Identification of a complete set of isogenic wheat/rye D-genome substitution lines by means of Giemsa C-banding

1988 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Friebe ◽  
E. N. Larter
Keyword(s):  
Substitution Lines ◽  
D Genome ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Complete Set

Langdon durum disomic substitution lines and aneuploid analysis in tetraploid wheat

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Joppa ◽  
N. D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Chromosome Transmission ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Aneuploid Analysis

A complete set of disomic substitution lines have been developed in the tetraploid wheat cultivar Langdon (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). These aneuploid lines each have a pair of durum wheat homoeologues replaced by a pair of D-genome chromosomes transferred from 'Chinese Spring' hexaploid wheat. They can be used to determine the chromosomal location of genes, to transfer chromosomes from one cultivar or line of tetraploid wheat to another, to study the cytogenetics of tetraploid wheat, to determine gene linkages, and to identify chromosomes involved in translocations. Their phenotypic characteristics, their cytogenetic behavior, and suggested methods for their use are described.Key words: cytogenetics, monosomic, chromosome transmission, telosomic, chromosome substitution.

Molecular characterization and chromosome-specific TRAP-marker development for Langdon durum D-genome disomic substitution lines

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1545-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
D.L. Klindworth ◽  
F. Shireen ◽  
X. Cai ◽  
J. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Genome Chromosome ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
B Genome ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trap Marker

The aneuploid stocks of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husnot) and common wheat ( T. aestivum L.) have been developed mainly in ‘Langdon’ (LDN) and ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) cultivars, respectively. The LDN-CS D-genome chromosome disomic substitution (LDN-DS) lines, where a pair of CS D-genome chromosomes substitute for a corresponding homoeologous A- or B-genome chromosome pair of LDN, have been widely used to determine the chromosomal locations of genes in tetraploid wheat. The LDN-DS lines were originally developed by crossing CS nulli-tetrasomics with LDN, followed by 6 backcrosses with LDN. They have subsequently been improved with 5 additional backcrosses with LDN. The objectives of this study were to characterize a set of the 14 most recent LDN-DS lines and to develop chromosome-specific markers, using the newly developed TRAP (target region amplification polymorphism)-marker technique. A total of 307 polymorphic DNA fragments were amplified from LDN and CS, and 302 of them were assigned to individual chromosomes. Most of the markers (95.5%) were present on a single chromosome as chromosome-specific markers, but 4.5% of the markers mapped to 2 or more chromosomes. The number of markers per chromosome varied, from a low of 10 (chromosomes 1A and 6D) to a high of 24 (chromosome 3A). There was an average of 16.6, 16.6, and 15.9 markers per chromosome assigned to the A-, B-, and D-genome chromosomes, respectively, suggesting that TRAP markers were detected at a nearly equal frequency on the 3 genomes. A comparison of the source of the expressed sequence tags (ESTs), used to derive the fixed primers, with the chromosomal location of markers revealed that 15.5% of the TRAP markers were located on the same chromosomes as the ESTs used to generate the fixed primers. A fixed primer designed from an EST mapped on a chromosome or a homoeologous group amplified at least 1 fragment specific to that chromosome or group, suggesting that the fixed primers might generate markers from target regions. TRAP-marker analysis verified the retention of at least 13 pairs of A- or B-genome chromosomes from LDN and 1 pair of D-genome chromosomes from CS in each of the LDN-DS lines. The chromosome-specific markers developed in this study provide an identity for each of the chromosomes, and they will facilitate molecular and genetic characterization of the individual chromosomes, including genetic mapping and gene identification.

The inheritance and chromosomal location of a gene for chocolate chaff in durum wheat

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Konzak ◽  
L. R. Joppa
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
D Genome ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Aneuploid Chromosome

The durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) cultivar 'Vic' was treated with the chemical mutagen N-methyl-N′-nitrosourea and among the M2 progeny a mutant with "chocolate chaff" (designated cc) was identified. Genetic analyses indicated that chocolate chaff is due to a single recessive gene mutation. The penetrance of the gene for chocolate chaff was environmentally influenced and varied from dark blotches on the glumes to complete coloration of culms as well as spikes. To determine the chromosomal location of the gene, the mutant was crossed with a set of 'Langdon' durum disomic substitution lines in which each of the 14 A- and B-genome chromosomes of durum wheat were replaced by their respective D-genome homoeologues. The segregation of cc was normal in all of the crosses except for those with the 7D(7A) and 7D(7B) lines. Cytogenetic analysis indicated that the gene was located on chromosome 7B, and that chromosome 7D has a gene that prevents the expression of cc when present in one or more copies. It was shown that the 'Langdon' D-genome disomic substitution lines can be used to determine the chromosomal location of genes in tetraploid wheat.Key words: Triticum turgidum, aneuploid, chromosome substitution, monosomic, cytogenetics.

Production of wheat-rye substitution lines and identification of chromosome composition of karyotypes using C-banding, GISH, and SSR markers

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. Silkova ◽  
O. B. Dobrovolskaya ◽  
N. I. Dubovets ◽  
I. G. Adonina ◽  
L. A. Kravtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
C Banding

Cytogenetic identification of Triticum peregrinum chromosomes added to common wheat

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Friebe ◽  
E. D. Badaeva ◽  
B. S. Gill ◽  
N. A. Tuleen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Donor Species

C-banded karyotypes of a complete set of 14 Triticum peregrinum whole chromosome addition lines and 25 telosomic addition lines are reported. The added T. peregrinum chromosomes were not structurally rearranged compared with the corresponding chromosomes of the donor accession. Comprehensive karyotypic analysis confirmed Triticum umbellulatum as the donor species of the Uv genome and identified Triticum longissimum as the donor species of the Sv genome of T. peregrinum. Neither the Uv nor Sv genome chromosomes of the T. peregrinum accession showed large modifications when compared with the ancestral U and S1 genomes. Key words : Triticum aestivum, Triticum peregrinum, Triticum umbellulatum, Triticum longissimum, chromosome addition lines, C-banding.

Grain quality and yield characteristics of D-genome disomic substitution lines in 'Langdon' (Triticum turgidum var. durum)

1995 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-Y. Liu ◽  
A. J. Rathjen ◽  
K. W. Shepherd ◽  
P. W. Gras ◽  
L. C. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
D Genome

scholarly journals PCR identification of durum wheat BAC clones containing genes coding for carotenoid biosynthesis enzymes and their chromosome localization

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cenci ◽  
S Somma ◽  
N Chantret ◽  
J Dubcovsky ◽  
A Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Bac Library ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Bac Clones ◽  
Essential Components

Carotenoids are essential components in all plants. Their accumulation in wheat seed determines the endosperm colour, which is an important quality trait in wheat. In this study, we report the isolation of BAC clones containing genes coding for three different enzymes of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway: phytoene synthase (PSY), phytoene desaturase (PDS), and ζ-carotene desaturase (ZDS). Primers were designed on the basis of wheat ESTs similar to the sequences of these three genes in other species, and used to screen a BAC library from Triticum turgidum var. durum (2n = 28, genomes AABB). Eight, six, and nine 384-well plates containing at least one positive clone were found for PSY, PDS, and ZDS, respectively. BACs selected for each of these genes were then divided in two groups corresponding to the A and B genomes of tetraploid wheat, based on differences in the length of the PCR amplification products, conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE), or cleavage amplification polymorphisms. Positive clones were then assigned to chromosomes using a set of D genome substitution lines in T. turgidum var. durum 'Langdon'. PSY clones were localized on chromosomes 5A and 5B, PDS on chromosomes 4A and 4B, and ZDS on chromosomes 2A and 2B. The strategies used for the PCR screening of large BAC libraries and for the differentiation of BAC clones from different genomes in a polyploid species are discussed.Key words: wheat, carotenoid biosynthesis, BAC.

Gliadin gene location and C-banding identification of Aegilops longissima chromosomes added to wheat

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hueros ◽  
J. M. Gonzalez ◽  
J. C. Sanz ◽  
E. Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Gene Location ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
Gli 1 ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Gliadin Protein ◽  
Alien Addition Lines

Gliadin protein components from Aegilops longissima were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. No equivalents for α-gliadin were noted. Addition and substitution lines of Ae. longissima in Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' allowed the identification of homoeologous Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci in Ae. longissima chromosomes 1S1 and 6S1. The chromosomal constitution of the alien addition lines was ascertained by C-banding. In addition, C-banding analysis revealed that the Ae. longissima addition set was incomplete as only six distinct addition lines were identified. No evidence for structural modifications between the alien chromosomes in the lines and their Ae. longissima counterparts was found.Key words: gliadins, C-banding, gene location, Aegilops longissima, wheat.

C-banding polymorphisms in several accessions of Triticum tauschii (Aegilops squarrosa)

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Friebe ◽  
Y. Mukai ◽  
B. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Chromosome Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Variation ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Minor Variation ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa

A generalized C-banded karyotype of Triticum tauschii (Aegilops squarrosa) was established based on chromosome analysis of 15 accessions of diverse origin, including the two varieties eusquarrosa (with the former varieties typica, anathera, and meyeri) and strangulata. The C-banding pattern of T. tauschii chromosomes was similar to the D-genome chromosomes of cultivated bread wheat, T. aestivum, thus permitting their unequivocal identification and homoeologous chromosome designations. Whereas only minor variation in C-banding pattern was observed within the accessions, a large amount of polymorphic variation was found among the different accessions. However, this polymorphic variation did not prevent chromosome identification in these lines. One accession (TA 2462) was found to be homozygous for a reciprocal translocation involving the complete arms of chromosomes 1D and 7D. In situ hybridization using the D-genome specific probe pAS1 confirmed the presence of T1DS-7DL and T7DS.1DL translocation in the accession TA 2462.Key words: Triticum tauschii, C-banding, in situ hybridization.

Genome differentiation in Aegilops. 1. Distribution of highly repetitive DNA sequences on chromosomes of diploid species

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina D. Badaeva ◽  
Bernd Friebe ◽  
Bikram S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences ◽  
Aegilops Species ◽  
D Genome ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Genome Differentiation ◽  
Highly Repetitive Dna

Genome differentiation in 12 diploid Aegilops species was analyzed using in situ hybridization with the highly repetitive DNA sequences pSc119 and pAs1 and C-banding. Chromosomes of all these diploid Aegilops species hybridized with the pSc119 probe; however, the level of hybridization and labeling patterns differed among genomes. Only four species (Ae. squarrosa, Ae. comosa, Ae. heldreichii, and Ae. uniaristata) showed distinct hybridization with pAs1. The labeling patterns were species-specific and chromosome-specific. Differences in in situ hybridization (ISH) patterns, also observed by C-banding, exist between the karyotypes of Ae. comosa and Ae. heldreichii, suggesting that they are separate, although closely related, subspecies. The S genome of Ae. spelioides was most similar to the B and G genomes of polyploid wheats on the basis of both C-banding and ISH patterns, but was different from other species of section Sitopsis. These species had different C-banding patterns but they were similar to each other and to Ae. mutica in the distribution of pSc119 hybridization sites. Two types of labeling were detected in Ae. squarrosa with the pAs1 probe. The first resembled that of the D-genome chromosomes of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell., while the second was similar to the D genome of some of the polyploid Aegilops species. Relationships among diploid Aegilops species and the possible mechanisms of genome differentiation are discussed. Key words : wheat, Triticum, Aegilops, in situ hybridization, C-banding, evolution.

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