The thermodynamics of substances at very high pressures and temperatures and some mineral reactions in the earth's mantle

1979 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Ostrovsky
Keyword(s):  
High Pressures ◽  
Earth’S Mantle ◽  
High Pressures And Temperatures ◽  
Very High

The earth's mantle

1965 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-625
Author(s):  
L. Don Leet ◽  
Florence J. Leet
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Earth’S Mantle ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
The Earth ◽  
State Of Matter ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Very High

Abstract It has been generally accepted for some time that the earth's mantle is “solid” (crystalline). But increasing complications arise as attempts are made to rationalize that state of matter with the growing list of properties of the mantle. We suggest that materials of the earth's mantle are in a fourth state of matter, which we propose calling soliqueous—a combination of solid, liquid, and gaseous. It includes elements for forming water molecules and allows expanding superheated steam to supply the principal force for elevating and distorting land masses. Bridgman's experiments on plastic deformation of materials at very high pressures revealed that spasmodic jerky yielding is characteristic. We propose plastic rupture in shear as the primary mechanism by which energy in the earth is converted to the vibrations of earthquakes.

A compact high-performance low-field NMR apparatus for measurements on fluids at very high pressures and temperatures

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 025102 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Freedman ◽  
V. Anand ◽  
B. Grant ◽  
K. Ganesan ◽  
P. Tabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Low Field Nmr ◽  
High Pressures And Temperatures ◽  
Very High

Discovery of bridgmanite, the most abundant mineral in Earth, in a shocked meteorite

Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 346 (6213) ◽  
pp. 1100-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Tschauner ◽  
Chi Ma ◽  
John R. Beckett ◽  
Clemens Prescher ◽  
Vitali B. Prakapenka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perovskite Structure ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Phase Assemblage ◽  
Half Century ◽  
International Mineralogical Association ◽  
Mineralogical Association ◽  
Earth’S Mantle ◽  
High Pressures And Temperatures ◽  
Peak Shock

Meteorites exposed to high pressures and temperatures during impact-induced shock often contain minerals whose occurrence and stability normally confine them to the deeper portions of Earth’s mantle. One exception has been MgSiO3 in the perovskite structure, which is the most abundant solid phase in Earth. Here we report the discovery of this important phase as a mineral in the Tenham L6 chondrite and approved by the International Mineralogical Association (specimen IMA 2014-017). MgSiO3-perovskite is now called bridgmanite. The associated phase assemblage constrains peak shock conditions to ~ 24 gigapascals and 2300 kelvin. The discovery concludes a half century of efforts to find, identify, and characterize a natural specimen of this important mineral.

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