Cytologic and molecular analysis of 46,XXq- cells to identify a DNA segment that might serve as a probe for a putative human X chromosome inactivation center

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Tantravahi ◽  
D. A. Kirschner ◽  
L. Beauregard ◽  
L. Page ◽  
L. Kunkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Inactivation Center

scholarly journals Conformation Regulation of the X Chromosome Inactivation Center: A Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e1002229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Scialdone ◽  
Ilaria Cataudella ◽  
Mariano Barbieri ◽  
Antonella Prisco ◽  
Mario Nicodemi
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Inactivation Center

Getting to the center of X-chromosome inactivation: the role of transgenesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 30th Annual International Asilomar Chromatin and Chromosomes Conference, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Minks ◽  
Carolyn J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
X Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Xist Expression ◽  
Inactivation Center ◽  
Xist Rna ◽  
Epigenetic Phenomenon

X-chromosome inactivation is a fascinating epigenetic phenomenon that is initiated by expression of a noncoding (nc)RNA, XIST, and results in transcriptional silencing of 1 female X. The process requires a series of events that begins even before XIST expression, and culminates in an active and a silent X within the same nucleus. We will focus on the role that transgenic systems have served in the current understanding of the process of X-chromosome inactivation, both in the initial delineation of an active and inactive X, and in the function of the XIST RNA. X inactivation is strictly cis-limited; recent studies have revealed elements within the X-inactivation center, the region required for inactivation, that are critical for the initial regulation of Xist expression and chromosome pairing. It has been revealed that the X-inactivation center contains a remarkable compendium of cis-regulatory elements, ncRNAs, and trans-acting pairing regions. We review the functional componentry of the X-inactivation center and discuss experiments that helped to dissect the XIST/Xist RNA and its involvement in the establishment of facultative heterochromatin.

scholarly journals The lncRNAs at X Chromosome Inactivation Center: Not Just a Matter of Sex Dosage Compensation

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Chiara Siniscalchi ◽  
Armando Di Palo ◽  
Aniello Russo ◽  
Nicoletta Potenza
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
X Inactivation ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Linked Gene ◽  
Regulatory Circuit ◽  
Rna Targets ◽  
Inactivation Center

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the majority of the transcriptome, as the result of pervasive transcription of the mammalian genome. Different RNA species, such as lncRNAs, miRNAs, circRNA, mRNAs, engage in regulatory networks based on their reciprocal interactions, often in a competitive manner, in a way denominated “competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks” (“ceRNET”): miRNAs and other ncRNAs modulate each other, since miRNAs can regulate the expression of lncRNAs, which in turn regulate miRNAs, titrating their availability and thus competing with the binding to other RNA targets. The unbalancing of any network component can derail the entire regulatory circuit acting as a driving force for human diseases, thus assigning “new” functions to “old” molecules. This is the case of XIST, the lncRNA characterized in the early 1990s and well known as the essential molecule for X chromosome inactivation in mammalian females, thus preventing an imbalance of X-linked gene expression between females and males. Currently, literature concerning XIST biology is becoming dominated by miRNA associations and they are also gaining prominence for other lncRNAs produced by the X-inactivation center. This review discusses the available literature to explore possible novel functions related to ceRNA activity of lncRNAs produced by the X-inactivation center, beyond their role in dosage compensation, with prospective implications for emerging gender-biased functions and pathological mechanisms.

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