Gene differences in heading date, height, seed weight and seed yield between two pure line varieties of Triticum aestivum L.

1988 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Wehrhahn ◽  
G. C. C. Tai
2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sri Gajatri Budiarti

<p>The aim of the experiment were to rejuvenate and characterize of wheat germplasm. Eighty nine genotypes planted at Kuningan Field Research Instalation, West Java from June to October 2002. Plot size for each genotypes 3 x 1 m2 with spacing 25 x 10 cm. Seeds were planted with 2 seed per hole and thinned out to one plant. Several agronomic characters were observed: date of flowering, date of maturing, plant height, number of productive tiller per hill, seed weight per hill and yield per plot. The results showed that: date of flowering (mean 60.9 days with range 48-77 days), date of maturity (mean 102.7 days with range 87-119 days), plant height (mean 72.4 cm, range 53.5-88.7 cm), number of productive tiller per hill (mean 9.71, range 4.9-24.0), seed weight per hill (mean 11.96 g, range 5.3-34.5 g) and seed yield per plot (200.0- 2624.5 g). Seventeen genotypes have date of flowering &lt;54.3 days, some of them were H40, H80, V219, and V132. There were 25 genotypes have date of harvesting ranged 87-98 days, some of them were H40 (87 days), H85 (91 days), H90 (91 days). There were 16 genotypes have plant height &lt;65.2 cm, some of them were C3 (53.5 cm), C7 (58.4 cm), C14 (59.1 cm). Whereas the highest was C10 (88.7 cm). Nine genotypes have number of productive tiller per hill &gt;17.5, some of them were C8 (23.6), C27 (22.7) and the greatest number was C28 (24.0). Sixty six genotypes have number of productive tiller per hill, ranged 4.9-11.2, some of them were: C34 (4.9), C24 (5.2), H85 (5.6). Seed weight per hill showed that 60 genotypes have seed weight &lt;12.6 g, for example: H71 (5.3 g), H40 (6.6 g), C132 (5,4 g), C34 (6,7 g), whereas the heaviest was C28 (34.5 g). Sixteen three two genotypes that have yield per plot &gt;2000 g were V192 (2016.0 g), and V167 (2624.5 g).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tujuan penelitian adalah merejuvenasi dan mengkarakterisasi plasma nutfah gandum, terutama morfologi dan agronomi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Juni hingga Oktober 2002 di Inlitpa Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Sejumlah 89 genotipe gandum ditanam pada petak berukuran 3 x 1 m2, dengan jarak tanam 25 x 10 cm, secara tugal, dua biji per lubang, dan diperjarang menjadi satu tanaman. Pemupukan dilakukan pada 1 MST secara alur di samping barisan tanaman. Pupuk dasar terdiri dari 100 kg urea, 200 kg SP36, dan 50 kg KCl/ha. Sejumlah 100 kg urea/ha diberikan lagi pada umur 5 MST dan 9 MST. Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap umur berbunga, umur masak, tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif per rumpun, bobot biji per rumpun, dan hasil biji per petak. Umur berbunga ratarata 60,9 hari dengan rentang 48-77 hari, umur masak 102,7 hari dengan rentang 87-119 hari, tinggi tanaman 72,4 cm dengan rentang 53,5-88,7 cm, jumlah anakan produktif per rumpun 9,71 dengan rentang 4,9-24, bobot biji per rumpun 11,96 g dengan rentang 5,3-34,5 g, dan hasil biji per petak berkisar antara 200-2624,5 g. Genotipe yang mempunyai umur berbunga &lt;54,3 hari di antaranya adalah H40, H80, V219, dan V132. Genotipe yang mempunyai umur masak 87-98 hari di antaranya adalah H40, H85, dan H90. Genotipe dengan tinggi tanaman &lt;65,2 cm di antaranya adalah C3, C7, dan C14. Genotipe dengan jumlah anakan produktif per rumpun &gt;17,5 di antaranya adalah C28, C8, C27. Genotipe yang mempunyai jumlah anakan produktif 4,9-11,2 di antaranya adalah C34, C24, dan H85. Genotipe yang mempunyai bobot biji &lt;12,6 g, di antaranya adalah H71, H40, V132, C34, dan yang terberat adalah genotipe C28. Dua genotipe yang mempunyai hasil biji per petak &gt;2000 g adalah V192 dan V167.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Marzougui ◽  
Mohamed Kharrat ◽  
Mongi ben Younes

Identifying QTLs (quantitative trait loci) that control yield related traits under a stressed environment is very useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Marker-trait associations (MTA) for several agro-morphological traits were performed with 130 Tunisian and exotic spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions under a semi-arid climate in El Kef, Tunisia. Grain yield and other important traits were evaluated. A population structural analysis identified two sub populations. In total, 29 MTAs were detected at –log P ≥ 3 using an MLM (mixed linear model), and only 5 MTAs with –log P ≥ 4. The locus on chromosome 4A was detected to control the heading date accounting for up to 22% of the trait variance. Two other loci located on chromosomes 3B and 7B were found to be stable during the two cropping seasons and have a pleiotropic effect on the heading date, yield, internodes length and grain per spike. These two regions are candidates for further genetic analysis.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 1825-1838
Author(s):  
Zhaoyan Chen ◽  
Xuejiao Cheng ◽  
Lingling Chai ◽  
Zihao Wang ◽  
Dejie Du ◽  
...  

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh McKenzie

Inheritance of stem solidness was studied in populations of F3 and B2 lines from the Red Bobs × C.T. 715 and Redman × S-615 (Triticum aestivum L.) crosses and backcrosses. The data supported the hypothesis that the varieties in each cross differed by four genes for stem solidness. In both crosses, one gene exerted a major influence in that its allele for hollowness in the homozygous condition was epistatic to the other three genes. The other three genes within each cross were similar in their influence on solidness. Between the two crosses, corresponding genes differed in some degree.Genetic analyses and correlation coefficients both revealed a close association between sawfly resistance and stem solidness in the Red Bobs × C.T. 715 cross indicating that the stem solidness character was largely responsible for conditioning the degree of sawfly reaction in a plant.In both crosses, a weak negative correlation was found between stem solidness and height. Stem solidness was not associated with bunt (race T-2) reaction, glume color, awn type, or heading date.


1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER ◽  
P. L. DYCK

Four hexaploid spring wheats (Triticum aestivum L.), which differ only in their D genomes, were crossed in all combinations. Heterosis was expressed in F1 and F2 for number of spikes, kernel weight, and seed yield. Failure to detect significant specific combining ability among F1 progeny suggests that only additive genetic variance is involved in the inheritance of these traits. Competition between single-spaced plants was detected.


1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. O’DONOVAN ◽  
K. J. KIRKLAND ◽  
A. K. SHARMA

The effects of different densities of volunteer wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Neepawa’) on the yield of canola (Brassica campestris L. ’Tobin’ and B. napus L. ’Westar’), and the seed yield of the volunteer wheat were determined in field experiments conducted at Vegreville, Alberta and Scott, Saskatchewan. Hyperbolic models provided a good fit to the data in most instances and indicated that volunteer wheat can severely reduce canola yield. A model pooled over locations and years indicated that volunteer wheat populations as low as one plant m−2 reduced canola yield by approximately 1%. Yield loss predictions from the models were used to determine the economics of volunteer wheat control with herbicides. In some cases, revenue losses due to reduced canola yield could be alleviated when the value of the volunteer wheat was considered.Key words: Volunteer wheat, canola, rectangular hyperbola, multiple regression, economic threshold, volunteer cereals


2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
NASER SABAGHNIA ◽  
MOHSEN JANMOHAMMADI ◽  
ADEL BASHIRI ◽  
REZA ASGHARI-SHIRGHAN

The genetic diversity among 56 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes was evaluated by 18 agronomical traits in the experimental field at Maragheh, Iran. Significant differences among bread wheat genotypes in all of the measured traits i.e. stem diameter, plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, tiller number, internode length, peduncle length, spike length, floret number, spikelet number, grain number, length of awn, grain diameter, grain length, the number of days to flowering, thousand seed weight and grain yield. The coefficient of variation (CV) was high for grain yield (25.61%), number of tillers per plant (22.06%) and number of grains per spike (21.45). The other remaining traits recorded moderate to low CV estimates from 14.30% in grain number per spike to 4.81% in days to flowering. The largest thousand seed weight was 45.93 g, the lowest thousand seed weight was 26.16 g and the mean thousand seed weight was 37.85 g. The mean performance of grain yield was 5031.2 kg ha-1, the minimum grain yield was 2835.0 kg ha-1 and the maximum grain yield was 7125.3 kg ha-1. Ward’s minimum variance cluster analysis based on squared Euclidian distance on the raw data of 18 agronomic traits clearly separated five clusters. In general, cluster analysis of the 56 genotypes based on the selected agronomic traits was consistent with known information. Our plant materials could be important germplasm resources for enriching the genetic background of commercial cultivars. Such genetic differences of bread wheat traits studied in this investigation can be applied as a new source of variation in other breeding programs and crossing nurseries in breeding program


Author(s):  
Murat OLGUN ◽  
Okan Sezer ◽  
Metin Turan ◽  
Zekiye Budak Başçiftçi ◽  
Nazife Gözde Ayter Arpacıoğlu ◽  
...  

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