Ontogeny of the carotid body and glomus cells distributed in the wall of the common carotid artery and its branches in the chicken

1990 ◽  
Vol 261 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Kameda
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Glomus Cells ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Role of the Carotid Body in an Ovine Model of Renovascular Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1451-1460
Author(s):  
Joshua Wen-Han Chang ◽  
Tycho R. Tromp ◽  
Jaap A. Joles ◽  
Fiona D. McBryde ◽  
Julian F.R. Paton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Sinus Nerve ◽  
Ovine Model ◽  
Vascular Conductance ◽  
The Common

The carotid body is implicated as an important mediator and potential treatment target for hypertension. The mechanisms driving increased carotid body tonicity in hypertension are incompletely understood. Using a large preclinical animal model, which is crucial for translation, we hypothesized that carotid sinus nerve denervation would chronically decrease blood pressure in a renovascular ovine model of hypertension in which hypertonicity of the carotid body is associated with reduced common carotid artery blood flow. Adult ewes underwent either unilateral renal artery clipping or sham surgery. Two weeks later, flow probes were placed around the contralateral renal and common carotid arteries. Hypertension was accompanied by a significant reduction in common carotid blood flow but no change in renal blood flow. Carotid sinus nerve denervation significantly reduced blood pressure compared with sham. In both hypertensive and normotensive animals, carotid body stimulation using potassium cyanide caused dose-dependent increases in mean arterial pressure and common carotid conductance but a reduction in renal vascular conductance. These responses were not different between the animal groups. Taken together, our findings indicate that (1) the carotid body is activated in renovascular hypertension, and this is associated with reduced blood flow (decreased vascular conductance) in the common carotid artery and (2) the carotid body can differentially regulate blood flow to the common carotid and renal arteries. We suggest that in the ovine renovascular model, carotid body hypertonicity may be a product of reduced common carotid artery blood flow and plays an amplifying role with the kidney in the development of hypertension.

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