Indole alkaloid accumulation and tryptophan decarboxylase activity in Catharanthus roseus cells cultured in three different media

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. M�rillon ◽  
P. Doireau ◽  
A. Guillot ◽  
J. C. Ch�nieux ◽  
M. Rideau
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Tryptophan Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Cells Cultured

Amino Acid Metabolism in Plants. V. Changes in Basic Indole Compounds and the Development of Tryptophan Decarboxylase Activity in Barley (Hordeum vulgare) during Germination and Seedling Growth

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnora A. Schneider ◽  
F. Wightman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Tryptophan Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Indole Compounds ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Potential Precursor

In barley seedlings, tryptophan is the precursor of the simple indole alkaloid gramine, and also of tryptamine, which is important as a potential precursor of the plant growth hormone 3-indoleacetic acid. The present investigation was designed to study the distribution of free tryptophan and its derivatives within the seedlings, and to follow the changes in these compounds with time. Development of the enzyme tryptophan decarboxylase, which catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to tryptamine, was also studied. An increase in free tryptophan was detected within 2 h of soaking the seed; this compound reached high values in very young tissues, and then declined. Gramine and its precursors, 3-aminomethylindole and N-methyl-3-aminomethylindole, were confined to the shoots; all three compounds appeared together at the inception of shoot growth. Quantitatively, gramine was the most important compound present and reached a concentration of 623 μg/g fresh weight (25 times that of free tryptophan) on the 9th day, and then declined. Isolated embryos were capable of synthesizing gramine at about one quarter the normal rate, indicating that these embryos have a considerable inherent capacity for tryptophan synthesis and are not wholly dependent on tryptophan released by the endosperm. Tryptophan decarboxylase and tryptamine were found only in the shoot, and both enzyme and product appeared after the 1st week of growth, when the rate of gramine synthesis was beginning to decline. 5-Hydroxytryptamine began to accumulate in both shoot and root after about 2 weeks of growth, and N-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine was also present in the roots. The close parallel between the gramine pathway of the barley shoot and the analagous hordenine pathway of the root, in which tyrosine is the precursor amino acid, is discussed.

Selection of Cell Lines of Catharanthus roseus with Increased Tryptophan Decarboxylase Activity

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 916-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florenz Sasse ◽  
Marita Buchholz ◽  
Jochen Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Tryptophan Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Feedback Sensitivity ◽  
Tryptophan Analogues ◽  
Selection Of

Cell lines of Catharcmthus roseus were selected for resistance to 4-methyltryptophan (4-MT) in order to get strains with increased activities of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC). This enzyme may exert a decisive regulatory control in indole alkaloid biosynthesis. 4-Methyltryptophan is a substrate for TDC and is detoxified by this enzyme. All 4-MT resistant cell lines showed increased TDC activity (3-to 10-fold) and higher accumulation of tryptamine (3- to 5-fold). Two of these cell lines with increased TDC activity accumulated indole alkaloids in the growth medium, whereas in wild type cultures and other resistant cell lines this was not the case. All the cell lines obtained were not only resistant to 4-MT (20- to 70-times more than wild type cells) but were also cross-resistant to other tryptophan analogues which are not metabolized by TDC. Therefore the resistance was not only due to a better detoxification of the analogue. The selected cell lines also contained 2 to 6 times higher levels of ʟ-tryptophan but the feedback sensitivity of the anthranilate synthetase of the resistant cells was not alteref

Medium-Induced Formation of Indole Alkaloids and Concomitant Changes of Interrelated Enzyme Activities in Cell Suspension Cultures of Catharanthus roseus

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-H. Knobloch ◽  
B. Hansen ◽  
J. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Tryptophan Decarboxylase ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Cell Transfer ◽  
Measuring Period

Abstract Recently medium conditions have been developed which stimulate the formation of the indole alkaloid ajmalicine in cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus [6]. When cells were subjected to these conditions the alkaloid accumulation was preceded by a 12-fold increase of the specific activity of tryptophan decarboxylase. The enzyme activity showed a maximum two days after the cell transfer into the induction medium and subsequently declined. In contrast the activity of strictosidine synthase, the enzyme condensing tryptamine and secologanin, was present over the entire measuring period at a constant level. The intracellular content of tryp­tamine and ajmalicine increased during a period of 6 days after cell transfer and reached a plateau after that time. A possible regulatory function of tryptophan decarboxylase in indole alkaloid biosynthesis is discussed.

Geraniol-10-hydroxylase Activity and Its Relation to Monoterpene Indole Alkaloid Accumulation in Cell Suspension Cultures of Catharanthus roseus

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otmar Schiel ◽  
Ludger Witte ◽  
Jochen Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Tryptophan Decarboxylase ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Alkaloid Biosynthesis ◽  
Hydroxylase Activity ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Indole Alkaloid Biosynthesis

The activity of geraniol- 10-hydroxylase was greatly increased when Catharanthus roseus cells were transferred to a production medium for monoterpene indole alkaloids. Its activity pattern showed a closer relationship than tryptophan decarboxylase to the pattern of indole alkaloid accumulation. The intermediate accumulation of tryptamine and its later incorporation into ajmalicine indicated that the coordination of the two precursor pathways for the monoterpene indole alkaloid formation was not synchronized under the chosen culture conditions. A better tuning of these two pathways may shorten the time period for induction of indole alkaloid biosynthesis.

Differential expression of indole alkaloid pathway genes across Catharanthus roseus plant organs

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Ramadan ◽  
Muna A. Abdulgader ◽  
Thana Khan ◽  
Nour O. Gadalla ◽  
Ahmed Bahieldin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Indole Alkaloid ◽  
Plant Organs
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