Worldwide patterns of genetic variation among four esterase loci in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Kahler ◽  
R. W. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Esterase Loci

Genetic variation and adaptation of 76 Canadian barley cultivars

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kong ◽  
T. M. Choo ◽  
P. Narasimhalu ◽  
P. Jui ◽  
T. Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Yield Test

A study was initiated in 1990 to determine the genetic variation and adaptation of all registered Canadian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars. Seventy-six cultivars were tested at four locations across Canada (Charlottetown, Ottawa, Brandon, and Bentley) in 1991 and 1992. These cultivars were grouped into 10 classes and classes were compared in five categories: eastern vs. western, doubled-haploid (DH) vs. conventional, feed vs. malting, two-row vs. six-row, and hulless vs. covered. These 76 cultivars showed remarkable variation in yield, test weight, kernel weight, plant height, and maturity and responded differently to the environments. Among them, Albany and Chapais had the highest yield and they also yielded well in both Eastern and Western Canada. Thus, some barley cultivars were widely adapted across the whole country. Two-row cultivars had higher test weight and higher kernel weight than six-row and appeared to be more stable in yield over the environments. Eastern two-row cultivars were superior in yield, test weight, and kernel weight than western two-row. Eastern two-row, in general, performed well across Canada. Several western six-row cultivars performed well in both Western and Eastern Canada. Therefore, greater exchanges of breeding materials between the two regions are recommended in order to fully exploit the genetic potentials of new cultivars. DH cultivars yielded as well as conventional cultivars and responded similarly to the environments. This substantiates that complete homozygosity and homogeneity have very little effect on the performance of DH cultivars. Among the western two-row, feed cultivars yielded either higher than or the same as malting cultivars in the eight environments. Hulless cultivars had lower yield, higher test weight and lower kernel weight than covered cultivars. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, cultivar, yield, adaptation

scholarly journals Genetic variation of HvXYN1 associated with endoxylanase activity and TAX content in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Lu ◽  
Yunxia Fang ◽  
Bin Tian ◽  
Tao Tong ◽  
Jiahui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals EST-SSR based estimates on functional genetic variation in a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) collection from Egypt

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled F. M. Salem ◽  
Rajeev K. Varshney ◽  
Marion S. Röder ◽  
Andreas Börner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Functional Genetic Variation

scholarly journals Physiological and Genetic Variation of Hordeum vulgare L. and Triticum aestivum L. Lines Planted in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 2498-2505
Author(s):  
Emre YÖRÜK ◽  
Esra KELEŞ ◽  
Semih ERLİK ◽  
Seçil YILDIZ ◽  
Gizem KOCABAŞ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Natural Genetic Variation Underlying Tiller Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197-1212
Author(s):  
Allison M. Haaning ◽  
Kevin P. Smith ◽  
Gina L. Brown-Guedira ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
Priyanka Tyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Days To Heading

In barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), lateral branches called tillers contribute to grain yield and define shoot architecture, but genetic control of tiller number and developmental rate are not well characterized. The primary objectives of this work were to examine relationships between tiller number and other agronomic and morphological traits and identify natural genetic variation associated with tiller number and rate, and related traits. We grew 768 lines from the USDA National Small Grain Collection in the field and collected data over two years for tiller number and rate, and agronomic and morphological traits. Our results confirmed that spike row-type and days to heading are correlated with tiller number, and as much as 28% of tiller number variance was associated with these traits. In addition, negative correlations between tiller number and leaf width and stem diameter were observed, indicating trade-offs between tiller development and other vegetative growth. Thirty-three quantitative trait loci (QTL) were associated with tiller number or rate. Of these, 40% overlapped QTL associated with days to heading and 22% overlapped QTL associated with spike row-type, further supporting that tiller development is associated with these traits. Some QTL associated with tiller number or rate, including the major QTL on chromosome 3H, were not associated with other traits, suggesting that some QTL may be directly related to rate of tiller development or axillary bud number. These results enhance our knowledge of the genetic control of tiller development in barley, which is important for optimizing tiller number and rate for yield improvement.

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

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