Pharmacokinetics of IV and oral acetyl-L-carnitine in a multiple dose regimen in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type

1992 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Parnetti ◽  
A. Gaiti ◽  
P. Mecocci ◽  
D. Cadini ◽  
U. Senin
Keyword(s):  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Dementia Of Alzheimer Type ◽  
Multiple Dose Regimen

In vivo exploration of brain phosphorus 31 metabolism in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
G Mecheri ◽  
Y Bissuel ◽  
J Dalery ◽  
JL Terra ◽  
G Balvay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Phospholipid Metabolism ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Dementia Of Alzheimer Type ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain

SummaryIn vivo NMR 31p spectroscopy is a non invasive, non ionizing method of exploration of energy and phospholipid metabolism in the brain. This study consisted of comparing 31p spectra in five patients with Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type (SDAT) with those of four controls of similar ages. Abnormal phosphonionocsters (PME) concentrations, either high or low, were found in the patients, but statistical analysis did not elicit any significant difference relative to controls.

Efficacy of a Single Dose versus a Multiple Dose Regimen of Mebendazole against Hookworm Infections among School Children: a Randomized Open-label Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegegne Eshetu ◽  
Mulugeta Aemero ◽  
Ayalew Jejaw
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
Dose Treatment ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Multiple Dose Regimen ◽  
Hookworm Infections

Abstract Background: Despite the existence of a population-based control program using single dose albendazole or mebendazole as a preventive chemotherapy, hookworm transmission remains high. It causes a negative impact on the growth and school performance of children. In connection to this preventive chemotherapy, different studies produced conflicting results. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of single (500mg) versus multiple doses (100mg twice a day during three consecutive days) of mebendazole against hookworm infections among school-aged children. Methods: This randomized open-label clinical trial took place among school-aged children (6-14 years old) in Burie and Debre Elias towns, Northwest Ethiopia. Using simple randomization, eligible hookworm-positive children were allocated (1:1) to either a single or multiple dose treatment arms. Stool samples were collected and processed using McMaster method at baseline and follow-up period (14-21 days after treatment). Only laboratory technicians were blinded. The cure and egg reduction rates which were assessed after 14-21 days of treatment were the primary and secondary therapeutic outcome measures against hookworm infections, respectively. An independent t-test was used to compare group means, and logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR). P-value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Result: 108 children, 54 in each treatment arm had completed baseline data and received allocated treatment. 103 children had completed follow-up data records and included for the final efficacy analysis. Cure rate against hookworm was significantly higher in the multiple dose (96.1%) than in the single dose (30.8%) with OR=55.125; 95% CI: 11.92-254.9; P < 0.001. The egg reduction rate in the multiple dose treatment arm (99.5%) was also significantly higher than in the single dose arm (68.9%) with difference t (101) =5.38; 95% CI 230.95-505.36; P < 0.001. Conclusion: The single dose regimen of mebendazole for the treatment of hookworm infections showed poor cure and egg reduction rates, while the multiple dose revealed satisfactory. Although multiple dose regimen administration is a bit more complex than the single dose, we strongly encourage replacing it with multiple dose regimen during deworming programs in hookworm endemic areas. Trial registration: This trial is registered in www.pactr.org, # PACTR201911466695052.

Efficacy of a Single dose versus a Multiple Dose Regimen of Mebendazole against Hookworm Infections among School Children: A Randomized Single-Blinded Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegegne Eshetu ◽  
Mulugeta Aemero ◽  
Ayalew Jejaw
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Multiple Dose Regimen ◽  
Hookworm Infections

Abstract Background : Despite the existence of population-based control program using single dose albendazole or mebendazole as a preventive chemotherapy, Hookworm disease transmissions remains high. It causes a negative impact on the growth and school performance of children. In connection to this preventive chemotherapy, different studies produced conflicting results. This study evaluated the efficacy of single (500mg) versus multiple doses (100mg twice a day during three consecutive days) of mebendazole against Hookworm infections among school aged children. Methods : This randomized single-blinded clinical trial took place among school-aged children (6-14 years old) in Burie and Debre Elias towns, Northwest Ethiopia. Using simple randomization, eligible Hookworm positive children were allocated (1:1) to either a single or multiple doses treatment arm. Stool samples were collected and processed using McMaster method at baseline and follow-up period (14-21 days after treatment). Main outcome measures : The cure rate against Hookworm and egg reduction rate for determining the changes in infection intensity were the main outcome measures after 14-21 days following dosing. An independent t-test was used to compare group means, and logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR). P-value < 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Result: 109 children were participated in both treatment arms. Cure rate against Hookworm was significantly higher in the multiple dose (96.1%) than in the single dose (30.8%) with (OR=55.125; 95% CI: 11.92-254.9; P < 0.001). The egg reduction rate in the multiple dose treatment arm (99.5%) was also significantly higher than in the single dose arm (68.9%) with difference (t (101) =5.38; 95% CI 230.95-505.36; P < 0.001). Conclusion : The single dose regimen of mebendazole for the treatment of Hookworm infection showed poor efficacy, while the multiple dose revealed satisfactory efficacy. Moreover, infection intensity reduction was not achieved following single dosing. Therefore, we strongly recommend replacing the single dose mebendazole regimen with multiple dose regimen during deworming program in hookworm endemic areas. Trial registration : This trial is registered in www.pactr.org , # PACTR201911466695052

scholarly journals Irregular Distortion of The Erythrocytes (Acanthocytes, Spur Cells) in Senile Dementia

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Goodall ◽  
A. H. Reid ◽  
D. J. Findlay ◽  
C. Hind ◽  
J. Kay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Alzheimer Type ◽  
Dementia Of Alzheimer Type

An excess of irregularly di storted red cells with spiked forms (acanthocytes. spur cells) has been found in a substantial minority of patient s with seni le dementia of Alzheimer type (7 of 50 patients, 3 of 21 men and 4 of 29 women). Of 100 control patients, 42 men and 58 women), 5 (men and 2 women) showed comparable distortion, but, of these, one man may well have incipient dementia and the others had serious organic di seases which may be associated with comparable erythrocytic changes. The cause of the distortion is not yet clear, but the presence of occasional giant erythrocytes in the absence of general macrocytosis suggests a possible abnormality of cell membrane synthes is. This distortion may be a useful marker in patients with loss of memory. Whether it is a manifestation of a haemopoietic clone or a constitutional anomaly associated with Alzheimer’s disease remains to be seen.

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