Basolateral localization of anion exchanger 2 (AE2) and actin in acid-secreting (parietal) cells of the human stomach

1994 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J�ns ◽  
B. Warrings ◽  
A. J�ns ◽  
D. Drenckhahn
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchanger ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Anion Exchanger 2 ◽  
Acid Secreting

scholarly journals Reduced Pepsin A Processing of Sonic Hedgehog in Parietal Cells Precedes Gastric Atrophy and Transformation

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (46) ◽  
pp. 33265-33274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Zavros ◽  
Meghna Waghray ◽  
Arthur Tessier ◽  
Longchuan Bai ◽  
Andrea Todisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Parietal Cell ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Gastric Atrophy ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Acid Secreting ◽  
Normal Stomach

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is not only essential to the development of the gastrointestinal tract, but is also necessary to maintain the characteristic acid-secreting phenotype of the adult stomach. Gastrin is the only hormone capable of stimulating gastric acid and is thus required to maintain functional parietal cells. We have shown previously that gastrin-null mice display gastric atrophy and metaplasia prior to progression to distal, intestinal-type gastric cancer. Because reduced levels of Shh peptide correlate with gastric atrophy, we examined whether gastrin regulates Shh expression in parietal cells. We show here that gastrin stimulates Shh gene expression and acid-dependent processing of the 45-kDa Shh precursor to the 19-kDa secreted peptide in primary parietal cell cultures. This cleavage was blocked by the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole and mediated by the acid-activated protease pepsin A. Pepsin A was also the protease responsible for processing Shh in tissue extracts from human stomach. By contrast, extracts prepared from neoplastic gastric mucosa had reduced levels of pepsin A and did not process Shh. Therefore processing of Shh in the normal stomach is hormonally regulated, acid-dependent, and mediated by the aspartic protease pepsin A. Moreover parietal cell atrophy, a known pre-neoplastic lesion, correlates with loss of Shh processing.

Parietal cells express high levels of Na-K-2Cl cotransporter on migrating into the gastric gland neck

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. G1273-G1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichole McDaniel ◽  
Christian Lytle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Anion Exchanger ◽  
Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Gastric Gland ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Anion Exchanger 2 ◽  
Rat Gastric Mucosa

Na-K-2Cl cotransport and Cl/[Formula: see text] exchange are prominent mechanisms for Cl−uptake in Cl−-secreting epithelial cells. We used immunofluorescence microscopy to delineate the distributions of Na-K-2Cl cotransporter-1 (NKCC1) and anion exchanger-2 (AE2) proteins in rat gastric mucosa (zymogenic zone). Parietal cells (PCs) above the neck of the gastric gland contained abundant AE2 but little or no NKCC1, whereas those in the neck and base contained high NKCC1 but diminished AE2. Lower levels of NKCC1 were detected in surface mucous cells and in cells comprising the blind ends of all glands. Pulse labeling of proliferating cells with bromodeoxyuridine indicated that new PCs originate in the isthmus with scant NKCC1; the subset of PCs that migrate downward expresses NKCC1 abruptly on entering the neck, within 7 days of cell division. Our results suggest that downwardly migrating PCs replace one mechanism for Cl−entry (Cl/[Formula: see text] exchange) with another (Na-K-2Cl cotransport).

scholarly journals Purification of Gastric Mucosal ECL Cells from a Crude Elutriation Fraction

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1643-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Graham
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Parietal Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Centrifugal Elutriation ◽  
Ecl Cells ◽  
Acid Secreting ◽  
Density Barrier

Acid-secreting parietal cells from the gastric mucosa are widely studied as a model in studies on ion transport and the endocrine/paracrine ECL cells effectively control parietal cell function. Discontinuous gradients of iodixanol for the purification of ECL cells were subsequently simplified to the use of a density barrier. This technique is now commonly used following initial centrifugal elutriation.

scholarly journals Cloning of an organ of Corti anion exchanger 2 isoform with a truncated C-terminal domain

1995 ◽  
Vol 1236 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clelia Negrini ◽  
Marcelo N Rivolta ◽  
Federico Kalinec ◽  
Bechara Kachar
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchanger ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Terminal Domain ◽  
Anion Exchanger 2

30 Geographic Mapping of the Cell Lineages Within the Human Stomach Reveals Regional Concentrations of Enteroendocrine Cells and Parietal Cells Throughout the Antrum

2013 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. S-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Roland ◽  
Eunyoung Choi ◽  
Brittney J. Barlow ◽  
Ryan O'Neal ◽  
Amy E. Rich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Stomach ◽  
Parietal Cells ◽  
Enteroendocrine Cells ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Geographic Mapping
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