channel versus probability summation among channels

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Probability Summation ◽  
Contrast Detection ◽  
Visual Contrast

scholarly journals Combining Visual Contrast Information with Sound Can Produce Faster Decisions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Dresp-Langley ◽  
Marie Monfouga
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Probability Summation ◽  
Visual Contrast ◽  
Contrast Information ◽  
The Right

Pieron's and Chocholle’s seminal psychophysical work predicts that human response time to information relative to visual contrast and/or sound frequency decreases when contrast intensity or sound frequency increases. The goal of this study is to bring to the fore the ability of individuals to use visual contrast intensity and sound frequency in combination for faster perceptual decisions of relative depth (“nearer”) in planar (2D) object configurations on the basis of physical variations in luminance contrast. Computer controlled images with two abstract patterns of varying contrast intensity, one on the left and one on the right, preceded or not by a pure tone of varying frequency, were shown to healthy young humans in controlled experimental sequences. Their task (two-alternative forced-choice) was to decide as quickly as possible which of two patterns, the left or the right one, in a given image appeared to “stand out as if it were nearer” in terms of apparent (subjective) visual depth. The results show that the combinations of varying relative visual contrast with sounds of varying frequency exploited here produced an additive effect on choice response times in terms of facilitation, where a stronger visual contrast combined with a higher sound frequency produced shorter forced-choice response times. This new effect is predicted by cross-modal audio-visual probability summation.

Effects of Typical, Atypical, and No Antipsychotic Drugs on Visual Contrast Detection in Schizophrenia

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 1795-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Chen ◽  
Deborah L. Levy ◽  
Summer Sheremata ◽  
Ken Nakayama ◽  
Steven Matthysse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Contrast Detection ◽  
Visual Contrast

scholarly journals Combining Visual Contrast Information with Sound Can Produce Faster Decisions

Information ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Dresp-Langley ◽  
Marie Monfouga
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Probability Summation ◽  
Visual Contrast ◽  
Contrast Information ◽  
The Right

Pieron’s and Chocholle’s seminal psychophysical work predicts that human response time to information relative to visual contrast and/or sound frequency decreases when contrast intensity or sound frequency increases. The goal of this study is to bring to the forefront the ability of individuals to use visual contrast intensity and sound frequency in combination for faster perceptual decisions of relative depth (“nearer”) in planar (2D) object configurations based on physical variations in luminance contrast. Computer controlled images with two abstract patterns of varying contrast intensity, one on the left and one on the right, preceded or not by a pure tone of varying frequency, were shown to healthy young humans in controlled experimental sequences. Their task (two-alternative, forced-choice) was to decide as quickly as possible which of two patterns, the left or the right one, in a given image appeared to “stand out as if it were nearer” in terms of apparent (subjective) visual depth. The results showed that the combinations of varying relative visual contrast with sounds of varying frequency exploited here produced an additive effect on choice response times in terms of facilitation, where a stronger visual contrast combined with a higher sound frequency produced shorter forced-choice response times. This new effect is predicted by audio-visual probability summation.

scholarly journals Contrast Detection Learning Improves Visual Contrast Sensitivity of Cat

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Tian-Miao HUA ◽  
Zhen-Hua WANG ◽  
Jin-Wang XU ◽  
Jian-Gang DIAO
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Contrast Detection ◽  
Visual Contrast ◽  
Visual Contrast Sensitivity

scholarly journals No apparent influence of psychometrically-defined schizotypy on orientation-dependent contextual modulation of visual contrast detection

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien J. Mannion ◽  
Chris Donkin ◽  
Thomas J. Whitford
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Target Pattern ◽  
Contextual Modulation ◽  
Contrast Detection ◽  
Visual Contrast ◽  
Relative Score

We investigated the relationship between psychometrically-defined schizotypy and the ability to detect a visual target pattern. Target detection is typically impaired by a surrounding pattern (context) with an orientation that is parallel to the target, relative to a surrounding pattern with an orientation that is orthogonal to the target (orientation-dependent contextual modulation). Based on reports that this effect is reduced in those with schizophrenia, we hypothesised that there would be a negative relationship between the relative score on psychometrically-defined schizotypy and the relative effect of orientation-dependent contextual modulation. We measured visual contrast detection thresholds and scores on the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE) from a non-clinical sample (N= 100). Contrary to our hypothesis, we find an absence of a monotonic relationship between the relative magnitude of orientation-dependent contextual modulation of visual contrast detection and the relative score on any of the subscales of the O-LIFE. The apparent difference of this result with previous reports on those with schizophrenia suggests that orientation-dependent contextual modulation may be an informative condition in which schizophrenia and psychometrically-defined schizotypy are dissociated. However, further research is also required to clarify the strength of orientation-dependent contextual modulation in those with schizophrenia.

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