Measurement of pH at the root surface of red clover (Trifolium pratense) grown in soils differing in proton buffer capacity

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Hauter ◽  
Konrad Mengel
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Root Surface

Phosphorus acquisition from compacted soil by hyphae of a mycorrhizal fungus associated with red clover (Trifolium pratense)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Lin Li ◽  
Jun-Ling Zhang ◽  
Eckhard George ◽  
Horst Marschner
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Compacted Soil

The influence of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus mosseae, on the adverse effects of soil compaction on growth and phosphorus (P) uptake of red clover was studied in a model experiment. The pots used in the experiment had three compartments, a central one with a soil bulk density of 1.3 g ∙ cm−3 and two outer compartments with three different levels of soil bulk density (1.3, 1.6, or 1.8 g ∙ cm−3). The soil in the outer compartments was fertilized with P and was either freely accessible to roots and hyphae, or separated by nets and accessible to hyphae only. At a soil bulk density of 1.3 g ∙ cm−3, mycorrhizal plants did not absorb more P than nonmycorrhizal plants except when access of roots to the outer compartments was restricted by nets. At high soil bulk density, root growth was drastically decreased. However, hyphae of G. mosseae absorbed P even from highly compacted soil, and induced a P-depletion zone of about 30 mm from the root surface. In consequence, at higher soil bulk density shoot P concentration and the total amount of P in the shoot were higher in mycorrhizal than in nonmycorrhizal plants. This experiment showed that hyphae of G. mosseae are more efficient in obtaining P from compacted soil than mycorrhizal or nonmycorrhizal roots of red clover. Key words: arbuscular mycorrhiza, phosphorus, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), soil bulk density, soil compaction.

Chemotaxis of zoospores of Phytophthora megasperma to primary roots of alfalfa seedlings

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Chi ◽  
F. E. Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Cap ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Phytophthora Megasperma ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Primary Roots

Chemotaxis of the zoospores of Phytophthora megasperma was studied on freshly excised primary root tips of 2-day-old seedlings of nine alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars and four other legume species. The highly susceptible cultivars Saranac, Algonquin, and Vernal attracted masses of zoospores within minutes after being placed into fresh zoospore suspensions. The moderately susceptible cultivars Iroquois, Angus, and Thor displayed less severe en masse zoospore accumulation. Resistant cultivars Apollo, Agate, and to a lesser degree WL-318 exhibited minor chemotaxis.Zoospores were strongly attracted to the region of elongation, immediately above the root cap area. Relatively few zoospores, if any, were attracted to the root cap and older regions of the roots. Zoospores were not attracted to root hairs. Within 0.5-1 h, zoospores attracted to the roots began to encyst and germinate. Germ tubes always originated from the side of cysts closest to the root surface, and all showed unidirectional growth towards the root.Very weak or no chemotactic responses of zoospores to nonhost legume plants of white sweet clover (Melilotus alba Desr.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Vansoy) were observed. Roots of susceptible alfalfa seedlings pretreated in boiling water did not attract zoospores.Injured, susceptible alfalfa roots displayed a strong preferential attraction around a wounded root area. Varying zoospore densities occurred at different distances from the wound. Wounded, resistant alfalfa roots showed slightly more zoospore accumulation than the uninjured resistant roots.The magnitude of chemotaxis and response time appear to be related to the susceptibility or resistance of the young, primary roots of alfalfa seedlings.

Comparisons of Floral Response of Seed Lots of Dollard Red Clover, Trifolium pratense L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bula ◽  
R. G. May ◽  
C. S. Garrison ◽  
C. M. Rincker ◽  
J. G. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

scholarly journals Precrop Effect of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on the Population Development of the Northern Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 and on Succeeding Crops—A Pot Study

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Renata Dobosz ◽  
Roman Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Meloidogyne Hapla ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Tomato Growth

The northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, is a major pest of many crop species. The objective of the study was to determine how M. hapla population dynamics is affected by two precrops, i.e., Trifolium pratense and Medicago sativa, in three crop durations: one, two and three years of continuous cultivation. Moreover, we set ourselves the task of evaluating the effect of the legume precrop soil on the growth of the succeeding tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) and on the nematode population. The experiment was performed outdoors in pots with naturally infected soil. Both precrop species investigated were found to modify the J2 nematode population density in the soil. The galls and nematode females with egg masses were observed on the roots of both studied plant species at the end of each growing season. They appeared to be more abundant on the red clover roots than on those of the alfalfa. The obtained data indicate that the spring soil sampling is more appropriate for the estimation of the M. hapla population density in the red clover precrop soil. The legume precrop soil had a limiting effect on tomato growth and fruit yield. The nematode population negatively influenced tomato growth. The experiment revealed that tomato plants could be planted in alfalfa precrop soil following at least three years of continuous alfalfa cultivation. The same cannot be said of the cultivation of red clover as a precrop for tomatoes.

scholarly journals Volatile Constituents of Trifolium Pratense and T. Repens from N.E. Italian Alpine Pastures

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Tava ◽  
Daniele Ramella ◽  
Maris Grecchi ◽  
Paolo Aceto ◽  
Renato Paoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Volatile Fraction ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

The composition of the volatile fraction of two important forage legumes from Italian sub-alpine N.E. pastureland, namely Trifolium pratense L. subsp. pratense (red clover) and T. repens subsp. repens (white clover) were investigated. The volatile oil was obtained from the fresh aerial parts by steam distillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The oil yield was 0.018 and 0.021% (weight/fresh weight basis) for T. pratense and T. repens, respectively. Several classes of compounds were found in both the oils, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, terpenes, esters, hydrocarbons, phenolics and acids. Qualitative and quantitative differences were found.

scholarly journals The Effects of Red Clover Seed Treatment with Cold Plasma and Electromagnetic Field on Germination and Seedling Growth Are Dependent on Seed Color

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4676
Author(s):  
Anatolii Ivankov ◽  
Rasa Zukiene ◽  
Zita Nauciene ◽  
Laima Degutyte-Fomins ◽  
Irina Filatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
Clover Seed

This study aimed to estimate the effects of cold plasma (CP) and electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment of red clover (Trifolium pratense) seeds with different coat colors on germination kinetics, the content of seed phytohormones, and the growth of seedlings. Seeds of red clover cultivar ‘Arimaiciai’ were treated with radio-frequency EMF or capacitively coupled low-pressure CP for different durations. There were no differences in germination kinetics between yellow, brown, and dark purple seeds in control, but the germination rate of seeds treated with CP and EMF depended on seed color: The germination of yellow seeds was stimulated stronger compared to dark purple and brown seeds, and EMF did not stimulate germination in brown seeds. The content of phytohormones in control seeds and the shift in their amount induced by seed treatments were also strongly dependent on seed color. No relationship was found between the effect on germination kinetics and changes in phytohormone levels. In the control, seedlings growing from the yellow seeds were heavier, and the number of root nodules was 12.5 times larger compared to seedlings of dark purple seeds. Seed treatments with CP and EMF significantly increased the number of root nodules, and this effect was stronger in seedlings from dark purple seeds compared to those from yellow seeds.

Polycross‐Progeny Testing of Red Clover (trifolium pratense L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. Taylor ◽  
W. A. Kendall ◽  
W. H. Stroube
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L
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