Inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in sexual crosses and protoplast cell fusions in Lentinula edodes

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Fukuda ◽  
Yukiko Harada ◽  
Satoko Imahori ◽  
Yukitaka Fukumasa-Nakai ◽  
Yasuo Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Sexual Crosses ◽  
Cell Fusions

scholarly journals Propagation of a Novel Cytoplasmic, Infectious and Deleterious Determinant Is Controlled by Translational Accuracy in Podospora anserina

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Silar ◽  
Vicki Haedens ◽  
Michèle Rossignol ◽  
Hervé Lalucque
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Podospora Anserina ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Translational Accuracy ◽  
Active Growth Period ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Sexual Crosses

AbstractSome mutant strains of the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina spontaneously present a growth impairment, which has been called Crippled Growth (CG). CG is caused by a cytoplasmic and infectious factor, C. C is efficiently transmitted during mitosis but is not transmitted to the progeny after sexual crosses. C is induced by stationary phase and cured by various means, most of which stress the cells. Translational accuracy is shown to tightly regulate the propagation of C during the active growth period, because its propagation in dividing hyphae is restricted to cells that display an increased translational accuracy. However, induction of C in stationary phase proceeds independently from the translational accuracy status of the strain. CG does not seem to be accompanied by mitochondrial DNA modifications, although C activates the action of the Determinant of Senescence, another cytoplasmic and infectious element, which causes a disorganization of the mitochondrial genome. In addition, presence of C drastically modifies the spectrum of the mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in AS6-5 mat–cultures during Senescence. C seems to belong to the growing list of unconventional genetic elements. The biological significance of such elements is discussed.

scholarly journals Variable Number Tandem Repeats in the Mitochondrial DNA of Lentinula edodes

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Kim ◽  
Song ◽  
Ha ◽  
Moon ◽  
Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Type I ◽  
Complementary Sequence ◽  
Repeat Units ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeats

Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Lentinula edodes are of interest for their role in mtDNA variation and their application as genetic marker. Sequence analysis of three L. edodes mtDNAs revealed the presence of VNTRs of two categories. Type I VNTRs consist of two types of repeat units in a symmetric distribution, whereas Type II VNTRs contain tandemly arrayed repeats of 7- or 17-bp DNA sequences. The number of repeat units was variable depending on the mtDNA of different strains. Using the variations in VNTRs as a mitochondrial marker and the A mating type as a nuclear type marker, we demonstrated that one of the two nuclei in the donor dikaryon preferentially enters into the monokaryotic cytoplasm to establish a new dikaryon which still retains the mitochondria of the monokaryon in the individual mating. Interestingly, we found 6 VNTRs with newly added repeat units from the 22 mates, indicating that elongation of VNTRs occurs during replication of mtDNA. This, together with comparative analysis of the repeating pattern, enables us to propose a mechanistic model that explains the elongation of Type I VNTRs through reciprocal incorporation of basic repeat units, 5’-TCCCTTTAGGG-3’ and its complementary sequence (5’-CCCTAAAGGGA-3’).

scholarly journals MITOCHONDRIAL GENETICS VII. ALLELISM AND MAPPING STUDIES OF RIBOSOMAL MUTANTS RESISTANT TO CHLORAMPHENICOL, ERYTHROMYCIN AND SPIRAMYCIN IN S. CEREVISIAE

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1100
Author(s):  
Pierre Netter ◽  
Eric Petrochilo ◽  
Piotr P Slonimski ◽  
Monique Bolotin-Fukuhara ◽  
Dario Coen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
General Mapping ◽  
Allelism Tests ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Mitochondrial Locus ◽  
In Cis ◽  
Spontaneous Mutants ◽  
Sexual Crosses

ABSTRACT We have isolated 15 spontaneous mutants resistant to one or several antibiotics like chloramphenicol, erythromycin and spiramycin. We have shown by several criteria that all of them result from mutations localized in the mitochondrial DNA. The mutations have been mapped by allelism tests and by two- and three-factor crosses involving various configurations of resistant and sensitive alleles associated in cis or in trans with the mitochondrial locus ω which governs the polarity of genetic recombination. A general mapping procedure based on results of heterosexual (ω+ × ω-) crosses and applicable to mutations localized in the polar segment is described and shown to be more resolving than that based on results of homosexual crosses. Mutations fall into three loci which are all linked and map in the following order: ω-RI-RII-RIII. The first locus is very tightly linked with ω while the second is less linked to the first. Mutations of similar resistance phenotype can belong to different loci and different phenotypes to the same locus. Mutations confer antibiotic resistance on isolated mitochondrial ribosomel and delineate a ribosomal segment of the mitochondrial DNA. Homo- and hetero-sexual crosses between mutants of the ribosomal segment and those belonging to the genetically unlinked ATPase locus, OI, have been performed in various allele configurations. The polarity of recombination between RI, RII, RIII and OI decreases as a function of the distance of the R locus from the ω locus rather than as a function of the distance of the R locus from the OI locus.

Evaluation of the dark field method for large association of spread DNA

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Kinetoplast Dna ◽  
Field Electron ◽  
Field Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dark Field Electron

A number of satisfactory methods are available for the electron microscopy of nicleic acids. These methods concentrated on fragments of nuclear, viral and mitochondrial DNA less than 50 megadaltons, on denaturation and heteroduplex mapping (Davies et al 1971) or on the interaction between proteins and DNA (Brack and Delain 1975). Less attention has been paid to the experimental criteria necessary for spreading and visualisation by dark field electron microscopy of large intact issociations of DNA. This communication will report on those criteria in relation to the ultrastructure of the (approx. 1 x 10-14g) DNA component of the kinetoplast from Trypanosomes. An extraction method has been developed to eliminate native endonucleases and nuclear contamination and to isolate the kinetoplast DNA (KDNA) as a compact network of high molecular weight. In collaboration with Dr. Ch. Brack (Basel [nstitute of Immunology), we studied the conditions necessary to prepare this KDNA Tor dark field electron microscopy using the microdrop spreading technique.

Properties of Isolated Mitochondria of Agaricus Bisporus: Their Relationship to Dormancy and the Germination of Spores

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
K. S. McCarty ◽  
R. F. Weave ◽  
L. Kemper ◽  
F. S. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Isolated Mitochondria ◽  
Dna Strands ◽  
Cytoplasmic Ribosomes

During the prodromal stages of sporulation in the Basidiomycete, Agaricus bisporus, mitochondria accumulate in the basidial cells, zygotes, in the gill tissues prior to entry of these mitochondria, together with two haploid nuclei and cytoplasmic ribosomes, into the exospores. The mitochondria contain prominent loci of DNA [Fig. 1]. A modified Kleinschmidt spread technique1 has been used to evaluate the DNA strands from purified whole mitochondria released by osmotic shock, mitochondrial DNA purified on CsCl gradients [density = 1.698 gms/cc], and DNA purified on ethidium bromide CsCl gradients. The DNA appeared as linear strands up to 25 u in length and circular forms 2.2-5.2 u in circumference. In specimens prepared by osmotic shock, many strands of DNA are apparently attached to membrane fragments [Fig. 2]. When mitochondria were ruptured in hypotonic sucrose and then fixed in glutaraldehyde, the ribosomes were released for electron microscopic examination.

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