Acute toxic effects of trinitrotoluene on rat brain, liver and kidney: role of radical production

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Zitting ◽  
Grażyna Szumańska ◽  
Juha Nickels ◽  
Heikki Savolainen
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Radical Production ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Acute Toxic

Toxic Effects of Isoniazid and Rifampicin on Rat Brain Tissue: The Preventive Role of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ugur Cevik ◽  
Abdullah Acar ◽  
Halis Tanriverdi ◽  
Sefer Varol ◽  
Adalet Arikanoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Preventive Role ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue

Role of platelet-activating factor and thromboxane A2 in radical production during ischemia and reperfusion of the rat brain

1996 ◽  
Vol 709 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Matsuo ◽  
Tsuyoshi Kihara ◽  
Masato Ikeda ◽  
Mitsuyoshi Ninomiya ◽  
Hiroshi Onodera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Thromboxane A2 ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Radical Production

Toxic Effects of Cypermethrin on Sperms and The Possible Protective Role of Vitamines C and E : An Invitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-119
Author(s):  
Sahar El-Dakroory ◽  
Amal El-Bakary ◽  
Adel Zalata ◽  
Hussien Abd Elaziz
Keyword(s):  
Protective Role ◽  
Toxic Effects

scholarly journals The Insulin Receptor Mediates Insulin’s Early Plasma Clearance by Liver, Muscle, and Kidney

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Rick I. Meijer ◽  
Eugene J. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Insulin Clearance ◽  
Initial Plasma ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Initial Clearance

The role of the insulin receptor in mediating tissue-specific insulin clearance in vivo has not been reported. Using physiologic insulin doses, we measured the initial clearance rate (first 5 min) of intravenously injected ([125I]TyrA14)-insulin by muscle, liver, and kidney in healthy rats in the presence and absence of the insulin receptor blocker S961. We also tested whether 4 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) affected the initial rate of insulin clearance. Pre-treatment with S961 for 60 min prior to administering labeled insulin raised plasma ([125I]TyrA14)insulin concentration approximately 5-fold (p < 0.001), demonstrating receptor dependency for plasma insulin clearance. Uptake by muscle (p < 0.01), liver (p < 0.05), and kidney (p < 0.001) were each inhibited by receptor blockade, undoubtedly contributing to the reduced plasma clearance. The initial plasma insulin clearance was not significantly affected by HFD, nor was muscle-specific clearance. However, HFD modestly decreased liver clearance (p = 0.056) while increasing renal clearance by >50% (p < 0.01), suggesting a significant role for renal insulin clearance in limiting the hyperinsulinemia that accompanies HFD. We conclude that the insulin receptor is a major mediator of initial insulin clearance from plasma and for its clearance by liver, kidney, and muscle. HFD feeding increases renal insulin clearance to limit systemic hyperinsulinemia.

scholarly journals The Phosphoarginine Phosphatase PtpB from Staphylococcus aureus Is Involved in Bacterial Stress Adaptation during Infection

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ibrahem Elhawy ◽  
Sylvaine Huc-Brandt ◽  
Linda Pätzold ◽  
Laila Gannoun-Zaki ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Mostafa Abdrabou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Staphylococcus aureus continues to be a public health threat, especially in hospital settings. Studies aimed at deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis, host adaptation, and virulence are required to develop effective treatment strategies. Numerous host-pathogen interactions were found to be dependent on phosphatases-mediated regulation. This study focused on the analysis of the role of the low-molecular weight phosphatase PtpB, in particular, during infection. Deletion of ptpB in S. aureus strain SA564 significantly reduced the capacity of the mutant to withstand intracellular killing by THP-1 macrophages. When injected into normoglycemic C57BL/6 mice, the SA564 ΔptpB mutant displayed markedly reduced bacterial loads in liver and kidney tissues in a murine S. aureus abscess model when compared to the wild type. We also observed that PtpB phosphatase-activity was sensitive to oxidative stress. Our quantitative transcript analyses revealed that PtpB affects the transcription of various genes involved in oxidative stress adaptation and infectivity. Thus, this study disclosed first insights into the physiological role of PtpB during host interaction allowing us to link phosphatase-dependent regulation to oxidative bacterial stress adaptation during infection.

Role of Glutathione monoester on age‐related neurochemical alterations in rat brain

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 643-648
Author(s):  
Ganesan Murali ◽  
Sugumar Dhivya ◽  
Periannan Rasappan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Age Related
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