Multiple mating and sperm displacement in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Griffiths ◽  
S. W. McKechnie ◽  
J. A. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Sperm Displacement

scholarly journals Local Ecology and Multiple Mating in a Natural Population of Drosophila melanogaster

1988 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Marks ◽  
R. D. Seager ◽  
L. G. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Local Ecology

Bayesian Sperm Competition Estimates

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrix Jones ◽  
Andrew G Clark
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Bayesian Method ◽  
Multiple Mating ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
Sperm Displacement

Abstract We introduce a Bayesian method for estimating parameters for a model of multiple mating and sperm displacement from genotype counts of brood-structured data. The model is initially targeted for Drosophila melanogaster, but is easily adapted to other organisms. The method is appropriate for use with field studies where the number of mates and the genotypes of the mates cannot be controlled, but where unlinked markers have been collected for a set of females and a sample of their offspring. Advantages over previous approaches include full use of multilocus information and the ability to cope appropriately with missing data and ambiguities about which alleles are maternally vs. paternally inherited. The advantages of including X-linked markers are also demonstrated.

scholarly journals Female Genotypes Affect Sperm Displacement in Drosophila

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1487-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G Clark ◽  
David J Begun
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Isogenic Line ◽  
Female Fitness ◽  
Sperm Displacement ◽  
Extensive Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Genes ◽  
Displacement Parameter ◽  
Competitive Success

Abstract Differential success of sperm is likely to be an important component of fitness. Extensive variation among male genotypes in competitive success of sperm in multiply mated females has been documented for Drosophila melanogaster. However, virtually all previous studies considered the female to be a passive vessel. Nevertheless, under certain conditions female fitness could be determined by her role in mediating use of sperm from multiple males. Here we ask whether females differ among genotypes in their tendency to exhibit last-male precedence. Competition of sperm from two tester male genotypes (bwD and B3-09, a third-chromosome isogenic line from Beltsville, MD) was quantified by doubly mating female lines that had been rendered homozygous for X, second, or third chromosomes isolated from natural populations. The composite sperm displacement parameter, P2′, was highly heterogeneous among lines, whether or not viability effects were compensated, implying the presence of polymorphic genes affecting access of sperm to eggs. Genetic variation of this type is completely neutral in the absence of pleiotropy or interaction between variation in the two sexes.

scholarly journals GENETIC LOAD IN NATURAL POPULATIONS: IS IT COMPATIBLE WITH THE HYPOTHESIS THAT MANY POLYMORPHISMS ARE MAINTAINED BY NATURAL SELECTION?

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-589
Author(s):  
Martin L Tracey ◽  
Francisco J Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Mean Fitness ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Recent studies of genetically controlled enzyme variation lead to an estimation that at least 30 to 60% of the structural genes are polymorphic in natural populations of many vertebrate and invertebrate species. Some authors have argued that a substantial proportion of these polymorphisms cannot be maintained by natural selection because this would result in an unbearable genetic load. If many polymorphisms are maintained by heterotic natural selection, individuals with much greater than average proportion of homozygous loci should have very low fitness. We have measured in Drosophila melanogaster the fitness of flies homozygous for a complete chromosome relative to normal wild flies. A total of 37 chromosomes from a natural population have been tested using 92 experimental populations. The mean fitness of homozygous flies is 0.12 for second chromosomes, and 0.13 for third chromosomes. These estimates are compatible with the hypothesis that many (more than one thousand) loci are maintained by heterotic selection in natural populations of D. melanogaster.

Seasonal changes in recombination characteristics in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster

Heredity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dau Dayal Aggarwal ◽  
Sviatoslav Rybnikov ◽  
Shaul Sapielkin ◽  
Eugenia Rashkovetsky ◽  
Zeev Frenkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Seasonal Changes

scholarly journals A SURVEY OF ISOZYME POLYMORPHISM IN A DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER NATURAL POPULATION

Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-771
Author(s):  
H T Band
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Population ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Biochemical Polymorphism ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT A survey of biochemical polymorphism among glucose- and non-glucose-metabolizing enzymes was carried out on the June 1973 collection from the South Amherst, Mass. Drosophila melanogaster natural population. Polymorphic levels are among the highest recorded for this species; polymorphism among glucose-metabolizing enzymes did not differ significantly from that among non-glucose-metabolizing enzymes. Two loci, G6Pd on the × and Est-6 on the 3rd chromosome, displayed significant excesses of heterozygotes. Adh on the 2nd and Idh, Odh and Ao on the 3rd chromosome showed significant heterozygote deficiencies. Idh is ten map units to the left of Est-6, Odh twelve map units to the right and Ao is seven units beyond Odh. Temperatures in the two-week June period prior to collection were exceedingly variable. Daily high/low ranged between 76°/40° and 97°/65°F. These results support the findings of Frydenberg and Simonsen (1973) that in some populations glucose-metabolizing enzymes tend to be as polymorphic as non-glucose-metabolizing ones. They also add to the evidence obtained from other plant and animal populations that increased biochemical polymorphism is associated with more variable and/or colder climates. The increase may in part be due to increased polymorphism among glucose-metabolizing enzymes. Comparisons utilizing published data on other D. melanogaster populations and on D. robusta indicate a clinal increase in heterozygosity among glucose-metabolizing enzymes as one moves northward.

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