Paternal plastid inheritance in alfalfa: plastid nucleoid number within generative cells correlates poorly with plastid number and male plastid transmission trength

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Shi ◽  
Tong Zhu ◽  
H. Lloyd Mogensen ◽  
S. E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Plastid Inheritance ◽  
Plastid Nucleoid ◽  
Plastid Transmission ◽  
Generative Cells

scholarly journals Clade-Specific Plastid Inheritance Patterns Including Frequent Biparental Inheritance in Passiflora Interspecific Crosses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2278
Author(s):  
Bikash Shrestha ◽  
Lawrence E. Gilbert ◽  
Tracey A. Ruhlman ◽  
Robert K. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Biparental Inheritance ◽  
Plastid Inheritance ◽  
Inheritance Patterns ◽  
Biparental Plastid Inheritance ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Plastid Transmission

Plastid inheritance in angiosperms is presumed to be largely maternal, with the potential to inherit plastids biparentally estimated for about 20% of species. In Passiflora, maternal, paternal and biparental inheritance has been reported; however, these studies were limited in the number of crosses and progeny examined. To improve the understanding of plastid transmission in Passiflora, the progeny of 45 interspecific crosses were analyzed in the three subgenera: Passiflora, Decaloba and Astrophea. Plastid types were assessed following restriction digestion of PCR amplified plastid DNA in hybrid embryos, cotyledons and leaves at different developmental stages. Clade-specific patterns of inheritance were detected such that hybrid progeny from subgenera Passiflora and Astrophea predominantly inherited paternal plastids with occasional incidences of maternal inheritance, whereas subgenus Decaloba showed predominantly maternal and biparental inheritance. Biparental plastid inheritance was also detected in some hybrids from subgenus Passiflora. Heteroplasmy due to biparental inheritance was restricted to hybrid cotyledons and first leaves with a single parental plastid type detectable in mature plants. This indicates that in Passiflora, plastid retention at later stages of plant development may not reflect the plastid inheritance patterns in embryos. Passiflora exhibits diverse patterns of plastid inheritance, providing an excellent system to investigate underlying mechanisms in angiosperms.

scholarly journals Plastome-genome interactions affect plastid transmission in Oenothera.

Genetics ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
W L Chiu ◽  
B B Sears
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Plastid Inheritance ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Plastid Transmission ◽  
Genome Interactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pollination And Fertilization

Abstract Plastids of Oenothera, the evening primrose, can be transmitted to the progeny from both parents. In a constant nuclear background, the frequency of biparental plastid transmission is determined by the types of plastid genomes (plastomes) involved in the crosses. In this study, the impact of nuclear genomes on plastid inheritance was analyzed. In general, the transmission efficiency of each plastome correlated strongly with its compatibility with the nuclear genome of the progeny, suggesting that plastome-genome interactions can influence plastid transmission by affecting the efficiency of plastid multiplication after fertilization. Lower frequencies of plastid transmission from the paternal side were observed when the pollen had poor vigor due to an incompatible plastome-genome combination, indicating that plastome-genome interactions may also affect the input of plastids at fertilization. Parental traits that affect the process of fertilization can also have an impact on plastid transmission. Crosses using maternal parents with long styles or pollen with relatively low growth capacity resulted in reduced frequencies of paternal plastid transmission. These observations suggest that degeneration of pollen plastids may occur as the time interval between pollination and fertilization is lengthened.

Plastid inheritance in Oenothera: organelle genome modifies the extent of biparental plastid transmission

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ling Chiu ◽  
W. Stubbe ◽  
Barbara B. Sears
Keyword(s):  
Plastid Inheritance ◽  
Organelle Genome ◽  
Plastid Transmission

Structural features of isolated generative cells and their protoplasts from pollen of some liliaceous plants

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Tanaka ◽  
Sumio Nakamura ◽  
Hisako Miki-Hirosige
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Generative Cells

scholarly journals Formation of Conidial Pseudochains by Tomato Powdery Mildew Oidium neolycopersici

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Oichi ◽  
Y. Matsuda ◽  
T. Nonomura ◽  
H. Toyoda ◽  
L. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Oidium Neolycopersici ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Tomato Powdery Mildew ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Weak Wind ◽  
Generative Cells

The formation of conidial pseudochains by the tomato powdery mildew Oidium neolycopersici on tomato leaves was monitored using a high-fidelity digital microscope. Individual living conidiophores that formed mature conidial cells at their apex were selected for observation. The conidial cells were produced during repeated division and elongation by the generative cells of the conidiophores. Under weak wind conditions (0.1 m/s), these conidial cells did not separate from each other to produce a chain of conidial cells (pseudochain). The pseudochains dropped from the conidiophores once four conidial cells were connected. The conidiophores resumed conidium production, followed by another cycle of pseudochain formation. The formation of pseudochains by tomato powdery mildew was not influenced by the ambient relative humidity. On the other hand, the conidial cells produced were easily wind dispersed without forming pseudochains when conidiophores were exposed to stronger winds (1.0 m/s). The present study successfully demonstrated that the pathogen required wind to disperse progeny conidia from the conidiophores and produced conidial pseudochains when the wind was below a critical level, independent of high relative humidity as reported previously.

scholarly journals Autoradiographic studies of DNA and histone synthesis in successive differentiation stages of pollen grain in Hyacinthus orientalis L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Bednarska
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Generative Cell ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Hyacinthus Orientalis ◽  
Histone Synthesis ◽  
Generative Cells

DNA and histone synthesis in five consecutive morphological stages of <em>Hyacinthus orientalis</em> L. pollen grain differentiation were studied autoradiographically. DNA synthesis was found to occur in both the generative and the vegetative cell. DNA replication in the generative cell took place when the generative cell was still adhered to the pollen grain wall but already devoid of callose wall. DNA synthesis in the generative cell slightly preceded that in the vegetative cell. Histones were synthesized in phase S of the generative and vegetative cell. In the generative cell histone synthesis also continued at a lower level after completion of DNA replication. In the developmental stages under study the nuclei of the generative cells were decidedly richer in lysine histones than vegetative cell nuclei.

INHERITANCE OF VARIEGATION IN BARLEY

1946 ◽  
Vol 24c (5) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Arnason ◽  
J. B. Harrington ◽  
H. A. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Plastid Inheritance

A strain of variegated barley that originated in a Saskatchewan field produces, on selfing, progeny of which approximately 90% are albino, the remainder striped or variegated with rare full green exceptions. In crosses, variegated ♂ × green ♀ produced 7 albino, 4 striped, and 11 green F1 plants. The reciprocal cross yielded 1 striped and 41 green F1 plants. F2 segregation approximated three green to one of all others (albino and variegated). From some F2 and F3 progenies it was inferred that two genetic factor pairs might be segregating. On that hypothesis the dominant hypostatic factor for variegation must be very unstable, mutating at a high rate to white. The peculiarities of inheritance may be explained also, however, on the basis of a combination of gene and (maternal) plastid inheritance. On this interpretation the plastids present in the egg affect the colour of the seedling that develops from it. When green plastids or proplastids are present in the egg, many of them, but not necessarily all, are induced to mutate if the white w gene is homozygous, but fewer if the w gene is heterozygous. If white plastids only are present in the egg it is probable that the seedling will be an albino regardless of gene content.

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