Parallel polymorphism for supernumerary segments in Chorthippus parallelus (Zetterstedt)

Chromosoma ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Hewitt ◽  
B John
Keyword(s):  
Chorthippus Parallelus

scholarly journals Effects of habitat structure and land-use intensity on the genetic structure of the grasshopper species Chorthippus parallelus

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 140133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin R. Wiesner ◽  
Jan Christian Habel ◽  
Martin M. Gossner ◽  
Hugh D. Loxdale ◽  
Günter Köhler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
Habitat Size ◽  
Grasshopper Species ◽  
Chorthippus Parallelus ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Local Populations

Land-use intensity (LUI) is assumed to impact the genetic structure of organisms. While effects of landscape structure on the genetics of local populations have frequently been analysed, potential effects of variation in LUI on the genetic diversity of local populations have mostly been neglected. In this study, we used six polymorphic microsatellites to analyse the genetic effects of variation in land use in the highly abundant grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus . We sampled a total of 610 individuals at 22 heterogeneous grassland sites in the Hainich-Dün region of Central Germany. For each of these grassland sites we assessed habitat size, LUI (combined index of mowing, grazing and fertilization), and the proportion of grassland adjoining the sampling site and the landscape heterogeneity (the latter two factors within a 500 m buffer zone surrounding each focal site). We found only marginal genetic differentiation among all local populations and no correlation between geographical and genetic distance. Habitat size, LUI and landscape characteristics had only weak effects on most of the parameters of genetic diversity of C. parallelus ; only expected heterozygosity and the grasshopper abundances were affected by interacting effects of LUI, habitat size and landscape characteristics. The lack of any strong relationships between LUI, abundance and the genetic structure might be due to large local populations of the species in the landscape, counteracting local differentiation and potential genetic drift effects.

Geographic and Temporal Variation of Distinct Intracellular Endosymbiont Strains of Wolbachia sp. in the Grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus: a Frequency-Dependent Mechanism?

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036-1047
Author(s):  
Paloma Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Emilio Rolán-Alvarez ◽  
M. del Mar Pérez-Ruiz ◽  
Francisca Arroyo-Yebras ◽  
Carla Carpena-Catoira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Chorthippus Parallelus ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

scholarly journals Sperm numbers vary between inter- and intra-population matings of the grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Reinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Mating Effort ◽  
Sperm Number ◽  
Storage Organ ◽  
Genetic Incompatibility ◽  
Chorthippus Parallelus ◽  
Mating Signals ◽  
Crucial Assumption

Comparing the reproductive output of intra- and inter-population matings is the most common way to assess whether post-mating reproductive isolation is caused by genetic incompatibilities. Such genetic incompatibility can however, only assume that the quantity of the post-mating signals involved does not differ between intra- and inter-population matings. This assumption may not be true because sexual selection predicts reduced mating effort towards low-quality mates and in many circumstances, allopatric partners are low-quality mates. Post-mating efforts may, therefore, be reduced in inter- compared to intra-population matings. Here, I test this crucial assumption by studying variation in one post-mating trait, sperm number, in crosses of two parapatric grasshopper populations. In both populations, males transferred fewer sperm to allopatric than sympatric females. If such plasticity with respect to population is common in other post-mating traits, differences between inter- and intra-population crosses may be more frequently caused by differences in sperm number rather than gamete incompatibility. Additionally, I found that sperm numbers declined less rapidly in the female storage organ of allopatric than sympatric females but its rate differed markedly between populations. This is discussed with respect to female adaptations to male traits.

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