Gene frequencies of soluble glutamic-pyruvic-transaminase in a northern German population (Hamburg)

1972 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Brinkmann ◽  
P. Krukenberg ◽  
M. Brinkmann ◽  
H.H. Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
German Population ◽  
Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ◽  
Gene Frequencies

Efficient Sequential Search of Genetic Systems for Diagnosis of Twin Zygosity

1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Das Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
German Population ◽  
Sequential Search ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Efficient Sequence

AbstractConventionally, the zygosity of twins into monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) is determined by utilizing several blood groups or other genetic markers. Existence of many blood groups or other genetic markers raises the crucial problem of choosing minimum number of blood groups and applying them in a sequence with minimum cost offering maximum effectiveness in classifying the twins by zygosity. In this note, a statistical approach to this problem is made and a solution provided. The efficient sequential search procedure utilizing the gene frequency of four blood groups from the German population of Nordrhein-Westfalen province and applying the results to a twin set of 72 pairs (32 MZ and 40 DZ) of the same population indicates that efficient sequences with 3 and 4 blood groups are AB0→P→Rh and AB0→P→Rh→MNSs, respectively. Further, it is understood that the efficient sequence for zygosity determination will be differing from population to population. As gene frequencies of blood systems differ in the various populations, this will effect the probability that a DZ twin pairs is concordant for a specific marker. Moreover, the relative cost may also turn out to be a decisive factor in the determination of the best sequence. Hence, indiscriminate use of several conventional blood group systems in the determination of zygosity of twins from a particular population should be discontinued. The formulae developed in this note are quite general and the procedure explained can easily be generalized to other situations.

Gene frequencies of red cell adenosine deaminase, adenylate kinase, phosphoglucomutase, acid phosphatase and serum ?1-antitrypsin (Pi) in a German population

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Werner Goedde ◽  
Heide-G. Benkmann ◽  
Ingeborg Christ ◽  
Surjit Singh ◽  
Ludwig Hirth
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Adenylate Kinase ◽  
German Population ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Gene Frequencies

Differential Item Functioning in Brief Instruments of Disordered Eating

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Thielemann ◽  
Felicitas Richter ◽  
Bernd Strauss ◽  
Elmar Braehler ◽  
Uwe Altmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
German Population ◽  
Test Fairness ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Multiple Indicator

Abstract. Most instruments for the assessment of disordered eating were developed and validated in young female samples. However, they are often used in heterogeneous general population samples. Therefore, brief instruments of disordered eating should assess the severity of disordered eating equally well between individuals with different gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status (SES). Differential item functioning (DIF) of two brief instruments of disordered eating (SCOFF, Eating Attitudes Test [EAT-8]) was modeled in a representative sample of the German population ( N = 2,527) using a multigroup item response theory (IRT) and a multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) structural equation model (SEM) approach. No DIF by age was found in both questionnaires. Three items of the EAT-8 showed DIF across gender, indicating that females are more likely to agree than males, given the same severity of disordered eating. One item of the EAT-8 revealed slight DIF by BMI. DIF with respect to the SCOFF seemed to be negligible. Both questionnaires are equally fair across people with different age and SES. The DIF by gender that we found with respect to the EAT-8 as screening instrument may be also reflected in the use of different cutoff values for men and women. In general, both brief instruments assessing disordered eating revealed their strengths and limitations concerning test fairness for different groups.

Validation of the German Version of the Exercise Dependence Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Müller ◽  
Laurence Claes ◽  
Dirk Smits ◽  
Olaf Gefeller ◽  
Anja Hilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Exercise Dependence ◽  
German Population ◽  
German Version ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Dependence Scale

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the German version of the 21-item Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS-G), which was administered in a large representative German sample (N = 1,611). In order to examine convergent validity, we also asked participants to answer the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q). To investigate the discriminant validity, clients of fitness centers (N = 129), sport students (N = 85), and medical students (N = 129) filled out the EDS-G. In this German population-based sample, the seven-factor structure suggested by the original authors as well as a higher-order model (7 + 1 factor model) were supported. The total EDS-G scale showed an excellent internal reliability and was positively related to the EDE-Q total and subscale scores. The EDS-G scores differentiated between samples with varying degrees of exercise. In summary, the results indicate that the EDS-G is a psychometrically sound and potentially valid brief measure for the assessment of exercise dependence symptoms.

The Type D Construct

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesine Grande ◽  
Matthias Romppel ◽  
Matthias Michal ◽  
Elmar Brähler
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
German Population ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Type D ◽  
Worse Prognosis

The interaction of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI), known as the Type D personality, is associated with a worse prognosis in cardiac patients. Until now, causal models have been speculative, and this is partly due to a lack of clarity related to the validity of SI, its role in emotion regulation, and the postulated independence of social and emotional functioning. To examine the construct validity of the Type D personality, we analyzed associations of NA and SI with different measures of affectivity, social anxiety, and social competencies in a German population-based representative sample (n = 2,495). Both NA and SI were associated with all other measures of social functioning and negative affect (all rs > .30) and showed considerable cross-loadings (NA: a 1 = .39, a 2 = .63; SI: a1 = .73 and a2 = .34) in a two-factor solution with the factors labeled as Social Functioning and Negative Affectivity. The SI subscale did not properly differentiate between social fears and social competencies, which emerged as rather different aspects of social functioning. Further studies should examine the effect of broader dimensions of social orientation and competencies and their interaction with NA on cardiac prognosis.

Association of Physical Morbidity and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Representative Sample of Older German People

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
Markus A. Wirtz ◽  
Matthias Morfeld ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Heide Glaesmer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
German Population ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract. The association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Short-Form Health Survey-12; SF-12) and patient-reported morbidity-related symptoms measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) is analyzed in a representative sample of older people in the general German population. Data from 1,659 people aged 60 to 85 years were obtained. Latent class analysis identified six classes of patients, which optimally categorize clusters of physical symptoms the participants reported: musculoskeletal impairments (39.8%), healthy (25.7%), musculoskeletal and respiratory/cardiac impairments (12.8%), musculoskeletal and respiratory impairments, along with bowel and digestion problems (12.9%), general impairments (4.9%), and general impairments with no bowel and digestion problems (4.8%). The participants’ SF-12 Physical Health Scores (η2 = .39) and their Mental Health Scores (η2 = .28) are highly associated with these latent classes. These associations remain virtually identical after controlling for age. The results provide evidence that profiles of patient-reported physical impairments correspond strongly with reduced HRQoL independently from aging processes.

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