Variation in fertility of two wild type strains of Drosophila melanogaster meigen

Chromosoma ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne W. Koopmans Frankel ◽  
Ursula Peters ◽  
G�nther F. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Type Strains

Validation of Comet assay in Oregon-R and Wild type strains of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to a natural radioactive environment in Brazilian semiarid region

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cícero Jorge Verçosa ◽  
Aroldo Vieira de Moraes Filho ◽  
Ícaro Fillipe de Araújo Castro ◽  
Robson Gomes dos Santos ◽  
Kenya Silva Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Type Strains

scholarly journals Slow or stepped rewarming after acute low-temperature exposure does not improve survival of Drosophila melanogaster larvae

2008 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent J. Sinclair ◽  
Arun Rajamohan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
General Increase ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Rapid Cold Hardening ◽  
Temperature Exposure ◽  
Low Temperature Exposure ◽  
Slow Fashion ◽  
Type Strains

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that slow rewarming would improve the ability of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) larvae to survive acute low-temperature exposure. Four larval stages (1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars, including wandering-stage 3rd instars) of four wild-type strains were exposed to –7 °C for periods of time expected to result in 90% mortality. Larvae were then directly transferred to their rearing temperature (21 °C) or returned to this temperature either in a stepwise fashion (pausing at 0 and 15 °C) or by slow warming at 1 or 0.1 °C/min. We observed a reduced rapid cold-hardening effect and no general increase in survival of acute chilling in larvae rewarmed in a stepwise or slow fashion, and we hypothesize that slow rewarming may result in accumulation of chill injuries.

scholarly journals EVIDENCE FOR REGULATORY VARIANTS OF THE DOPA DECARBOXYLASE AND ALPHA-METHYLDOPA HYPERSENSITIVE LOCI IN DROSOPHILA

Genetics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lawrence Marsh ◽  
T R F Wright
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Dopa Decarboxylase ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Genetic Element ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Regulatory Variants ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Type Strains

ABSTRACT We have analyzed two variants of Drosophila melanogaster(RS and RE) which lead to the dual phenotype of elevated DDC activity and increased resistance to dietary alpha-methyldopa relative to Oregon-R controls. Both phenotypes show tight genetic linkage to the dopa decarboxylase, Ddc, and l(2)amd genes (i.e., < 0.05 cM distant). We find that low (Oregon-R), medium (RS) and high (RE and Canton-S) levels of DDC activity seen at both pupariation and eclosion in these strains are completely accounted for by differences in accumulation of DDC protein as measured by immunoprecipitation. Genetic reconstruction experiments in which Ddc  + and amd  + gene doses are varied show that increasing DDC activity does not lead to a measurable increase in resistance to dietary alphamethyldopa. This suggests that the increased resistance to dietary alpha-methyldopa is not the result of increased DDC activity but, rather, results from increased l(2)amd  + activity. Both cytogenetic and molecular analyses indicate that these overproduction variants are not the result of small duplications of the Ddc and amd genes, nor are they associated with small (?100 bp) insertions or deletions. Measurements of DDC activity in wild-type strains of Drosophila reveal a unimodal distribution of activity levels with the Canton-S and RE strains at the high end of the scale, the Oregon-R control at the low end and RS near the modal value. We conclude that accumulated changes in a genetic element (or elements) in close proximity to the Ddc  + and amd  + genes lead to the coordinated changes in the expression of the Ddc and amd genes in these strains.

scholarly journals Essential Physiological Differences Characterize Short- and Long-Lived Strains of Drosophila melanogaster

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Gubina ◽  
Alba Naudi ◽  
Rhoda Stefanatos ◽  
Mariona Jove ◽  
Filippo Scialo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Type Strains

Abstract Aging is a multifactorial process which affects all animals. Aging as a result of damage accumulation is the most accepted explanation but the proximal causes remain to be elucidated. There is also evidence indicating that aging has an important genetic component. Animal species age at different rates and specific signaling pathways, such as insulin/insulin-like growth factor, can regulate life span of individuals within a species by reprogramming cells in response to environmental changes. Here, we use an unbiased approach to identify novel factors that regulate life span in Drosophila melanogaster. We compare the transcriptome and metabolome of two wild-type strains used widely in aging research: short-lived Dahomey and long-lived Oregon R flies. We found that Dahomey flies carry several traits associated with short-lived individuals and species such as increased lipoxidative stress, decreased mitochondrial gene expression, and increased Target of Rapamycin signaling. Dahomey flies also have upregulated octopamine signaling known to stimulate foraging behavior. Accordingly, we present evidence that increased foraging behavior, under laboratory conditions where nutrients are in excess increases damage generation and accelerates aging. In summary, we have identified several new pathways, which influence longevity highlighting the contribution and importance of the genetic component of aging.

scholarly journals Evidence for a Wolbachia symbiont in Drosophila melanogaster

1993 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Holden ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
John F. Y. Brookfield
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Cytoplasmic Incompatibility ◽  
Symbiotic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Specific Probe ◽  
Bacterial Cell Division ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Type Strains

SummaryThe bacterial cell division gene, ftsZ, was used as a specific probe to show the presence of a symbiotic bacterium in two wild type strains of Drosophila melanogaster. Under stringent hybridization conditions we have shown that the bacterium is transferred to the progeny of these strains from infected mothers and can be eradicated by treatment with the antibiotic tetracycline. We have characterized this bacterium, by amplifying and sequencing its 16S rRNA gene, as being a member of the genus Wolbachia, an organism that is known to parasitize a range of insects including Drosophila simulans. In a series of reciprocal crosses no evidence was found that the symbiont causes cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) which is known to occur in infected strains of D. simulans. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals DNA DISTRIBUTION IN SPERMATID NUCLEI OF NORMAL AND SEGREGATION DISTORTER MALES OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-35
Author(s):  
E Hauschteck-Jungen ◽  
D L Hartl
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Dna Distribution ◽  
Segregation Distorter ◽  
Type Strains

ABSTRACT Using the DNA-specific dye BAO [2,5-bis-(4′-aminophenyl-(1′)]-1,3,4-oxadiazol), we have examined spermiogenesis in wild-type males of Drosophila melanogaster and in males carrying various combinations of the Sd and Rsp mutations involved in segregation distortion. Wild-type strains, even those newly collected from nature, are heterogeneous with respect to the incidence of spermiogenic abnormalities, principally in having a variable number of spermatid nuclei per cyst that fail to undergo complete elongation. Among segregation distorter males, Rsp/Rsp homozygotes have the greatest incidence of nuclear nonelongation or incomplete elongation, Rsp/Rsp  + heterozygotes are intermediate, while Rsp  +/Rsp  + homozygotes have the least amount of abnormality. Indeed, Sd Rsp  +/Sd  +  Rsp  + males have significantly fewer spermiogenic aberrations than do wild-type strains.

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