Chromosomal variation in immature embryo derived calluses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Chromosomal Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Transgenic Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Chromosomal Variation

2002 ◽  
pp. 169-188
Author(s):  
M.-J. Cho ◽  
H. W. Choi ◽  
P. Bregitzer ◽  
S. Zhang ◽  
P. G. Lemaux
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Chromosomal Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Transgenic Barley

Transfer and mapping of the shoot-differentiation locus Shd1 in barley chromosome 2

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1009-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Komatsuda ◽  
F. Taguchi-Shiobara ◽  
S. Oka ◽  
F. Takaiwa ◽  
T. Annaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Shoot Differentiation ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Positive Effect

The locus Shd1, which we previously mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2 of Hordeum vulgare L., controls the differentiation of shoots from immature barley embryo callus. The locus has major effects and its action explains more than 65% of the total genetic variance in the shoot-differentiation rate. The allele of cultivar Kanto Nakate Gold designated Shd1K has a significant positive effect on the shoot-differentiation rate, whereas Shd1A of cultivar Azumamugi does not promote shoot differentiation. To identify gene products and characterize the function of Shd1, a set of near-isogenic lines is essential. In this study we produced BC5F1 plants by repeated backcrossing of 'Azumamugi' to F1 plants ('Azumamugi' × 'Kanto Nakate Gold'). The BC5F1 plants were examined for their RFLP genotype and for the shoot-differentiation ability of immature embryo-derived callus. The results indicated that the Shd1 locus was located in a chromosomal region between MWG2081 and MWG503 that flanks the MWG801, cMWG699, v (ear type), and MWG865 loci. Shd1K from 'Kanto Nakate Gold' functions effectively in the genetic background of 'Azumamugi', an indication that backcross breeding is possible for production of near-isogenic lines that would be very suitable for tissue culture.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., shoot-differentiation ability, immature embryo callus, backcross breeding, RFLPs.

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) РАЗНОГО ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ ПО ЭЛЕМЕНТАМ СТРУКТУРЫ УРОЖАЯ

2012 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
А.В. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВ ◽  
◽  
Н.Б. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВА ◽  
Т.В. КУКОЕВА ◽  
Н.В. БУРМАКИНА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

ВНУТРИВИДОВОЙ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ЯРОВОГО ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) ПО УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К ДЕЙСТВИЮ СВИНЦА

2014 ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
◽  
В.Г. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
Н.С. ДИКАРЕВА ◽  
С.А. ГЕРАСЬКИН ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L
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