Comparative analysis of regional brain blood flow and glucose metabolism in focal cerebrovascular disease measured by dynamic positron emission tomography of fluorine-18-labelled tracers

1987 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Beil
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Positron Emission

scholarly journals The Influence of Tissue Heterogeneity on Results of Fitting Nonlinear Model Equations to Regional Tracer Uptake Curves: With an Application to Compartmental Models Used in Positron Emission Tomography

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Herholz ◽  
C. S. Patlak
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Input Function ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Compartmental Models ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Tissue Heterogeneity ◽  
Positron Emission

An analytical method based on Taylor expansions was developed to analyze errors caused by tissue heterogeneity in dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) measurements. Some general rules concerning the effect of parameter variances and covariances were derived. The method was further applied to various compartmental models currently used for measurement of blood flow, capillary permeability, glucose metabolism, and tracer binding. Blood flow and capillary permeability are shown to be generally underestimated in heterogenous tissue, the underestimation being more severe for slowly decaying, constant or increasing input functions rather than for bolus input, and increasing with measurement time. Typical errors caused by the heterogeneity due to insufficient separation between gray and white matter by a PET scanner with full width at half-maximum (FWHM)= 5 to 10 mm resolution range between–0.9 and–6% in dynamic CBF measurements with intravenous (i. v.) bolus injection of 15O-water or inhalation of 18F-fluoromethane and total measurement times of6 or 10 min, respectively. Binding or metabolic rates determined with tracers that are essentially trapped in tissue (e.g., FDG for measurement of cerebral glucose metabolism) are only slightly overestimated (0.5–3.0%) at typical measurement times and are essentially independent of the shape of the input function. The error increases considerably if tracer accumulation is very slow, however, or if short measurement times [<5/(k2 + k3)] are used. Some rate constants are also subject to larger errors.

Brain Blood Flow in the Nitroglycerin (Gtn) Model of Migraine: Measurement Using Positron Emission Tomography and Transcranial Doppler

Cephalalgia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM Bednarczyk ◽  
DS Wack ◽  
MY Kassab ◽  
K Burch ◽  
K Trinidad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Subcutaneous Sumatriptan ◽  
History Of

Nitroglycerin has been widely used as a model of experimental migraine. Studies combining measurement of flow velocity using transcranial Doppler (TCD) concurrently with measures of cerebral blood flow (CBF) are uncommon. We report the results of a study combining TCD and positron emission tomography (PET). Healthy volunteers with no personal or family history of migraine underwent measurement of CBF using H215O PET, and velocity using TCD. Measurements were done at baseline, and following i.v. nitroglycerin at 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 μg/kg per min. Subcutaneous sumatriptan (6 mg) was injected, with CBF and velocity measured 15, 30, and 60 min later. Nitroglycerin was terminated and measurements obtained 30 min later. Six male and six female subjects were studied. Nitroglycerin increased global CBF while flow velocities decreased. Sumatriptan did not have a significant effect on these values. Regions of increased flow included the anterior cingulate, while regions of decreased flow included the occipital cortex. Our data suggest that nitroglycerin induces regional changes in CBF that are similar to changes reported in spontaneous migraine, but produces distinctly different effects on global CBF and velocity.

scholarly journals Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism Measured With Positron Emission Tomography Are Decreased in Human Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 2898-2904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa W. van Golen ◽  
Marc C. Huisman ◽  
Richard G. Ijzerman ◽  
Nikie J. Hoetjes ◽  
Lothar A. Schwarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Human Type 1 Diabetes

scholarly journals Model Dependency and Estimation Reliability in Measurement of Cerebral Oxygen Utilization Rate with Oxygen-15 and Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Cheng Huang ◽  
DaGan Feng ◽  
Michael E. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Oxygen Extraction Fraction ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Extraction Fraction ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Model Configuration

The use of oxygen-15 and dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) for the measurement of CMRO was investigated in terms of the achievable accuracy of CMRO and its sensitivity to model configuration assumed in the estimation. Three models of different descriptions for the vascular radioactivity in tissue were examined by computer simulation. By simulating the tracer kinetics with one model and curve fitting them with another, it was found that the CMRO measurement was very sensitive to the model configuration used and it needed kinetic data of low noise level to determine the correct model to use. The approach of sensitivity functions and covariance matrices was used to examine the estimation reliability and error propagation of the model parameters. It was found that for all three model configurations examined the reliability of the CMRO estimate was dependent on the blood flow and oxygen extraction fraction in tissue (∼2% in tissues of high blood flow and normal extraction and 10% in tissues of low blood flow and low extraction fraction, in a study of 1 × 106 counts/brain slice in 3 min). The estimation reliability is drastically decreased if the total data collection time is reduced to 1 min but is not critically sensitive to the scan sampling interval used. Estimating blood flow or vascular volume simultaneously with CMRO will reduce the reliability of the CMRO estimate by ∼50%. Propagation of parameter error from blood flow or vascular volume to CMRO is dependent on the model configuration as well as the scanning schedule and estimation procedure used. Results from the study provide useful information for improving the study procedure of CMRO measurements. The present study also illustrates a general representation of PET measurements and an approach that can be applied to other tracer techniques in PET for selecting appropriate model configurations and for designing proper experimental procedures.

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