scholarly journals Effect of substrate interactions on in vitro fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue of normal and genetically obese mice

Diabetologia ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Rath ◽  
D.A. Hems ◽  
A. Beloff-Chain
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Substrate Interactions

scholarly journals Effects of Prolactin in Vitro on Fatty Acid Synthesis in Rat Adipose Tissue

1959 ◽  
Vol 234 (12) ◽  
pp. 3111-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert I. Winegrad ◽  
Walter N. Shaw ◽  
Francis D.W. Lukens ◽  
William C. Stadie
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Developmental changes in fatty acid synthesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue of lean and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice

1983 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
S W Mercer ◽  
P Trayhurn
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose

Fatty acid synthesis was measured in vivo with 3H2O in interscapular brown adipose tissue of lean and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice. At 26 days of age, before the development of hyperphagia, synthesis in brown adipose tissue was higher in the obese than in the lean mice; synthesis was also elevated in the liver, white adipose tissue and carcass of the obese mice. At 8 weeks of age, when hyperphagia was well established, synthesis remained elevated in all tissues of the obese mice, with the exception of brown adipose tissue. Elevated synthesis rates were not apparent in brown adipose tissue of the obese mice at 14 days of age, nor at 35 days of age. These results demonstrate that brown adipose tissue in ob/ob mice has a transitory hyperlipogenesis at, and just after, weaning on to a low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet. Once hyperphagia has developed, by week 5 of life, brown adipose tissue is the only major lipogenic tissue in the obese mice not to exhibit elevated rates of fatty acid synthesis; this suggests that insulin resistance develops much more rapidly in brown adipose tissue than in other lipogenic tissues of the ob/ob mouse.

scholarly journals Fatty acid synthesis in liver and adipose tissue of normal and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice during the 24-hour cycle

1975 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D A Hems ◽  
E A Rath ◽  
T R Verrinder
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Adipose Organ

1. The synthesis of long-chain fatty acids de novo was measured in the liver and in regions of adipose tissue in intact normal and genetically obses mice throughout the daily 24h cycle. 2. The total rate of synthesis, as measured by the rate of incorporation of 3H from 3H2O into fatty acid, was highest during the dark period, in liver and adipose tissue of lean or obese mice. 3. The rate of incorporation of 14C from [U-14C]glucose into fatty acid was also followed (in the same mice). The 14C/3H ratios were higher by a factor of 5-20 in parametrial and scapular fat than that in liver. This difference was less marked during the dark period (of maximum fatty acid synthesis). 4. In normal mice, the total rate of fatty acid synthesis in the liver was about twofold greater than that in all adipose tissue regions combined. 5. In obese mice, the rate of fatty acid synthesis was more rapid than in lean mice, in both liver and adipose tissue. Most of the extra lipogenesis occurred in adipose tissue. The extra hepatic fatty acids synthesized in obese mice were located in triglyceride rather than phospholipid. 6. In adipose tissue of normal mice, the rate of fatty acid synthesis was most rapid in the intra-abdominal areas and in brown fat. In obese mice, all regions exhibited rapid rates of fatty acid synthesis. 7. These results shed light on the relative significance of liver and adipose tissue (i.e. the adipose ‘organ’) in fatty acid synthesis in mice, on the mino importance of glucose in hepatic lipogenesis, and on the alterations in the rate of fatty acid synthesis in genetically obese mice.

scholarly journals Aspects of adipose-tissue metabolism in foetal lambs

1981 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
R G Vernon ◽  
J P Robertson ◽  
R A Clegg ◽  
D J Flint
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Perirenal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glycerol Synthesis

1. The mean volume of adipocytes, the rates of fatty acid and acylglycerol glycerol synthesis from various precursors (in vitro), the rates of oxidation of acetate and glucose (in vitro) and the activities of lipoprotein lipase and various lipogenic enzymes were determined for perirenal adipose tissue from foetal lambs during the last month of gestation. 2. The fall in the rate of growth of perirenal adipose tissue during the last month of gestation is associated with a diminished capacity for fatty acid synthesis and lipoprotein lipase activity, but no change in the rate of acylglycerol glycerol synthesis was observed. There was no fall in the activities of cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthetase or the NADP-linked dehydrogenases, suggesting that the decrease in the rate of fatty acid synthesis was due to an impairment at the level of acetyl-CoA carboxylase or fatty acid synthetase. 3. The rate of fatty acid synthesis from acetate was greater than that from glucose. The rate of fatty acid synthesis from glucose per adipocyte of foetal lambs was similar to that of young sheep. The characteristic metabolism of adipose tissue of the adult sheep is thus present in the foetus, despite the relatively large amounts of glucose in the foetal ‘diet’.

QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF GLUTAMATE UTILIZATION BY RAT ADIPOSE TISSUE AND LIVER IN VITRO: EFFECT OF PERIODICITY OF EATING

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert A. Leveille ◽  
Richard W. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Meal Feeding ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue ◽  
Relative Differences ◽  
Vitro Effect

The activity of two pathways supplying substrate for lipogenesis was enhanced in adipose tissue of meal-fed rats. One of these pathways, the forward pathway, involves the entry of α-ketoglutarate into the mitochondria, and metabolism via the Krebs cycle; the second pathway involves the backward flow of α-ketoglutarate to citrate in the cytoplasm, and cleavage of citrate to supply acetyl-CoA. Meal feeding increased fatty acid synthesis via the forward and backward pathways, but the relative amount of glutamate incorporated into lipid via the backward pathway decreased as a result of meal eating. The relative importance of the backward and forward pathways to the incorporation of α-ketoglutarate into fatty acid appeared to be similar for liver and adipose tissue. Lipogenesis from glutamate was significantly greater in adipose tissue incubated in bicarbonate than in phosphate buffer; however, the relative differences between tissues from meal-fed rats and from those fed ad libitum were similar in the two buffers. The possible importance of the backward pathway in the supply of precursors for fatty acid synthesis is discussed.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS BY TISSUE SLICES IN VITRO

1952 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace. Medes ◽  
Alice. Thomas ◽  
Sidney. Weinhouse
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Nutritional Factors
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