The timing of calling, movement, and mating in the field crickets Gryllus veletis, G. pennsylvanicus, and G. integer

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wade French ◽  
William H. Cade
Keyword(s):  
Field Crickets ◽  
Gryllus Veletis

scholarly journals Balancing Selection on Electrophoretic Variation of Phosphoglucose Isomerase in Two Species of Field Cricket: Gryllus veletis and G. pennsylvanicus

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-621
Author(s):  
Laura A Katz ◽  
Richard G Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Emergent Property ◽  
Phosphoglucose Isomerase ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Nucleotide Variation ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Electrophoretic Variation ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Field Crickets ◽  
Gryllus Veletis

Two species of crickets, Gryllus veletis and G. pennsylvanicus, share six electrophoretic mobility classes for the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), despite evidence from other genetic markers that the two species are not closely related within eastern North American field crickets. Moreover, the frequencies of the two most common PGI electrophoretic classes (PGI-100 and PGI-65) covary in sympatric populations of these species in the eastern United States, suggesting that PGI may be subject to trans-specific balancing selection. To determine the molecular basis of the electrophoretic variation, we characterized the DNA sequence of the Pgi gene from 29 crickets (15 G. veletis and 14 G. pennsylvanicus). Amino acid substitutions that distinguish the electrophoretic classes are not the same in the two species, and there is no evidence that specific replacement substitutions represent trans-specific polymorphism. In particular, the amino acids that diagnose the PGI-65 allele relative to the PGI-100 allele differ both between G. veletis and G. pennsylvanicus and within G. pennsylvanicus. The heterogeneity among electrophoretic classes that covary in sympatric populations coupled with analysis of patterns of nucleotide variation suggest that Pgi is not evolving neutrally. Instead, the data are consistent with balancing selection operating on an emergent property of the PGI protein.

scholarly journals Playing to an audience: the social environment influences aggression and victory displays

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 20130449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren P. Fitzsimmons ◽  
Susan M. Bertram
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Rearing Environment ◽  
Field Crickets ◽  
Model Sets ◽  
The Social ◽  
Display Behaviour ◽  
Gryllus Veletis ◽  
Contest Behaviour

Animal behaviour studies have begun to incorporate the influence of the social environment, providing new opportunities for studying signal strategies and evolution. We examined how the presence and sex of an audience influenced aggression and victory display behaviour in field-captured and laboratory-reared field crickets ( Gryllus veletis ). Audience type, rearing environment and their interaction were important predictors in all model sets. Thus, audience type may impose different costs and benefits for competing males depending on whether they are socially experienced or not. Our results suggest that field-captured winners, in particular, dynamically adjust their contest behaviour to potentially gain a reproductive benefit via female eavesdropping and may deter future aggression from rivals by advertising their aggressiveness and victories.

Age determination of adult field crickets: methodology and field applications

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1564-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Zuk
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Gryllus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Field Crickets ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Aging Adult ◽  
Gryllus Veletis

Details of a method originated by A.C. Neville for aging adult insects by counting daily growth rings in tibial or other body sections are given. A test of the method's accuracy using laboratory-reared field crickets (Gryllus pennsylvanicus and Gryllus veletis) showed that the number of growth rings counted is equivalent to the number of days past adult molt until the insect is approximately 25–30 days old, when cuticle growth is completed and rings are no longer added. Field populations of the two cricket species sampled in 2 years seldom contained individuals with more than 18 rings. Several applications for the technique to ecological and behavioral studies are given, using examples from data on G. veletis and G. pennsylvanicus.

The calling songs of male spring field crickets (Gryllus veletis) change as males age

Behaviour ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 148 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1045-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Bertram ◽  
Lauren P. Fitzsimmons
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Female Preference ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Mate Attraction ◽  
Call Structure ◽  
Field Crickets ◽  
Sexual Traits ◽  
Gryllus Veletis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Older Males

AbstractSexual traits are typically thought to convey information about a male's quality or condition. Female preference for older males has been documented in many taxa, but the evidence that males signal their age is inconclusive. We investigated lifetime patterns of acoustic mate attraction signalling in a longitudinal study of the spring field cricket, Gryllus veletis. We recorded males continuously throughout their lives, such that every pulse of sound produced by every male was analyzed. Our study answers two main questions: (1) Do calls change as males age? Our results reveal that the calls of male spring field crickets change with age; the calls of older males were quieter, with more silent periods within and between chirps, and produced less often than those of younger males. As males aged most of the changes in call structure reflect decreased calling effort. (2) What is the relationship between calling effort and longevity? Lifetime calling effort was positively related to longevity, such that males that called the most over their life also lived longer than males that called less. Together, our findings provide the most thorough exploration of lifetime signalling patterns in crickets to date.

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